Protecting the North Sea: Cleaver Bank.
Cleaver Bank represents the largest area of hard substrate in the Dutch North Sea, and its biodiversity importance has been repeatedly recognised. The combination of oceanographic and geological patterns found in the area (e.g., depth, low currents and light penetration) makes Cleaver Bank a unique enclave of marine life in the Dutch EEZ. Thus, it has already been designated under various figures of protection (see Box 4). However, current management measures for these areas fail to secure the preservation of the area’s fragile combination of features. Bearing in mind that the disappearance of the former rocky banks in Dutch waters was caused by their direct removal in bottom trawls, and the threat that fishing activities pose to the fragile and varied seabed of Cleaver Bank, Oceana proposes that the entire area of Klaverbank SAC should be closed to all type of bottom-contacting gears. Continued bottom-contact fishing in Klaverbankrepresents a clear threat to the fragile benthic ecosystems found in the area. On the UK side, Oceana’s findings have further confirmed that Cleaver Bank as a whole (both the Dutch and UK sides) is characterised by very similar habitats and communities. Oceana urges the UK government to carry out more detailed habitat mapping, in order to better identify the range of features present, and determine which conservation and management measures are needed to preserve and restore the ecological integrity of Cleaver Bank.