Improving the evidence base around co-speech gesture in aphasia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brielle C Stark ◽  
Sharice Clough ◽  
Melissa Duff
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Shared Set ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Communication Resource

Purpose: When we speak, we gesture, and indeed, persons living with aphasia gesture more frequently. The reason(s) for this is still being investigated, spurring an increase in the number of studies of gesture usage by persons living with aphasia. As the number of studies increase, so too does the need for a shared set of standards and best practices for gesture research in aphasia. Here, we offer some considerations regarding best practices for future work involving gesture in persons living with aphasia. Methods & Results: First, we briefly review the importance and use of gesture in persons living with aphasia. Then, we explore several different design and methodological considerations for gesture research specific to persons living with aphasia, aiming to develop a transparent and reproducible evaluation of this important multimodal communication resource. Conclusions: We have proposed that it is critical to evaluate multimodal communication in a methodologically robust way in order to facilitate increased knowledge about the relationship of gesture to spoken language, cognition, and to other aspects of living with aphasia and recovery from aphasia. We conclude by postulating future directions for gesture research in aphasia.

Suggestions for Improving the Investigation of Gesture in Aphasia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Brielle C. Stark ◽  
Sharice Clough ◽  
Melissa Duff
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Design Considerations ◽  
Shared Set ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose When we speak, we gesture, and indeed, persons with aphasia gesture more frequently. The reason(s) for this is still being investigated, spurring an increase in the number of studies of gesture in persons with aphasia. As the number of studies increases, so too does the need for a shared set of best practices for gesture research in aphasia. After briefly reviewing the importance and use of gesture in persons with aphasia, this viewpoint puts forth methodological and design considerations when evaluating gesture in persons with aphasia. Method & Results We explore several different design and methodological considerations for gesture research specific to persons with aphasia, such as video angle specifications, data collection techniques, and analysis considerations. The goal of these suggestions is to develop transparent and reproducible methods for evaluating gesture in aphasia to build a solid foundation for continued work in this area. Conclusions We have proposed that it is critical to evaluate multimodal communication in a methodologically robust way to facilitate increased knowledge about the relationship of gesture to spoken language, cognition, and to other aspects of living with aphasia and recovery from aphasia. We conclude by postulating future directions for gesture research in aphasia.

Commentary on Chaplain-Physician Interactions From the Chaplain’s Perspective: A Mixed Method Analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 104990912110030
Author(s):  
Rev George Handzo ◽  
Rev Brian Hughes
Keyword(s):  
Best Practices ◽  
Health System ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Health Systems ◽  
Mixed Method ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Optimal Patient Care ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Method Analysis

Gomez and her colleagues have presented a helpful study of the relationship of the chaplains in her health system to physicians which highlights several barriers to a well-integrated relationship and thus to more optimal patient care. We have seen these same barriers as we have consulted with health systems nationally and have also identified many best practices that mediate or even eliminate many of these barriers. This commentary describes some of what we have seen as chaplain-generated causes of those barriers and effective strategies that have been employed to overcome them. We also provide some resources for chaplains who wish to institute some of these best practices themselves.

Effects of Pollution on Swallowing: How Little We Know

1992 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 706-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey B. Palmer ◽  
Kenneth H. C. Silver
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Alimentary Tract ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Environmental Agents ◽  
Food Particles ◽  
Essential Function ◽  
Airway Defense ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Swallowing is an essential function of the upper alimentary tract. It is highly complex, requiring precise coordination of numerous nerves and muscles of the oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and esophagus. Swallowing is integrated with other physiologic functions, Including mastication and respiration. Impairments of swallowing may result from many different structural or physiologic disorders. Little is currently known about the direct effects of pollution on swallowing. Structures critical to swallowing, however, are vulnerable to damage by environmental hazards such as exposure to ionizing radiation or intake of toxins by ingestion or inhalation. The relationship of swallowing to environmental lung disease is an area of particular Interest because Impaired swallowing may result in aspiration of food particles into the lung, and because pollutants may hamper airway defense mechanisms. In this article, we discuss the possible impact of selected environmental agents on swallowing and suggest future directions for research.

The Roles of Age, Gender, and Ethnicity in Cyberbullying

2016 ◽  
pp. 97-113
Author(s):  
Michelle F. Wright
Keyword(s):  
Social Networking ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Instant Messenger ◽  
Typical Part ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Electronic Technologies

Children and adolescents have become active users of electronic technologies, with many of them blogging, watching videos, and chatting via instant messenger and social networking sites. Many of these activities have become a typical part of their lives. Electronic technologies have brought many conveniences to the lives of children and adolescents. Along with the opportunities associated with these technologies, children and adolescents are also susceptible to risks, including cyberbullying. Therefore, many researchers have become concerned with identifying which factors might predict children's and adolescents' involvement in these behaviors. Some predictors that researchers have focused on include age, gender, and ethnicity, but the findings were mixed. This chapter draws on research to review studies on the relationship of age, gender, and ethnicity to children's and adolescents' cyberbullying involvement and concludes with solutions and recommendations as well as future directions for research focused on these predictors and cyberbullying.

Knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship: a systematic review and future directions

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-67
Author(s):  
Caio Sousa ◽  
Luciana Soares Silva
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Knowledge Intensive ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship ◽  
Focal Issue

Purpose This study aims to propose a framework based on the main theoretical and empirical contributions present in the literature and articulate the main paths for future studies in knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship (KIE). Design/methodology/approach Using the systematic review method from a survey of 85 articles, related to the KIE focal issue, originated from the Web of Science, it was possible to exhaustively analyze the studies and to divide the theme into key categories. Findings The present research has raised the relationship of five categories to KIE conceptualizations; the data suggest that although the literature indicates a distancing from KIE research, there are multidisciplinary themes and approaches interlinked in the studies. Originality/value The systematic approach in the main theoretical and empirical contributions in KIE enabled us to relate five categories (entrepreneurs, innovation, internationalization, location and triple alliance), and finally, to understand the gaps suggested by the researchers.

CERC as a Theoretical Framework for Research and Practice

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 26S-34S ◽  
Author(s):  
Shari Veil ◽  
Barbara Reynolds ◽  
Timothy L. Sellnow ◽  
Matthew W. Seeger
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Communication ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Public Health Professionals ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Health communicators at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) have developed an integrated model titled Crisis and Emergency Risk Communication (CERC) as a tool to educate and equip public health professionals for the expanding communication responsibilities of public health in emergency situations. This essay focuses on CERC as a general theoretical framework for explaining how health communication functions within the contexts of risk and crisis. Specifically, the authors provide an overview of CERC and examine the relationship of risk communication to crisis communication, the role of communication in emergency response, and the theoretical underpinnings of CERC. The article offers an initial set of propositions based on the CERC framework and concludes with a discussion of future directions.

Assessing the relationship of frontal activation asymmetry and affective style: Methodological considerations

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewald Naumann ◽  
Dirk Hagemann ◽  
Christian Fleischer ◽  
Oliver Diedrich ◽  
Dieter Bartussek
Keyword(s):  
Affective Style ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Examining the fixation kinetics of chelated and non-chelated copper and the applications to micronutrient management in semiarid alkaline soils

Solid Earth ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. K. Udeigwe ◽  
M. B. Eichmann ◽  
M. C. Menkiti ◽  
N. Y. O. Kusi
Keyword(s):  
High Plains ◽  
Tetraacetic Acid ◽  
Alkaline Soils ◽  
Order Model ◽  
System Reduction ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Mixed Systems

Abstract. This study examined and compared the fixation and fixation kinetics of copper (Cu) in chelated (ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid, EDTA) and non-chelated mixed systems of micronutrients in the semiarid soils of the Southern High Plains, USA, using findings from Cu extraction studies and kinetic models. Approximately, 22 % more Cu was fixed in the non-chelated system compared to the chelated within the first 14 days with only 7 % difference between the two systems by day 90. Findings suggest a decrease in the effectiveness of chelated micronutrients over time, highlighting the significance of timing even when chelated micronutrients are used. The strengths of the relationship of change in available Cu with respect to other micronutrients (iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn)) were higher in the non-chelated system (R2: 0.68–0.94), compared to the chelated (R2: 0.42–0.81), with slopes of 0.40 (Cu–Fe), 0.31 (Cu–Mn), and 1.04 (Cu–Zn) in the non-chelated system and 0.26 (Cu–Fe), 0.22 (Cu–Mn), and 0.90 (Cu–Zn) in the chelated system. Reduction in the amount of available Cu was best described by the power function model (R2 =  0.91, SE  =  0.081) in the non-chelated system and second-order model (R2 =  0.95, SE  =  0.010) in the chelated system. The applications generated from this study could be used as tools for improved micronutrient management and also provide baseline data for future work in other semiarid/arid alkaline soils of the world. Findings are also more applicable to field settings, an improvement over related previous studies.

More than pictures: developing an accessible resource

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lois Cameron ◽  
Rhona Matthews
Keyword(s):  
Learning Disability ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Communication Framework ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Communication Resource

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to describe the process of developing an accessible communication resource which enables people with a learning disability to reflect on their lives and raise issues of concern. Design/methodology/approach The process of making the resource and the facets that contribute to making it accessible are explored, e.g. design specification, the relationship between pictures and meaning, the order in which concepts are presented. The paper goes on to describe how the resource is put into practice using the format of a “Talking Mat”.® Talking Mats is a communication framework which has a strong evidence base that shows it improves the quality and quantity of information a person with a learning disability gives in a conversation. It provides practitioners with a consistent framework to support implementation. The impact of using the resource is explored through feedback from practitioners trained to use it and the stories that resulted. Findings A well-constructed resource can support people with a learning disability to express their views on what matters to them at a specific time and raise concerns they may have. The individual views that have emerged from people are varied. This resource enabled them to be genuinely included in planning the steps required to bring about positive change in their lives. Originality/value There is much emphasis on the development of accessible resources in the field of learning disability but little on the actual development process and the context of how resources are introduced. This paper aims to contribute to this knowledge base.

The Relationship of Adaptation and Consistency to Improvement in Stuttering Therapy

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard I. Lanyon
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Partial Support ◽  
Continuous Therapy ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Future Work ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Adaptation

For 33 stutterers of at least average severity, two measures of adaptation and one of consistency were made prior to any therapy at the Iowa Speech Clinic. This study tested the hypothesis that high adaptation and low consistency scores are related to improvement in stuttering therapy. Each measure was correlated with three criteria of improvement (increase in rate of utterance, decrease in frequency of disfluencies, and decrease in judged severity) over a year’s continuous therapy. The hypothesis received partial support, though correlations were too small to be of any clinical significance. One need in future work is to improve the reliability of measurement.

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