scholarly journals Sexual orientation and race mute the prescriptive nature of gender stereotypes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sa-kiera Tiarra Jolynn Hudson ◽  
Asma Ghani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
White Men ◽  
Limited Evidence ◽  
Total N ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Sexual Orientations

There is substantial research on the nature and impact of gender prescriptive stereotypes. However, there has been relatively little work on whether these stereotypes are equally applicable to men and women of different identities. Across two studies (total N = 1074), we assessed gender prescriptive stereotypes intersectionality in an American context, for men and women of different sexual orientations (Study 1) and races (Study 2). Results show strong evidence of a straight-centric bias, as prescriptive stereotypes of men and women most closely aligned with those of straight men and women, but limited evidence for a White-centric bias. Furthermore, observed gender differences in prescriptive stereotypes were smaller or non-existent for sexual and ethnic minority targets compared to straight and White targets, suggesting that theories around the dyadic nature of gender stereotypes between men and women might be restricted to straight and White men and women.

scholarly journals Representación de género en las series españolas de plataformas de streaming=Representation of gender in the Spanish series of streaming platforms

2021 ◽  
pp. 298
Author(s):  
Sara Barrios Rodríguez ◽  
Beatriz González-de-Garay ◽  
María Marcos Ramos
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Content Analysis ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Representation Of Women ◽  
Sexual Orientations

<p align="left"><strong>Resumen</strong></p><p>Este artículo recoge los principales resultados de un estudio realizado siguiendo la técnica del análisis de contenido en las plataformas de <em>streaming</em> sobre un total de 760 personajes (n = 760) de 33 series de <em>Movistar+, HBO, Amazon Prime, Atresplayer Premium y Netflix. </em>El objetivo es determinar si existen diferencias de género en la representación de los personajes, rasgos de personalidad, actitudes, objetivos personales o laborales, tipo de empleo que desempeñan, comportamientos de salud e interacciones sociales. Algunas de las conclusiones fueron la infrarrepresentación de la mujer y las orientaciones no heterosexuales, la perdurabilidad de los estereotipos de género en cuanto a objetivos personales y rasgos de personalidad, y la permanencia de la mujer en determinados puestos laborales.</p><p align="left"><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>This paper carries out a content analysis on streaming platforms of a total of 760 characters (n = 760) from 33 series from <em>Movistar+, HBO, Amazon Prime, Atresplayer Premium </em>and<em> Netflix</em>. The aim is to determine whether there are gender differences between the characters with respect to representation, personality traits, harmful attitudes, personal or work objectives, type of employment, health behaviors and social interactions. Some of the findings were the under-representation of women and non-heterosexual sexual orientations, the persistence of gender stereotypes in terms of goals and personality traits, and the permanency of women in certain types of employment.</p>

The context of choice as boundary condition for gender differences in brand choice considerations

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (5/6) ◽  
pp. 1280-1304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enav Friedmann ◽  
Oded Lowengart
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Latent Variables ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Brand Choice ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Marketers often assume that functional, hedonic and socially conspicuous utilities in choosing a brand differ for men and women, thus different marketing strategies are required for each gender. To date, most of the research studies have used self-reported measures when shopping in general or in regard to a single product. The purpose of this research is to examine this question using two different contexts of brand choice: single choice evaluation (SCE) and brand selection context (BSC). This assessment will clarify whether male and female utilities when choosing a brand are indeed inherent and consistent. Design/methodology/approach Data were collected using surveys in three studies (N = 923). Conjoint analysis and ICLV (integrated choice and latent variables) models were examined. Findings BSC analysis that more closely mimics real-life contexts revealed that the consideration of these utilities is generally similar for men and women, while the SCE analysis showed significant gender differences. Practical implications In the context of choosing between brands, stereotypical gender targeting may be ineffective and might not be the best allocation of resources for marketers. Social implications Gender stereotypes in advertising seem to reconstruct differences that are not significant in a realistic brand selection context. Originality/value The context of choice was found to be a condition boundary for gender differences in brand choice considerations. Gender differences are not evolutionary or inherent.

Perceiving Discrimination: Race, Gender, and Sexual Orientation in the Legal Workplace

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (04) ◽  
pp. 1051-1082
Author(s):  
Robert L. Nelson ◽  
Ioana Sendroiu ◽  
Ronit Dinovitzer ◽  
Meghan Dawe
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
White Women ◽  
Perceived Discrimination ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
White Men ◽  
Social Background ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Self Reports

Using quantitative and qualitative data from a large national sample of lawyers, we examine self-reports of perceived discrimination in the legal workplace. Across three waves of surveys, we find that persons of color, white women, and LGBTQ attorneys are far more likely to perceive they have been a target of discrimination than white men. These differences hold in multivariate models that control for social background, status in the profession and the work organization, and characteristics of the work organization. Qualitative comments describing these experiences reveal that lawyers of different races, genders, and sexual orientations are exposed to distinctive types of bias, that supervisors and clients are the most frequent sources of discriminatory treatment, and the often-overt character of perceived discrimination. These self-reports suggest that bias in the legal workplace is widespread and rooted in the same hierarchies of race, gender, and sexual orientation that pervade society.

Sex/gender differences in interactions between sexual self-schema and monosexual vs. bisexual attractions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tierney Lorenz
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Sexual Attitudes ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Same Sex ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Orientation Identity ◽  
Gender Binary ◽  
Sexual Orientations ◽  
Self Schema

Sexual self-schema (SSS) – the cognitive frameworks that organize information about one’s own sexuality – are known to guide sexual attitudes and behaviors, and are thus likely to interact with the kinds of people to whom one is attracted (i.e., heterosexual, same-sex/gender, monosexual or bisexual patterns of attraction). Extending prior work highlighting differences in SSS between discrete sexual orientation identity groups, we investigated associations between multiple aspects of SSS and attraction patterns among 602 young adults with a range of sexual orientations. Generally, there were more similarities than differences in SSS across individuals with monosexual vs. bisexual patterns of attraction. However, a few significant effects emerged, with significant differences across sex/gender. For women, the greatest differences were seen between romantic self-schema in women with asexual vs. non-asexual patterns of attractions, while women with bisexual attractions were relatively similar to those with monosexual attractions (either exclusively heterosexual or same-sex/gender attracted). For men, however, the greatest differences were seen between open/liberal self-schema in exclusively same-sex/gender attracted men vs. either bisexual or heterosexually attracted men. Broadly, these findings point to subtle sex/gender differences in how bisexual attractions interact with one’s conceptualization of one’s sexual self. Also, a non-trivial portion (22%) of participants reported attractions to gender non-binary people, and these attractions significantly predicted different SSS, suggesting the need to measure attractions outside of the gender binary.

scholarly journals Gender differences in the choice of studies of Hungarian, Slovak and Romanian ethnic minority high school graduates in Serbia

Sociologija ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-86
Author(s):  
Karolina Lendák-Kabók ◽  
Stanislava Popov
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Gender Stereotypes ◽  
Career Choices ◽  
High School Graduates ◽  
Mother Tongue ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Status ◽  
Choice Of Studies

The subject of this research were the gender differences in the choice of studies of Hungarian, Slovak and Romanian ethnic minority members in the AP of Vojvodina. The aim of the paper is to analyze the status and career choices of ethnic minority students, who finish their secondary school in AP Vojvodina in their mother tongue. In order to achieve the aforementioned goal, 2192 students, both male and female, were asked to fill in a formal questionnaire in 16 municipalities in Vojvodina in 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 school years. The results show that around one third of the secondary school students migrates and studies in the nearby EU countries. The research has also shown that gender stereotypes significantly influence the career choices of female students, who usually opt for social sciences, although technical sciences would provide them with a wider range of opportunities in career development.

Race Difference in Auditory Sensitivity

1964 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 389-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Shepherd ◽  
Robert Goldstein ◽  
Benjamin Rosenblüt
Keyword(s):  
White Women ◽  
White Men ◽  
Sensitivity Study ◽  
Auditory Sensitivity ◽  
Race Difference ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Auditory Thresholds ◽  
Békésy Audiometry ◽  
Method Of Adjustment ◽  
Better Than

Two separate studies investigated race and sex differences in normal auditory sensitivity. Study I measured thresholds at 500, 1000, and 2000 cps of 23 white men, 26 white women, 21 negro men, and 24 negro women using the method of limits. In Study II thresholds of 10 white men, 10 white women, 10 negro men, and 10 negro women were measured at 1000 cps using four different stimulus conditions and the method of adjustment by means of Bekesy audiometry. Results indicated that the white men and women in Study I heard significantly better than their negro counterparts at 1000 and 2000 cps. There were no significant differences between the average thresholds measured at 1000 cps of the white and negro men in Study II. White women produced better auditory thresholds with three stimulus conditions and significantly more sensitive thresholds with the slow pulsed stimulus than did the negro women in Study II.

Evidence of sexual orientation and gender differences in mental health outcomes for violent crime victims

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert J. Cramer ◽  
Martha Shumway ◽  
Amanda M. Amacker ◽  
Dale E. McNiel ◽  
Sarah Holley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Violent Crime ◽  
Crime Victims ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
And Gender

Gender differences in airway obstruction in men and women with acromegaly: A longitudinal study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvère Störmann ◽  
Katharina Schilbach ◽  
Felix Amereller ◽  
Angstwurm Matthias W ◽  
Jochen Schopohl
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Airway Obstruction ◽  
Men And Women

Empathy as moderator of gender differences in Chinese insurance agents' business ethical sensitivity

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 1029-1042 ◽  
Author(s):  
Na Zhang ◽  
Jian Zhang ◽  
Jing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Business Ethics ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Ethical Sensitivity ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Insurance Agents ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Ethics Research ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into

To expand the business ethics research field, and to increase society's understanding of Chinese insurance agents' business ethics, we investigated how gender differences are related to agents' business ethical sensitivity and whether or not these relationships are moderated by empathy. Through a regression analysis of the factors associated with the business ethical sensitivity of 417 Chinese insurance agents, we found that gender played an important role in affecting business ethical sensitivity, and empathy significantly affected business ethical sensitivity. Furthermore, empathy had a moderating effect on the relationship between gender and business ethical sensitivity. Both men and women with strong empathy scored high on business ethical sensitivity; however, men with strong empathy had higher levels of business ethical sensitivity than did women with little empathy. The findings add to the literature by providing insight into the mechanisms responsible for the benefits of empathy in increasing business ethical sensitivity.

Relasi Gender dalam Keragaman Qira'at

SUHUF ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Ali Fakhrudin
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Gender Relations ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Many

Knowledge of  qirā’at  until now has only been regarded as under-standing the various methodologies used in reciting the Quran. There has been very little research into analyzing the implications of recitative differences in terms of their purpose, although the many versions of qira’at rightly give rise to differing exegesis. This paper seeks to examine the implication of Qur’anic recitation in those religious verses that concern gender relations. There are many religious verses that address gender differences but this paper only examines verses connected with the opposite sexes shaking hands and permission for women to work outside the home.  This second verse is mentioned because until now there has often been the viewpoint that women ought not work outside the home as long as men and women shake hands at the beginning and end of business matters. For that reason, this paper is very suitable for analysis as a reminder that very rarely is there a person who interprets the Qur’an from an angle of familiarity with various qira’at.

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