scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse Among Polish Adult Population: Prevalence and Abuse Characteristics

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Agnieszka Guziak
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Gender Identities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Abuse Characteristics ◽  
N 93

The present study aimed to consolidate on and expand on existing knowledge on the issue of child sexual abuse (CSA) by identifying the prevalence of and characteristics of CSA among Polish adult population with inclusion of other gender identities and socio-demographic characteristics. A cross-sectional study was performed, using a self-reporting, anonymous, questionnaire. Data were analyzed by frequency/percentages, using SPSS software. A total of 234 individuals of various gender identity (male, female, non-binary, demigirl, agender, gender fluid) participated in the study (Mage = 22.52, SD = 6.65). The results indicate a 39.7% (N = 93) prevalence of CSA in the tested Polish population. Of the total sample, 13.2% knew other 3 or more individuals who suffered from CSA, 14.5% knew other 2 persons, and 26.1% knew one individual. Of the abused participants, 36.5% was of intra- and extrafamilial (51.6%) nature, whilst 11.8% experienced both. The mean age the first abuse occurred was 9.20 (SD = 3.43). The duration of CSA varied: 2 weeks up to 8 years. The most common type of violation was fondling (91.4%) and other sexual activities, excluding penetration (62.4%). All of the CSA victims experienced at least 2 types of sexual violation. The overall prevalence found in the current study was higher than expected, suggesting that victims may currently be more likely to self-report on CSA experiences, as majority of respondents, more than 80%, are in the 18-30 age group. It is suggested that there is a greater need for understating the scale of CSA in Poland and for inclusion of other gender identities in the research on this topic.

scholarly journals Magnitude of Child Sexual Abuse and Its Associated Factors Among High School Female Students in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia. A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Legesse Abera Natae ◽  
Abdulahi Aliye ◽  
Kalbesse Tadesse ◽  
Alemu Guta
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
Dire Dawa

Abstract Background: Child sexual abuse means any kind of sexual contact with a child under the age of 18 years. It is a common and serious public health problem affecting millions of people each year worldwide. It is the most neglected and least documented form of violence in Ethiopia among school girls. So, this study aimed to assess the magnitude and its associated factors among high school female students in Dire Dawa, Eastern Ethiopia.Methods: An institutional-based, cross-sectional study was conducted, March, 1-23/2021. A stratified multistage sampling technique was used for quantitative data and 794 participants from selected high schools were included. A pre-tested, self-administered questionnaire was used, and data were analyzed using SPSS software version 24. For qualitative data, sixteen in-depth interviews and five focus group discussion were conducted and analyzed thematically. Result: The magnitude of at least one form of sexual abuse were 384 (48.9%), of these, 150 (19.1%) were rape. Students who live alone 4.3 times (AOR=4.30;95 % CI: 1.81-10.24), those who lives with their friends 5 times (AOR=5.02: 95% CI: 2.24-11.24), and those who lives with their single parent 3 times (AOR=3.31: 95% CI: 1.23-8.89) more likely experience life time sexual abuse than those living with their both parents. The odds of experiencing life time sexual abuse among students of rural residence were 2 times higher than their urban counter part (AOR=2.1; 95% CI: 1.79-3.45). Students who don’t drink alcohol were 70% more protective than those who drink alcohol (AOR=0.70: 95% CI: 0.28-0.97).Conclusion: This study revealed that the magnitude of child sexual abuse among female students in Dire Dawa is high. Lack of discussion about sexual issue with parents, living without both parents, drinking alcohol, being rural residence had significant association with child sexual abuse. Unwanted pregnancy, abortion, and STIs were the most common reproductive consequences of sexual abuse. So, community-based comprehensive awareness creation on sexual and reproductive health issues, are recommended especially, at rural area.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors for Self-Report Diabetes Mellitus: A Population-Based Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6497
Author(s):  
Isabela Silva Levindo de Siqueira ◽  
Rafael Alves Guimarães ◽  
Samira Nascimento Mamed ◽  
Thays Angélica de Pinho Santos ◽  
Suiany Dias Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Population Based ◽  
National Health Survey ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
West Region

The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors for self-reported diabetes mellitus (DM) in the adult population of the Central-West region of Brazil. In 2013, a cross-sectional study using the data from the National Health Survey and comprising 7519 individuals aged ≥18 years from the Central-West region was conducted. Participants were interviewed at their homes about sociodemographic data and risk factors for DM. To verify the risk factors with DM, the Poisson regression model was used. The analyses were performed for the total sample and stratified according to sex. The prevalence of DM was 6.5% (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 5.7–7.3). The diagnosis of self-reported DM was 4.3% in men and 7.5% in women. In the global sample, it was found that age between 40–59 years and ≥60 years, previous smoking (former smoker), self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity were independently associated with self-reported DM. In men, risk factors were: Age ≥ 60 years, self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, and obesity. In women, risk factors were: Age 30–39 years, 40–59 years, and ≥60 years, previous smoking (former smoker), self-reported hypertension, self-reported dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity. Conclusion: The prevalence of DM was 6.5%. DM was associated with advanced age; previous smoking (former smoker), hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight, and obesity. Some differences in risk factors between men and women were noted.

scholarly journals Severity of Child Sexual Abuse and Revictimization: The Mediating Role of Coping and Trauma Symptoms

2009 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 308-320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle A. Fortier ◽  
David DiLillo ◽  
Terri L. Messman-Moore ◽  
James Peugh ◽  
Kathleen A. DeNardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sexual Coercion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Avoidant Coping ◽  
Trauma Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexual Revictimization ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Modifiable Factors

Child sexual abuse (CSA) has consistently been associated with the use of avoidant coping; these coping methods have been associated with increased trauma symptoms, which have, in turn, been linked to increased risk for adult sexual revictimization. Given these previous findings, the purpose of the current study was to test a model that conceptualized the relationships among these variables. Specifically, CSA severity was conceptualized as leading to the use of avoidant coping, which was proposed to lead to maintenance of trauma symptoms, which would, in turn, impact severity of revictimization indirectly. This comprehensive model was tested in a cross-sectional study of a large, geographically diverse sample of college women. Participants were 99 female undergraduates classified as having experienced CSA who completed measures of abuse history, coping style, current levels of trauma symptoms, and adult sexual revictimization. Multivariate path analysis indicated that the data fit the hypothesized model for verbally coercive, but not physically aggressive, revictimization. Specifically, increased CSA severity was associated with the use of avoidant coping, which, in turn, predicted greater levels of trauma symptomatology and severity of sexual coercion in adulthood. Although cross-sectional in nature, findings from this study suggest that coping strategies and trauma symptoms may represent modifiable factors that place women at increased risk for verbally coercive sexual revictimization.

scholarly journals The association between socio-economic position and diet quality in Australian adults

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Backholer ◽  
Elizabeth Spencer ◽  
Emma Gearon ◽  
Dianna J Magliano ◽  
Sarah A McNaughton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Attainment ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dietary Guideline ◽  
Economic Position

AbstractObjectiveWe aimed to investigate the association between multiple measures of socio-economic position (SEP) and diet quality, using a diet quality index representing current national dietary guidelines, in the Australian adult population.DesignCross-sectional study. Linear regression analyses were used to estimate the association between indicators of SEP (educational attainment, level of income and area-level disadvantage) and diet quality (measured using the Dietary Guideline Index (DGI)) in the total sample and stratified by sex and age (≤55 years and >55 years).SettingA large randomly selected sample of the Australian adult population.SubjectsAustralian adults (n 9296; aged ≥25 years) from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study.ResultsA higher level of educational attainment and income and a lower level of area-level disadvantage were significantly associated with a higher DGI score, across the gradient of SEP. The association between indicators of SEP and DGI score was consistently stronger among those aged ≤55 years compared with their older counterparts. The most disadvantaged group had a DGI score between 2 and 5 units lower (depending on the marker of SEP) compared with the group with the least disadvantage.ConclusionsA higher level of SEP was consistently associated with a higher level of diet quality for all indicators of SEP examined. In order to reduce socio-economic inequalities in diet quality, healthy eating initiatives need to act across the gradient of socio-economic disadvantage with a proportionate focus on those with greater socio-economic disadvantage.

scholarly journals A cross-sectional observational study on child sexual abuse

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 739
Author(s):  
Saradha Kandasamy Perumal ◽  
Sarankumar Sudhakar ◽  
Mithra Sampathkumar
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Sex Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Sexual Offenses ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> A child sexual abuse (CSA) incident never comes into limelight unless it is a rape, probably because it could be an asymptomatic event causing only an emotional trauma or due to fear of revealing. It has been observed that sexually transmitted infections (STI) are in increasing trend among adolescents due to early sexual maturity, increased promiscuity and sexual offenses.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> An observational cross-sectional study was carried out for a group of 774 school children between the age group of 14-17 years using a structured questionnaire to estimate the level of unreported child sexual abuse and sexual awareness. Descriptive statistical analysis was carried out in this study (SPSS 21.0).<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> It was observed that 5.5% of children had been abused among which 37.3 % and 62.7% were males and females respectively. 11.1% and 6.25% were abused in penetrative, 59.25% and 43.75% in non-penetrative forms among female and male victims respectively. Abusers were mainly family and friends (25.5%) followed by strangers (23.2%). 25.3% of unaffected and 27.9% of affected was aware of POSCO law. 88.3% of affected and 62.3% of unaffected rated good and above for the questionnaire.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Unreported and silent victims have to be identified and addressed to prevent crimes and provide a safer environment for children. Implementation of POCSO law at the root level with sex education must be strengthened. Our study concluded that CSA is an extensive problem and even the lowest prevalence includes a huge number of victims who still need to be considered.</p>

scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse among School Children of a Municipality: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (239) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Shrestha ◽  
Swechhya Baskota ◽  
Urusha Karki ◽  
Lisasha Poudel ◽  
Niroj Bhandari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
School Children ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Introduction: Sexual abuse remains a hidden and underreported form of violence against children and a serious public health concern. Although it results in severe mental, physical, and psychological risks with consequences such as depression, fear, and low self-esteem, it is still an unexplored and less prioritized area in Nepal. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse among school children of a municipality. Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted among 405 students, aged below 18 of Mandan-Deupur Municipality, Kavrepalanchowk from April to May 2018. Ethical clearance was taken from Nepal Health Research Council (Ref no 2506). A simple random sampling technique was used to select the schools. Collected data were then entered and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 16. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage. Results: In overall, 64 (15.8%) (12.4-19.7 at 95% Confidence Interval) were found to be sexually abused, where a high prevalence of Child Sexual Abuse was reported for boys 46 (73.43%). Conclusions: According to the findings of this study, child sexual abuse is seen as a significant issue in the place studied. Awareness programs on child sexual abuse should be organized targeting children along with parents and community people.

Prevalence of Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Diseases Among Men and Women in an Arab Gulf Community

1997 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 149-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdulrahman O. Musaiger ◽  
Khaldoon A. Al-Roomi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Fresh Vegetables ◽  
Arab Gulf ◽  
Obesity Hypertension

A cross-sectional study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among the adult population in Bahrain, an Arab Gulf country. A total sample of 516 subjects aged 30–79 years was selected proportionally from all geographical areas of Bahrain. Findings revealed that current smokers represented 32% of men and 20% of women (P<0.001). However, a relatively high percentage of women were exposed to inhalation of other family member tobacco smoking compared to men (29% and 44% among men and women, respectively). Obesity, hypertension and diabetes were highly prevalent and significantly more reported among women than men. Of women, 79.6% were overweight or obese compared to 56% of men. Sedentary lifestyle patterns (Lack of physical exercise and daily watching of television) were also highly reported. About 12.1% of men and 15.7% of women did not consume fresh fruits. The corresponding percentages for fresh vegetables were 8.4% and 5.5%, respectively. The prevalence of well established risk factors for CVD such as smoking, obesity, inactivity, diabetes and hypertension were high and indicates the need for a national health policy to prevent and control the CVD.

scholarly journals Child Sexual Abuse Revisited: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study Among Swiss Adolescents

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 304-311.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meichun Mohler-Kuo ◽  
Markus A. Landolt ◽  
Thomas Maier ◽  
Ursula Meidert ◽  
Verena Schönbucher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
Child Sexual Abuse ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional
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