scholarly journals Exact number concepts are limited to the verbal count list

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Pitt ◽  
Edward Gibson ◽  
Steven T. Piantadosi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Numerical Approximation ◽  
Matching Task ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Single Population ◽  
Number Concepts ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Number Representations

Previous studies suggest that mentally representing exact numbers larger than four depends on a verbal count routine (e.g. “one, two, three...”). However, these findings are controversial, as they rely on comparisons across radically different languages and cultures. We tested the role of language in number concepts within a single population – the Tsimane’ of Bolivia – where knowledge of number words varies across individual adults. We used a novel data analysis model to quantify the point at which participants switched from exact to approximate number representations during a simple numerical matching task. The results show that these behavioral switchpoints were bounded by participants’ verbal count ranges; their representations of exact cardinalities were limited to the number words they could recite. Beyond that range, they resorted to numerical approximation. These findings resolve competing accounts of previous findings and provide unambiguous evidence that large exact number concepts are enabled by language.

scholarly journals Counting and the ontogenetic origins of exact equality

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose M. Schneider ◽  
Erik Brockbank ◽  
Roman Feiman ◽  
David Barner
Keyword(s):  
Matching Task ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Number Concepts ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Number Words ◽  
Exact Number ◽  
Number Systems ◽  
Us Children ◽  
Exact Equality ◽  
Symbolic Number

Humans are unique in their capacity to both represent number exactly and to express these representations symbolically. This correlation has prompted debate regarding whether symbolic number systems are necessary to represent exact number. Previous work addressing this question in innumerate adults and semi-numerate children has been limited by conflicting results and differing methodologies, and has not yielded a clear answer. We address this debate by adapting methods used with innumerate populations (a “set-matching” task) for 3- to 5-year-old US children at varying stages of symbolic number acquisition. In five studies we find that children’s ability to match sets exactly is related not simply to knowing the meanings of a few number words, but also to understanding how counting is used to generate sets (i.e., the cardinal principle). However, while children were more likely to match sets after acquiring the cardinal principle, they nevertheless demonstrated failures, compatible with the hypothesis that the ability to reason about exact equality emerges sometime later. These findings provide important data on the origin of exact number concepts, and point to knowledge of a counting system, rather than number language in general, as a key ingredient in the ability to reason about large exact number.

scholarly journals PERANAN PROMOSI TERHADAP VOLUME PENJUALAN TELUR AYAM RAS PADA PASAR SWALAYAN DI KOTA MANADO

ZOOTEC ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 436
Author(s):  
Arlan Asdinur ◽  
J Pandey . ◽  
A Makalew , ◽  
E S Tangkere
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Sales Promotion ◽  
Sales Volume ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
One Year

THE ROLE OF PROMOTION ON THE SALE OF CHICKEN RACE EGGS IN THE SUPERMARKETS OF MANADO CITY.This research has been conducted in the supermarkets of Manado City. The res of this research is to what extent promotion plays a role in the sales volume of chicken race eggs in the Supermarkets of Manado. The purposes of this research are to know which promotional tools are used in Supermarkets of Manado and to know the role of promotion to the sales volume of chicken race eggs in Supermarkets of Manado. Sample determination is done by Purposive Sampling. The sampling criteria of this research are : The supermarkets that sell chicken race eggs and the Supermarkets that have sold chicken race eggs for one year. The random sampling to 21 Supermarkets as the respondent from 121 supermarket total in Manado City. The data of research will be tabulated and analyzed. Data analysis model using descriptive analysis approach to study the role of promotions to the sales volume of chicken race eggs.From the research result obtained that the tools of promotions that used on sales proccess of chicken race eggs in Supermarkets of Manado spesifically is packaging with the price and discount. From the data of research shows that the Supermarkets which not used sales promotion precisely the price is higher and the sales volume is very low. While the supermarkets that used the promotions, the price is lower and the sales volume is extremelly high. The sale of Chicken race eggs in Supermarkets of Manado, promotion tools become one of marketing strategy that increasing the sales volume. From the researh result conducted shows that more eggs sold when using the promotional tools. This is because the suppliers and supermarkets want to maintain their name, so that the quality must be maintained and the supermarkets already using the brand or mark, such as Telur Segar and Cap Manguni.Keywords : Promotion, Supermarket, Sales volume, Chicken egg race

scholarly journals Peran Badan Usaha Milik Desa (Bumdes) Dalam Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Masyarakat Di Desa Mas-Mas Kecamatan Batukliang Utara Kabupaten Lombok Tengah

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-242
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zainul Majdi ◽  
Susilawati Susilawati ◽  
Farhana Muhammad ◽  
Nurhastuti Nurhastusti
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Data Reduction ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Economic Empowerment ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Data Presentation ◽  
Interactive Analysis ◽  
Using Data

This study aims to know the role of Village-Owned Enterprises (BUMDES) in society economic empowerment at Mas-mas Village, Batukliang Utara District, and Central Lombok Regency. This study was descriptive qualitative approach. The study was conducted from June to July at Mas-Mas Village, Batukliang Utara, and Central Lombok. The data collection techniques used interview, documentation, and observation with study subjects, namely the Head of Village, BUMDES management and some society of Mas-mas. The researcher used techniques of source triangulation. Data analysis in this study uses an interactive analysis model that is analysis using data reduction, data presentation, and verification and conclusions. The results of this study indicated that the role of BUMDES Lintang Mas had not been maximized in society economic empowerment at society of Mas-mas Village; it can be seen from the types of businesses run by BUMDES. In addition, the level of society participation was still low.

Sasak People’s Resistance Against Mataram-Karangasem and Dutch Colonial Rulers: The Role of Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-90
Author(s):  
Ahmad Tohri ◽  
H. Habibuddin ◽  
Abdul Rasyad
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Historical Method ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
Historical Methods ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Dutch Colonial ◽  
Dutch Colonialism

This article discusses the Sasak people’s resistance against MataramKarangasem and Dutch colonial rulers in the 19th century in Lombok, Indonesia. It particularly focuses on Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu and his central role in the emergence of Sasak people’s resistance which transformed into Sasak physical revolution local and global imperialismcolonialism. Using the historical method, this article collected data through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data analysis involved the historical methods of heuristics, verification or criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The findings show that Sasak people’s resistance was not only caused by economic factors but also related to other factors such as social, cultural, and religious ones. Tuan Guru Umar Kelayu played a key role in the Sasak people’s resistance in that it was under his leadership and influence that the resistance transformed into a physical struggle against MataramKarangasem and Dutch colonialism as seen in Sakra War and Praya War which were led by his students and friends.

Minangkabau Language Maintenance by the Association of Sei Jaring Community in Medan

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yenita Uswar ◽  
Amrin Saragih ◽  
Tina Mariany Arifin
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Young Generation ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
The Third ◽  
Danger Level

The objectives of this qualitative research were (1) to identify the factors that affect the Minangkabau language (ML) maintenance in Medan, (2) to discover the parents’ efforts in maintaining ML in Medan and (3) to find out the reason why the speakers have to maintain ML. The souree of data is the nembers of the Association of Sei Jaring Community (Ikatan Warga Sei Jaring: IWS) in Medan. The sample was 10 families including 10 parents and their children. The instruments of this study are a questionnaire and an interview. The questionnaire was used to answer the factors affected the maintenance of ML and how factors affected the maintenance of ML. The interview was used to discover the influence why Minangkabau’s people have to maintain ML. There are four factors in ML maintenance, the parents’ role, the role of family, the intramarriage and homeland visits. After distributing questionnaire and did some interviews it is found that IWS especially for the third generation (children) has the danger level in ML when they communicate to each other. Meanwhile, the data analysis also shows that both fathers and mothers communicate to each other with ML. This condition occurred because of the influence of the environment. Parents have to keep communication and teaching Minangkabau language continuously to their children. so, the young generation can keep the existence of ML for their future. Keywords: Minangkabau Language Maintenance, parents’ efforts, the young generation.

The Influence of Leadership on the Transfer of Knowledge and Work Effectivity at Secretariat Office in Boven Digoel Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Yoseph Awunim ◽  
Abdul Rahman Kadir ◽  
Mahlia Muis
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Path Analysis ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Direct Impact ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Work Effectiveness ◽  
Statistical Results ◽  
Path Analysis Model

The research objective is to analyze the direct impact of leadership toward transfer knowledge and work effectiveness in Boven Digoel. Data analysis in this research is quantitative using a path analysis model (path analysis) with the help of Smart PLS Software version 3.2 .8. The research distributed questionnaires to 89 respondents of officers assigned at the secretariat office in Boven Digoel Regency. On the basis of statistical results, it was found that leadership can be said to have impacted positively and significant knowledge transfer and work effectiveness. The knowledge transfer also has a positive impact on work effectiveness.

Peranan Ketua Pengurus dan Manajer Dalam Penyusunan dan Penerapan Laporan Keuangan Berbasis SAK ETAP Pada Koperasi di Kota Palembang

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Riza Syahputera ◽  
Martha Rianty
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Significant Positive Effect ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Regression Test ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The City ◽  
Positive Effect

AbstractThis study aims to determine the effect of the role of the Chairperson and Cooperative Manager in the preparation and application of Financial Statements based on SAK ETAP in cooperatives in the city of Palembang. This research is a quantitative study using data obtained from questionnaires and measured using a Likert scale. The sampling technique used is purposive sampling. The sample used in this study was the Chairperson of the cooperative and the manager of the cooperative in the city of Palembang. The cooperatives studied were 203 cooperatives. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression test. The results showed that the role of cooperative leaders and managers had a significant positive effect on the preparation and application of SAK ETAP-based financial statements.Keywords : chairman, manager, SAK ETAP, cooperative

Kebijakan Badan Narkotika Nasional Dalam Penanggulangan Narkoba Wilayah Perbatasan

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-31
Author(s):  
Novana Veronica Julenta Kareth ◽  
Reni Shintasari
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Qualitative Descriptive ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Collection Methods

This paper aims to determine the policies implemented by the Papua National Narcotics Agency against drug trafficking. This article is a qualitative descriptive study. Data collection methods through interviews and literature study. Data analysis using descriptive analysis model. The results showed that the role of BNN Papua is very central in the eastern region and the Indonesian border. The policies that have been planned by BNN with multi-stakeholder have been implemented, but the new modes adopted by the international network vary. The drug subscription policy cannot be carried out by one institution only, it needs to be supported by other government agencies and the community. The need for a serious role for the regional and central government in both preventive efforts and subscription programs in synergy with the Papua Provincial BNN.

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