scholarly journals Metascience as a scientific social movement

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Peterson ◽  
Aaron Panofsky
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Big Science ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Science Governance

Emerging out of the “reproducibility crisis” in science, metascientists have become central players in debates about research integrity, scholarly communication, and science policy. The goal of this article is to introduce metascience to STS scholars, detail the scientific ideology that is apparent in its articles, strategy statements, and research projects, and discuss its institutional and intellectual future. Put simply, metascience is a scientific social movement that seeks to use the tools of science- especially, quantification and experimentation- to diagnose problems in research practice and improve efficiency. It draws together data scientists, experimental and statistical methodologists, and open science activists into a project with both intellectual and policy dimensions. Metascientists have been remarkably successful at winning grants, motivating news coverage, and changing policies at science agencies, journals, and universities. Moreover, metascience represents the apotheosis of several trends in research practice, scientific communication, and science governance including increased attention to methodological and statistical criticism of scientific practice, the promotion of “open science” by science funders and journals, the growing importance of both preprint and data repositories for scientific communication, and the new prominence of data scientists as research makes a turn toward Big Science.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Special JeSLIB Issue on Data Curation in Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Hudson Vitale ◽  
Jake R. Carlson ◽  
Hannah Hadley ◽  
Lisa Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Research Integrity ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Curation ◽  
Research Projects ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Potential Impact

Research data curation is a set of scientific communication processes and activities that support the ethical reuse of research data and uphold research integrity. Data curators act as key collaborators with researchers to enrich the scholarly value and potential impact of their data through preparing it to be shared with others and preserved for the long term. This special issues focuses on practical data curation workflows and tools that have been developed and implemented within data repositories, scholarly societies, research projects, and academic institutions.

scholarly journals Open, transparent and honest – the way we practice research

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Bertil Fabricius Dorch
Keyword(s):  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Research Integrity ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Responsible Conduct Of Research ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
Responsible Conduct ◽  
Good Research Practice ◽  
Good Research

<p>This paper makes the case for Open Science as a means to support and practice Responsible Conduct of Research. Responsible and ethical research practices imply research integrity in terms of transparency, honesty and accountability in all parts of research, being it when attaining funding for research, collecting and analyzing research data, collaborating on research, performing scholarly communication, e.g. authoring and disseminating research etc. Likewise, the topics normally associated with Open Science directly support responsible conduct and in fact, one can argue that Open Science is a ubiquitous prerequisite for good research practice.</p>

scholarly journals Avaliação de repositórios de dados de pesquisa segundo critérios da Encontrabilidade da Informação | Evaluation of research data repositories according to Information Findability criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Alves Sanchez ◽  
Fernando Luiz Vechiato
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Information Architecture ◽  
Data Repository ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Data Search ◽  
Search Data

RESUMO A busca por melhorias nos processos de partilha, uso e reuso de dados de pesquisa, cresce exponencialmente graças as transformações tecnológicas. O artigo aborda discussões sobre a ampliação da comunicação e colaboração científica, em especial, a partilha das produções científicas não tradicionais, realizada por meio dos repositórios de dados de pesquisa. Trata-se de metodologia exploratória de abordagem qualitativa para correlacionar os atributos de Encontrabilidade da Informação com os sistemas da Arquitetura da Informação, nesse tipo de ambiente. Os resultados apontam a relevância dos referidos estudos teórico-práticos na implementação e avaliação dos repositórios.Palavras-chave: Ciência Aberta; Dados de Pesquisa; Repositório de Dados de Pesquisa; Encontrabilidade da Informação; Arquitetura da Informação.ABSTRACT The search for improvements in the processes of sharing, use and reuse of research data, grows exponentially thanks to technological transformations. The article approaches discussions on the expansion of scientific communication and collaboration, in special, the sharing of non-traditional scientific productions, carried out through research data repositories. It is an exploratory methodology of qualitative approach to correlate the attributes of Information Findability with the Information Architecture systems, in this type of environment. The results point out the relevance of these theoretical-practical studies in the implementation and evaluation of the repositories.Keywords: Open Science; Search Data; Search Data Repository; Information Findability; Information Architecture.

Descubrir, leer, publicar, compartir y monitorizar el progreso: comportamiento de los investigadores junior españoles

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blanca Rodríguez-Bravo ◽  
David Nicholas
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Scientific Communication ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
International Survey ◽  
New Wave ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Acceso Abierto ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Communication Habits

The scientific communication habits and practices of the new wave of Spanish researchers are analyzed based on the results of an international survey (2019). The results obtained from 100 participants support those previously obtained from interviews conducted between 2016 and 2018 in Spain under the Harbingers Project, and show similarities to and differences from those collected from the mentioned survey in other countries covered by the Project in its second phase. Spanish researchers have two contradictory faces: They are innovative in their perceptions but slightly less so in their practices regarding open access and the use of social media. However, these new attitudes and habits are motivated by a desire to promote their own work and gain recognition; In this sense, they are conservative. The competition in which they are immersed regarding the achievement of tenure and, therefore, the need to focus on their abilities that will be evaluated represent a limitation on enjoying the learning process and dedicating themselves to the practices of open science to which their generation is naturally prone. Resumen Se analizan los hábitos y prácticas de comunicación científica de la nueva ola de investigadores españoles a partir de los resultados de una encuesta de ámbito internacional (2019). Los resultados de un centenar de contribuciones confirman los obtenidos previamente en entrevistas realizadas entre 2016 y 2018 en España en el marco del Proyecto Harbingers, y ponen de manifiesto similitudes y diferencias con los resultados obtenidos de la encuesta mencionada en otros países cubiertos por el Proyecto en su segunda fase. Los investigadores españoles presentan dos caras contradictorias: Son innovadores en sus percepciones aunque no tanto en sus prácticas relativas al acceso abierto y al uso de las redes sociales. Sin embargo, sus actitudes y hábitos nuevos no son desinteresados, están motivados por promocionar el trabajo propio y conseguir el reconocimiento. En este sentido, se muestran conservadores. La competición en que se encuentran inmersos para conseguir un trabajo estable y, por tanto, la necesidad de focalizarse en los méritos que les van a ser evaluados les limita para poder disfrutar del proceso de aprendizaje y dedicarse a las prácticas de ciencia abierta a las que su generación se muestra proclive de forma natural.

Welcome to the Party

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadijah Costley White
Keyword(s):  
Social Movement ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
News Media ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
Tea Party ◽  
Audience Appeal

This chapter lays out the Tea Party’s history as a mass-mediated construction in the context of journalism, political communication, and social movement studies. It argues that the news coverage of the Tea Party primarily chronicled its meaning, appeal, motivations, influence, and circulation—an emphasis on its persona more than its policies. In particular, the news media tracked the Tea Party as a brand, highlighting its profits, marketability, brand leaders, and audience appeal. The Tea Party became a brand through news media coverage; in defining it as a brand, the Tea Party was a story, message, and cognitive shortcut that built a lasting relationship with citizen-consumers through strong emotional connections, self-expression, consumption, and differentiation.

A Call to Develop Standards for Those Delivering ‘Research Practice’ Training

2021 ◽  
Vol 03 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Kingsley
Keyword(s):  
Information Science ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Core Competencies ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Research Practice ◽  
The North

The nature of the research endeavour is changing rapidly and requires a wide set of skills beyond the research focus. The delivery of aspects of researcher training ‘beyond the bench’ is met by different sections of an institution, including the research office, the media office and the library. In Australia researcher training in open access, research data management and other aspects of open science is primarily offered by librarians. But what training do librarians receive in scholarly communication within their librarianship degrees? For a degree to be offered in librarianship and information science, it must be accredited by the Australian Library and Information Association (ALIA), with a curriculum that is based on ALIA’s lists of skills and attributes. However, these lists do not contain any reference to key open research terms and are almost mutually exclusive with core competencies in scholarly communication as identified by the North American Serials Interest Group and an international Joint Task Force. Over the past decade teaching by academics in universities has been professionalised with courses and qualifications. Those responsible for researcher training within universities and the material that is being offered should also meet an agreed accreditation. This paper is arguing that there is a clear need to develop parallel standards around ‘research practice’ training for PhD students and Early Career Researchers, and those delivering this training should be able to demonstrate their skills against these standards. Models to begin developing accreditation standards are starting to emerge, with the recent launch of the Centre for Academic Research Quality and Improvement in the UK. There are multiple organisations, both grassroots and long-established that would be able to contribute to this project.

scholarly journals Integrating open science in the teaching of cognitive research methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph S. Redden ◽  
Colin R McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Undergraduate Research ◽  
Scientific Practice ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Methods Course ◽  
Replication Experiment ◽  
Successful Replication ◽  
Oral Presentations

Openness, transparency, and reproducibility are widely accepted as fundamental aspects of scientific practice. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that these features are not readily adopted in the daily practice of most scientists. The Centre for Open Science has been championing efforts for systemic change in the scientific process, with newly adopted practices such as preregistration and open sharing of data and experimental materials. In an effort to inculcate these practices early in training, we have integrated several key components of open science practice into an undergraduate research methods course in the cognitive sciences. Students were divided into four research teams, each with the goal of carrying out a replication experiment related to the study of attention; specifically, temporal orienting, alertness, prior entry, and the attentional blink. Teams completed a preregistration exercise, and importantly, were encouraged to consider a priori the criteria for a successful replication. They were also required to collect and analyze data, prepare manuscripts, and disseminate their findings in poster symposia and oral presentations. All project materials can be found at https://osf.io/gxkfq/. Critical appraisal of the goals and implementation of the course are discussed.

Molecular Structure Determination on the Grid

2012 ◽  
pp. 862-880
Author(s):  
Russ Miller ◽  
Charles Weeks
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
New York ◽  
Data Storage ◽  
New York State ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Distributed Resources ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Computational Resources ◽  
Open Science Grid

Grids represent an emerging technology that allows geographically- and organizationally-distributed resources (e.g., computer systems, data repositories, sensors, imaging systems, and so forth) to be linked in a fashion that is transparent to the user. The New York State Grid (NYS Grid) is an integrated computational and data grid that provides access to a wide variety of resources to users from around the world. NYS Grid can be accessed via a Web portal, where the users have access to their data sets and applications, but do not need to be made aware of the details of the data storage or computational devices that are specifically employed in solving their problems. Grid-enabled versions of the SnB and BnP programs, which implement the Shake-and-Bake method of molecular structure (SnB) and substructure (BnP) determination, respectively, have been deployed on NYS Grid. Further, through the Grid Portal, SnB has been run simultaneously on all computational resources on NYS Grid as well as on more than 1100 of the over 3000 processors available through the Open Science Grid.

scholarly journals Openness in Big Data and Data Repositories

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vicki Xafis ◽  
Markus K. Labude
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Ethics Framework ◽  
Full Explanation ◽  
Health Related Research ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Privacy And Confidentiality

Abstract There is a growing expectation, or even requirement, for researchers to deposit a variety of research data in data repositories as a condition of funding or publication. This expectation recognizes the enormous benefits of data collected and created for research purposes being made available for secondary uses, as open science gains increasing support. This is particularly so in the context of big data, especially where health data is involved. There are, however, also challenges relating to the collection, storage, and re-use of research data. This paper gives a brief overview of the landscape of data sharing via data repositories and discusses some of the key ethical issues raised by the sharing of health-related research data, including expectations of privacy and confidentiality, the transparency of repository governance structures, access restrictions, as well as data ownership and the fair attribution of credit. To consider these issues and the values that are pertinent, the paper applies the deliberative balancing approach articulated in the Ethics Framework for Big Data in Health and Research (Xafis et al. 2019) to the domain of Openness in Big Data and Data Repositories. Please refer to that article for more information on how this framework is to be used, including a full explanation of the key values involved and the balancing approach used in the case study at the end.

Community Built Infrastructure: The Dataverse Project

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danny Brooke
Keyword(s):  
Large Data ◽  
Open Science ◽  
Harvard University ◽  
Geospatial Data ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Data Repositories ◽  
Data Support ◽  
The World ◽  
Development Approach ◽  
Hybrid Development

&lt;p&gt;For more than a decade, the Dataverse Project (dataverse.org) has provided an open-source platform used to build data repositories around the world. Core to its success is its hybrid development approach, which pairs a core team based at the Institute for Quantitative Social Science at Harvard University with an empowered, worldwide community contributing code, documentation, and other efforts towards open science. In addition to an overview of the platform and how to join the community, we&amp;#8217;ll discuss recent and future efforts towards large data support, geospatial data integrations, sensitive data support, integrations with reproducibility tools, access to computation resources, and many other useful features for researchers, journals, and institutions.&amp;#160;&lt;/p&gt;

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