scholarly journals Relationship quality among younger and middle-aged siblings: the role of childhood family arrangements

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti O Tanskanen ◽  
Mirkka Danielsbacka ◽  
Anna Rotkirch
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Emotional Closeness ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
The Life Course

Sibling relationships are the social bonds with longest duration across the life course. Using a large and population-based data of younger and middle-aged Finns, we test how childhood co-residence duration and maternal perinatal association (MPA) correlate with contact frequency, emotional closeness and provision of help between adult siblings. Employing sibling fixed-effect models we find that duration of co-residence in childhood and MPA are indeed associated with increased relationship quality in all three measures. Provided MPA, sibling relationship quality is high independent of co-residence length, but in the absence of MPA, increased co-residence duration is associated with better relationship quality. Co-residence duration is more strongly associated with provision of help in same-gender than opposite-gender sibling dyads. Full siblings report better relationship quality than half siblings do, although the co-residence duration mediates the effect of genetic relatedness in emotional closeness between full and maternal half siblings and in provision of help between full and paternal half siblings. Moreover, MPA serves as a mediator in the case of contact frequency and emotional closeness between full and maternal half siblings. These findings are discussed with reference to key theories of kin detection.

scholarly journals Birth order and relationship quality between adult children and parents

2020 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 53-61
Author(s):  
Antti O. Tanskanen ◽  
Mirkka Danielsbacka
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Birth Order ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Emotional Closeness ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Children And Parents ◽  
Contact Frequency ◽  
Scale Population

The neglected middleborn hypothesis predicts that middleborn children should have a worse relationship quality with their parents compared to firstborn and lastborn children. However, prior studies investigating this question have produced mixed results. In this study, the neglected middleborn hypothesis was tested using a large-scale, population-based sample of younger adults from Germany. Relationship quality was measured by contact frequency, emotional closeness, intimacy and amount of conflict participants reported towards their mothers and their fathers. It was found that middleborns reported less intimacy towards their mothers than lastborns. However, in all other cases, middleborns did not differ from firstborns or lastborns in their relationship quality with their mothers and fathers. Thus, the study did not find convincing support for the neglected middleborn effect.

scholarly journals The Pivotal Role of Women in Informal Care

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1348-1378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piet Bracke ◽  
Wendy Christiaens ◽  
Naomi Wauterickx
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Life Course

Supporting and caring for each other are crucial parts of the social tissue that binds people together. In these networks, men and women hold different positions: Women more often care more for others, listen more to the problems of others, and, as kin keepers, hold families together. Is this true for all life stages? And are social conditions, among other things bound to the organization of work and family, an essential explanation of these differences? Data from the sixth wave (1997) of the Panel Study of Belgian Households allow us to answer these questions. The results show that women are the glue holding social relations together. They play a central role as friends, daughters, sisters, mothers, and grandmothers throughout all stages of the life course. Similar life commitments do not reduce these gender differences but instead emphasize them even further.

Schooling in the Course of Human Lives: The Social Context of Education and the Transition to Adulthood in Industrial Society

1993 ◽  
Vol 63 (4) ◽  
pp. 409-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron M. Pallas
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
The United States ◽  
Institutional Arrangements ◽  
Industrial Society ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Cross National

This review examines the role of schooling in the life course of individuals, focusing on the timing and sequencing of schooling in the transition to adulthood. First, I examine conceptual issues in the study of schooling and the life course, drawing heavily on the sociological literature. I then consider the timing and sequencing of schooling in the transition to adulthood in the United States, and the consequences of variations in the timing and sequencing of schooling for adult social and economic success. I then discuss the role of social structure, norms, and institutional arrangements in the transition to adulthood, with special attention to cross-national comparisons with the U. S. and historical changes within countries. I conclude with speculations regarding trends in the role of schooling in the life course, and some directions for future research on this topic.

scholarly journals Examining the Role of Communication on Sibling Relationship Quality and Interaction for Sibling Pairs With and Without a Developmental Disability

2013 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 394-409 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashlyn L. Smith ◽  
MaryAnn Romski ◽  
Rose A. Sevcik
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Developmental Disability ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Interaction Patterns ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Sibling Relationship Quality ◽  
Sibling Pairs ◽  
Managing Behaviors

Abstract This study examined communication interaction patterns when one sibling had a developmental disability as well as the role of communication skills in sibling relationship quality. Thirty sibling dyads were categorized into one of three communication status groups: emerging, context-dependent, and independent communicators. Independent communicators and their siblings did not differ in terms of syntactic complexity but typically developing siblings dominated the interaction and exhibited greater lexical diversity regardless of communication status. Communication status did not impact the warmth/closeness, rivalry, or conflict in the sibling relationship, but siblings of independent communicators engaged in the greatest amount of helping and managing behaviors. These results represent a first step in understanding the role of communication skills in the sibling relationship for families of children with disabilities.

scholarly journals Emotional bookkeeping and differentiated affiliative relationships: Exploring the role of dynamics and speed in updating relationship quality in the EMO-model

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. e0249519
Author(s):  
Tonko W. Zijlstra ◽  
Han de Vries ◽  
Elisabeth H. M. Sterck
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Relationship Strength ◽  
The Social ◽  
Group Members ◽  
Internal Relationship ◽  
Emotional Effects

Emotional bookkeeping is the process by which primates integrate the emotional effects of social interactions to form internal representations of their affiliative relationships. The dynamics and speed of this process, which comprises the formation, maintenance and fading out of affiliative relationships, are not clear. Empirical data suggest that affiliative relationships are slowly formed and do not easily fade out. The EMO-model, an agent-based model designed to simulate the social life of primates capable of emotional bookkeeping, was used to explore the effects of different types of internal relationship dynamics and speeds of increase and decrease of relationship strength. In the original EMO-model the internal dynamics involves a fast built-up of a relationship independent of its current quality, alongside a relatively fast fading out of relationship quality. Here we explore the effect of this original dynamics and an alternative dynamics more in line with empirical data, in combination with different speeds of internal relationship quality increase and decrease, on the differentiation and stability of affiliative relationships. The alternative dynamics leads to more differentiated and stable affiliative relationships than the original dynamics, especially when the speed with which internal relationship quality increases is low and the speed with which it decreases is intermediate. Consequently, individuals can groom different group members with varying frequency and support a rich social life with stable preferred partners and attention to several others. In conclusion, differentiated and stable affiliative relationships are especially formed when friends are not made too quickly and not forgotten too easily.

scholarly journals Associations Between Sibling Relationship Quality and Friendship Quality in Early Adolescence: Looking at the Case of Twins

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Bekkhus ◽  
Mara Brendgen ◽  
Nikolai O. Czajkowski ◽  
Frank Vitaro ◽  
Ginette Dionne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Friendship Quality ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Sibling Relationship Quality ◽  
Best Friend ◽  
Friendship Relations ◽  
Mz Twins ◽  
The Relationship

Bidirectional pathways between twin relationship quality and friendship quality were investigated in a large longitudinal twin cohort. We examined negative and positive relationship features in 313 monozygotic (MZ) twins and 238 same-sex dizygotic (DZ) twins from ages 13 to 14 years, using latent structural modeling. Results showed stronger stability of the twin relationship quality compared to friendship quality. Positive features in the sibling relationship were associated with increased positive features in the relationship with the best friend a year later. In contrast, no significant association between negative sibling relationship features and change in negative friendship quality features was found. These findings speak to the important role of the sibling relationship in the development of good quality friendship relations in twins.

“Brothers in Arms”: Secondary Traumatization and Sibling Relationship Quality Among Siblings of Combat Veterans

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093636
Author(s):  
Gadi Zerach ◽  
Avidan Milevsky
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Quality ◽  
Military Service ◽  
Combat Veterans ◽  
Sibling Relationship ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Secondary Traumatization ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sibling Relationship Quality ◽  
General Distress

The aversive impact of exposure to combat and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on family members has been examined mainly among veterans’ partners and offspring. No study has examined secondary traumatization in veterans’ siblings and the role of relationship quality in these links. The present study aimed to assess secondary PTSD symptoms (PTSS) and general distress among siblings of combat veterans, and the role of sibling relationship quality in the association between veterans’ exposure to combat and PTSS and sibling secondary PTSS. A sample of 106 adult dyads of Israeli combat veterans and their closest in age siblings responded to self-report questionnaires in a cross-sectional study design. The rates of sibling secondary PTSS and general distress were relatively low. However, veterans’ exposure to combat and PTSS were positively related to siblings’ secondary PTSS. Importantly, veterans’ PTSS mediated the association between veterans’ exposure to combat and siblings’ secondary PTSS, only among sibling dyads with high levels of warmth and low levels of conflict in their relationship. Furthermore, the inclusion of siblings general distress contributed to heightened sibling secondary PTSS, but only the warmth dimension moderated the link between veterans’ PTSS and siblings’ secondary PTSS. Findings suggest that veterans’ PTSS is implicated in their siblings’ secondary PTSS. Veterans’ PTSS might also serve as a possible mechanism for the links between exposure to combat and siblings’ secondary PTSS. Moreover, relationship quality with a sibling veteran might take a toll in the form of siblings’ secondary PTSS following veteran military service.

scholarly journals Environment and Obesity in the National Children's Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Trasande ◽  
Chris Cronk ◽  
Maureen Durkin ◽  
Marianne Weiss ◽  
Dale Schoeller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Obesity Epidemic ◽  
Chemical Exposures ◽  
Life Course Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Life Course ◽  
Sufficient Statistical Power

We describe the approach taken by the National Children's Study (NCS) to understanding the role of environmental factors in the development of obesity. We review the literature with regard to the two core hypotheses in the NCS that relate to environmental origins of obesity and describe strategies that will be used to test each hypothesis. Although it is clear that obesity in an individual results from an imbalance between energy intake and expenditure, control of the obesity epidemic will require understanding of factors in the modern built environment and chemical exposures that may have the capacity to disrupt the link between energy intake and expenditure. Through its embrace of the life-course approach to epidemiology, the NCS will be able to study the origins of obesity from preconception through late adolescence, including factors ranging from genetic inheritance to individual behaviors to the social, built, and natural environment and chemical exposures. It will have sufficient statistical power to examine interactions among these multiple influences, including geneenvironment and geneobesity interactions. A major secondary benefit will derive from the banking of specimens for future analysis.

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