scholarly journals Are hedonia and eudaimonia higher on vacation than at home? Initial empirical evidence and a toolbox for future research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Csilla Demeter ◽  
Sarah MacInnes ◽  
Sara Dolnicar
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Single Item ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
The Core ◽  
Motivation Orientation ◽  
Home Context ◽  
State Motivation ◽  
At Home

Vacations are assumed to be characterised by enjoyment. More specifically, the level of enjoyment on vacation is assumed to be substantially higher than that of a normal day at home. Yet, this assumption has never been empirically tested. This study provides initial empirical evidence for the fact that all enjoyment-related constructs at the core of positive psychology (hedonic trait and state motivation/orientation and experience, and eudaimonic trait and state motivation/orientation and experience) are significantly higher on vacation than in the normal, everyday home context. To arrive at these empirical findings, the study also introduces to tourism research a conceptual framework that unambiguously defines the most commonly used eudaimonic and hedonic constructs and develops and empirically assesses appropriate single-item measures.

scholarly journals HABIT DRIVES SUSTAINABLE TOURIST BEHAVIOUR

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah MacInnes ◽  
Bettina Grün ◽  
Sara Dolnicar
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
The Core ◽  
Values And Beliefs ◽  
Tourist Behaviour ◽  
Environmental Behaviours ◽  
At Home

Ample empirical evidence in tourism research points to the fact that the environmentally sustainable behaviour of tourists is not driven by the same factors as the same behaviour at home. Most critically, values and beliefs do not manifest in behaviour to the same degree when people are on vacation. In this study we introduce habit as a potential driver of environmentally sustainable behaviour on vacation. We propose that tourists have a higher likelihood of displaying pro-environmental behaviours on vacation when such behaviours are a habit; an automatic behaviour occurring without awareness. We develop a conceptual model with habit at the core and provide initial empirical proof of concept.

scholarly journals What Shall We Do About Grit? A Critical Review of What We Know and What We Don’t Know

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 606-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus Credé
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Good Predictor ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Educational Setting ◽  
The Core ◽  
Predictor Of Success ◽  
And Performance

Grit is a construct that is widely studied by educational researchers and that has generally been enthusiastically received by educational practitioners. This essay highlights that many of the core claims about grit have either been unexamined or are directly contradicted by the accumulated empirical evidence. Specifically, there appears to be no reason to accept the combination of perseverance and passion for long-term goals into a single grit construct, nor is there any support for the claim that grit is a particularly good predictor of success and performance in an educational setting or that grit is likely to be responsive to interventions. I describe avenues for future research on grit that may help to clarify if grit can contribute to our understanding of success and performance. These avenues include examinations of possible configural relationships between passion and perseverance, whether grit or grit facets represent necessary but not sufficient conditions for performance, interactions between ability and either grit or the facets of grit in the prediction of performance, possible polynomial relationships between grit or grit facets and performance, and improvements in the manner in which grit is assessed. Alternative predictors of performance that are more strongly related to success and performance and that may be more responsive to interventions are also discussed.

scholarly journals Context of learning and second language development of Spanish vowels

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avizia Y. Long ◽  
Megan Solon ◽  
Silvina Bongiovanni
Keyword(s):  
Future Research ◽  
Vowel Duration ◽  
Vowel Quality ◽  
Home Group ◽  
Second Language Development ◽  
Studying Abroad ◽  
Home Context ◽  
Context Of Learning ◽  
Study Abroad Program ◽  
At Home

Abstract The present study explored development in Spanish vowel production during a short-term study abroad program. The production patterns of a group of learners studying abroad in a 4-week program in the Dominican Republic were compared in terms of overall vowel quality, tendency to diphthongize /e/ and /o/, and vowel duration to those of a similar group of learners studying in the at-home context. Results revealed no significant changes or differences between groups in vowel quality or diphthongization, but a significant improvement (i.e., reduction) in vowel duration for /a/, /o/, and /u/ for the at-home group only. Findings are discussed in relation to previous research, and areas for future research are outlined.

scholarly journals Treatment of psychopathy: a conceptual and empirical review

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Early Intervention ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Psychopathic Traits ◽  
Personality Pathology ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Core ◽  
Effective Interventions

Purpose For decades, psychopathy has been thought to be untreatable. Yet, conceptualisations, and indeed its assessment, have deviated away from viewing the disorder as personality pathology towards a behavioural focus where the core underlying deficits in cognition and affect have been ignored. Interventions have followed suit leading to a premature discounting of the role of therapy in adjusting psychopathic traits. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach The review critically evaluates the conceptual and empirical evidence relevant to the treatment of psychopathy, deciphering components integral to the disorder that require intervention. Psychopathy is approached from a developmental perspective, with the review identifying several mechanisms thought to be responsible for precipitating and perpetuating its expression. Findings There appears some utility in targeting psychopathy from multiple angles, addressing experiences of trauma, associated schemas and the underlying cognitive-affective dysfunction noted to give rise to psychopathic traits. A new model for treatment was proposed integrating these factors to encourage the design of effective interventions that will address the origins and underlying deficits of the disorder, rather than symptomology. Originality/value The review encourages future research to consider the aetiology of psychopathy, with the aim of informing early intervention and containing the disorder whilst in its infancy, as well as addressing neurobiological dysfunction when most malleable.

Antecedents of Family Conflict in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-54
Author(s):  
Rogers Matama ◽  
Kezia H. Mkwizu
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Social Identity Theory ◽  
Family Conflict ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Family Conflicts ◽  
The Core ◽  
Quantitative Studies

The purpose of this study was to explore the antecedents of family conflict in Uganda. A qualitative approach was used in this study. A sample size of 139 participants provided data which was subjected to content analysis. Results revealed that the core themes associated with family conflict are finances and priority of resources. Further findings show that differences in tastes and interests, selfishness and lack of communication played a key role as causes of family conflicts. The implication of this study is that finances and priority of resources are antecedents of family conflict in the context of Uganda. Therefore, the antecedents of family conflict that emerged from this study can be understood, defined and analyzed through the lens of social identity theory. Future research may include conducting quantitative studies with a particular demographic using the themes that have emerged from this study.

Is Cannabis Tourism Deviant? A Theoretical Perspective

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tianyu Ying ◽  
Jun Wen ◽  
Hairong Shan
Keyword(s):  
Moral Identity ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Theoretical Perspective ◽  
Research Note ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Tourism Research ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Deviant Behaviors ◽  
Future Research Directions

With the growth of cannabis tourism, destinations such as the Netherlands have begun to offer cannabis-related products and services to visitors, including tourists from countries where all drugs are strictly prohibited. Yet limited research has sought to understand cannabis-oriented tourists' efforts to neutralize deviant connotations, namely by justifying or rationalizing misbehavior, when deciding to participate in cannabis tourism. This research note proposes a framework of deviant consumption behavior (DCB) constructed of geographic shifting, self-identity shifting, and moral identity shifting from the perspective of cannabis-oriented tourists to delineate tourists' decision-making process around engaging in deviant behaviors. The proposed framework suggests that previously developed DCB frameworks in the marketing and consumer behavior literature should be adapted for use in outbound tourism research. This research note also highlights areas for debate and investigation regarding cannabis tourists' deviant behavior. Future research directions are provided based on the proposed framework as it applies to deviant tourism research.

The Intersection of Security and Justice in Global Governance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Durch ◽  
Joris Larik ◽  
Richard Ponzio
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Structural Violence ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Core ◽  
Personal Community

Security and justice are both essential elements in humanity’s quest not only to survive but to thrive with dignity; neither is sustainable alone. Security is merely the appearance of order in a framework of structural violence unless tempered or leavened by concepts of justice that include human rights, human dignity, and other normative limits on the use of power. The pursuit of justice, whether at the personal, community, national, or international level can be crippled if not matched, in turn, by means to sustain security at each level. This complementarity of security and justice—despite their inherent tensions—is the core conceptual framework of the book. Achieving “just security,” we argue, is essential to the success of any global governance enterprise or architecture.

Introduction

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Tallberg ◽  
Karin Bäckstrand ◽  
Jan Aart Scholte
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Comprehensive Treatment ◽  
Human Rights Abuses ◽  
Sociological Approach ◽  
The Core ◽  
Governance Institutions

Legitimacy is central for the capacity of global governance institutions to address problems such as climate change, trade protectionism, and human rights abuses. However, despite legitimacy’s importance for global governance, its workings remain poorly understood. That is the core concern of this volume, which engages with the overarching question: whether, why, how, and with what consequences global governance institutions gain, sustain, and lose legitimacy. This introductory chapter explains the rationale of the book, introduces its conceptual framework, reviews existing literature, and presents the key themes of the volume. It emphasizes in particular the volume’s sociological approach to legitimacy in global governance, its comparative scope, and its comprehensive treatment of the topic. Moreover, a specific effort is made to explain how each chapter moves beyond existing research in exploring the book’s three themes: (1) sources of legitimacy, (2) processes of legitimation and delegitimation, and (3) consequences of legitimacy.

Citizen Deliberation Online

2019 ◽  
pp. 689-712
Author(s):  
Patrícia Rossini ◽  
Jennifer Stromer-Galley
Keyword(s):  
Political Engagement ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Platforms ◽  
The Core ◽  
Political Conversation ◽  
Political Talk ◽  
Citizen Deliberation ◽  
The Impact

Political conversation is at the heart of democratic societies, and it is an important precursor of political engagement. As society has become intertwined with the communication infrastructure of the Internet, we need to understand its uses and the implications of those uses for democracy. This chapter provides an overview of the core topics of scholarly concern around online citizen deliberation, focusing on three key areas of research: the standards of quality of communication and the normative stance on citizen deliberation online; the impact and importance of digital platforms in structuring political talk; and the differences between formal and informal political talk spaces. After providing a critical review of these three major areas of research, we outline directions for future research on online citizen deliberation.

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