scholarly journals Hepatoprotective activity of Cynodon dactylon leaf extract against rifampicin- induced liver damage in albino rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76
Author(s):  
Akshay Javalgikar ◽  
◽  
Nitin Mahurkar ◽  
Karri Keerthi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Hepatic Cells

Liver plays an important role in maintaining the biological equilibrium of vertebrates. Liver diseases are a major worldwide health problem with high endemicity in developing countries. They are mainly caused by chemicals and some drugs when taken in very high doses. Despite advances in modern medicine, there is no effective drug available that stimulates liver function, offer protection to the liver from damage or help to regenerate hepatic cells. There is urgent need, therefore, for effective drugs to replace/supplement those in current use. The plant kingdom is undoubtedly valuable as a source of new medicinal agents. The main aim of any medication in the treatment of liver disorders is to prevent degeneration of hepatocytes and associated metabolic abnormalities and promote regeneration of hepatic cells. In present study the hepatoprotective activity of Cynodon dactylon extracts was evaluated in rifampicin induced liver toxicity by biochemical parameters like SGPT, SGOT, ALP, BIT and by histopathological study. Acute administration of rifampicin produced marked elevation of the serum levels of the above parameters compared to that of the control group. Treatment with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Cynodon dactylon leaves at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg produces significant prevention in rifampicin induced rise of the above parameters. Silymarin at 100 mg/kg body weight significantly prevented such rise in study. The effect of Cynodon dactylon leaves extracts was found possess promising hepatoprotective activity. Further studies in other species and on other parameter would throw more light on this plant.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Hormonal Profile of Letrozole Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Wistars Albino Rats treated with Cynodon dactylon

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 1136-1141
Author(s):  
Anandaramajayan Nallathambi ◽  
Rajesh Bhargavan
Keyword(s):  
Group Treatment ◽  
Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ◽  
Cynodon Dactylon ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Vaginal Smear ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Metformin Group ◽  
Pcos Group ◽  
Ovarian Syndrome

The polycystic ovarian syndrome is associated with increases in androgen, hyperinsulinemia, secretion of a high level of luteinizing hormone, weight gain, anovulation, cyst formation, etc. Metformin is the drug used for treating PCOS with like nausea, vomiting, etc. in order to prevent the side effect and to find a better cure, and then metformin the present drug was selected   Cynodon. dactylon is commonly called as Arugampul, which is used for diabetes, antioxidant, anti-hyperlipidemic, etc. Materials and method: The animals were selected based upon the weight (125-150 gm) an oestrus cycle. 36 Wistars albino rat was taken and divided into six groups with each group six animals. Control group, Induced (PCOS) group, Referral (Metformin) group, Treatment group (C.dactylon) 500mg/kg , 1,000 mg/kg, 1,500 mg/kg. The animals were induced for PCOS first 21 days by giving Letrozole excluding the control group and examined for PCOS by vaginal smear. In the second 21 days, the animal was treated with the drug and Metformin, leaving the PCOS induced group. Results: There was a significant change with control and PCOS group, PCOS and drug & Metformin group. We were able to observe very high significant changes in lipid profile compared to hormonal and glucose profiles. Conclusion: The present study shows C. dactylon treats PCOS better than Metformin and bring backs the animals for normal condition.

Hepatoprotective Potential of Elsholtzia densa Against Acute and Chronic Models of Liver Damage in Wistar Rats

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovais Zargar ◽  
Rohina Bashir ◽  
Showkat Ganie ◽  
Akbar Masood ◽  
Mohammad Zargar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Chronic Models ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa against experimentally induced acute (CCl4) and chronic (paracetamol) liver injury in albino wistar rats. Activity was measured by monitoring the serum levels of ALT, ALP AST and LDH, total protein levels, bilirubin and albumin. The results of the CCl4 and paracetamol-induced liver toxicity experiments showed that the rats treated with the methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa exhibited a significant decrease in biochemical parameters as well as the proteins, which were all elevated in the CCl4 and paracetamol group. The extract at a concentration of 300 mg/kg body wt. showed a significant decline (P≤0.05) in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH to 69.50±2.23IU/L, 60.01±2.25IU/L,46.20±2.24 IU/L and 150.21±5.68IU/L in CCl4 injected animals and 51.12±2.20 IU/L,49.15±3.25 IU/L, 44.12±2.56 IU/L and 125.15±4.45 IU/L in paracetamol-treated animals when compared to the control group. The activities of tissue antioxidants GSH, GPx, GR, GST and CAT was significantly (P≤0.05) restored in dose dependent manner in animals treated with extracts as with acute and chronic hepatotoxic models. The current study confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa against the model hepatotoxicant CCl4 and paracetamol.

Hypolipidemic effect of prepared Polyherbal formulations in Wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 4314-4320
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Giri ◽  
Sunil Kumar Kanungo ◽  
Saroj Kumar Patro ◽  
Minaketan Sahoo ◽  
Dibya Sundar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Lipid lowering effect of polyherbal formulations using eight different plants was evaluated in triton and diet induced hyperlipidemic models of wistar albino rats. Formulations such as Tablet, Syrup and Suspension inhibited the elevation in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels on Triton WR 1339 administration rats. The formulations at the same dose level significantly attenuated the elevated serum total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The standard drug Niacin showed slightly better effects. The treatment with herbal formulations produced 30-35 percentage improvement in oral glucose tolerance. Similarly all the formulations also reduced the elevated C-reactive protein which is a marker of Hyperlipidemia. In histopathological study it was found that treatment of polyherbal formulation significantly reduced the plaque size in aorta compared with HFD treated control group. The outcome of the study reveals the lipid lowering activity of polyherbal formulations in dyslipidaemic conditions by interfering with the biosynthesis of cholesterol and utilization of lipids.

Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of zinc supplementation in testes of rats with experimentally induced diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (10) ◽  
pp. 1010-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neven M. Aziz ◽  
Maha Y. Kamel ◽  
Manar S. Mohamed ◽  
Sabreen M. Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Connexin 43 ◽  
Concomitant Administration ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
Factor Α ◽  
Percent Area

One of the major obstacles that males with diabetes may confront is subfertility or infertility. Thus, the present study investigated the effect of co-administration of metformin and zinc (Zn) on the testes of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male albino rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group; untreated diabetic group; diabetic + metformin group, in which diabetic rats were treated orally with metformin (250 mg/kg) once daily for 4 weeks; and diabetic + metformin + Zn group, in which diabetic rats were treated orally with metformin in combination with Zn (10 mg/kg) once daily for 4 weeks. Concomitant administration of metformin and Zn produced a significant decrease in serum levels of glucose and insulin and testicular levels of malondialdehyde and tumor necrosis factor α. Additionally, there was a significant increase in serum levels of Zn, testosterone, and follicle-stimulating hormone, as well as testicular total antioxidant capacity and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, when compared with both the diabetic and metformin-treated diabetic groups. Moreover, co-administration of Zn and metformin significantly improved testicular histopathology, with a significant reduction in percent area of collagen fibers and nuclear factor kappa B (p65) immunoreactivity and a significant increase in seminiferous tubule diameter and connexin 43 immunoreactivity as compared with the diabetic and metformin-treated diabetic groups. In conclusion, the combination of Zn and metformin was an efficacious and safe alternative treatment, as it had superior antihyperglycemic efficacy and provided additional benefits over metformin alone in rats with type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Histopathological Assessment of the Effect of Pregabalin Toxicity on Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Adult Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Abdou Hassan ◽  
Shaimaa Shehata ◽  
Ahmad ElBana
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cerebral Cortex Tissue

Abstract Background: Pregabalin (PGB) used as analgesic in treatment of neurogenic pains of chronic diseases, is considered as one of the most abused anti-epileptic drugs worldwide and it has been proved that it induces addictive behaviors. The present histopathological study aimed to identify the effect of PGB administration on cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex, in both acute and chronic toxicity. Seventy-two male and non-pregnant female adult albino rats’ 6- to 8-week-old divided into 3 main groups of 24 rats each were studied. Group 1 represented the control group and group 2 represented the acute toxicity group, in which rats were given a single dose of PGB (5000 mg/kg) orally by gavage and after 24 hours, rats were sacrificed and examined. Group 3 represented the chronic toxicity group; were given PGB 500 mg/kg orally by gavage for 12 weeks, after which rats were sacrificed and examined. Result: Cerebral cortex tissue of acute toxicity group displayed astrocytosis and dystrophic changes, while in chronic group showed degeneration, necrosis and cellular infiltrates. The cerebellum of chronic groups showed degeneration and shrunken of Purkinje cells. Conclusion: Acute and chronic intoxication with pregabalin adversely altered the structure of cerebral cortex and cerebellum.

HEPATOPROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF AERIAL PARTS OF NELUMBO NUCIFERA GAERTN. IN PARACETAMOL AND ISONIAZID-RIFAMPICINE INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (12) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
D Gupta ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Group Treatment ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Nelumbo Nucifera ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Aqueous Extracts ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Dose Dependent

Hepatoprotective activity of ethanolic and aqueous extracts (200 and 400 mg/kg b.w.) of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (NNE and NNA respectively) was evaluated by paracetamol and Isoniazid-rifampicine (INH-RMP) induced hepatotoxicity models. In paracetamol induced hepatoxicity model, NNA 400 and NNE 400 produced significant (p<0.005) reduction in SGOT level when compared to that of control group. Treatment with NNE 200, NNE 400 and NNA 400 produced significant reduction (p<0.01) in SGPT levels when compared to that of control group. SALP levels were significantly (p<0.001) reduced in animals treated with Silymarin (standard), ethanolic and aqueous extracts at both doses when compared to that of control. In INH-RMP induced hepatotoxicity model, significant (p<0.001) reduction in SGOT levels was produced in animals treated with NNA 200 and 400, NNE 200 and 400, when compared to control group animals. Ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Nelumbo nucifera at both doses produced significant (p<0.05 and 0.001 respectively) decrease in the SGPT and SALP levels when compared with control group. Hepatoprotective activity was found to be dose dependent. Significant hepatoprotective activity produced by ethanolic & aqueous extracts of Nelumbo nucifera may be a consequence of synergistic effect of the constituents present in the extracts namely, β-sitosterol and flavonoids (kaempferol, quercetin etc.) The results suggest that the ethanolic and aqueous extracts (NNE and NNA) of Nelumbo nucifera aerial parts possess significant hepatoprotective activity.

scholarly journals Hepatoprotective effect of aqueous extract of cardamom against gentamicin induced hepatic damage in rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Aboubakr ◽  
Abdelazem Mohamed Abdelazem
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Aqueous Extracts

<p>The study was designed to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of aqueous extract of cardamom in acute experimental liver injury induced by gentamicin. Twenty four male albino rats were randomly divided into four groups (six rats in each). Animals of the first group served as control and orally (p.o.) received (1 ml/kg saline). The second experimental group was given gentamicin (80 mg/kg i.p.) for 7 days. Third and fourth groups were given aqueous extract of cardamom (100 and 200 mg/kg p.o.) + gentamicin for 7 days, respectively. The degree of hepatoprotection was measured using serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), bilirubin, albumin, and lipid profile levels. In the acute liver damage induced by gentamicin, cardamom aqueous extracts (100 and 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly reduced the elevated serum levels of AST, ALT, bilirubin, cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-chol) in gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity. Also cardamom aqueous extracts (100 &amp; 200 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly increased the lowered serum levels of albumin and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-chol) in gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity rats. Histopathological examination of the liver tissues supported the hepatoprotection. Our findings concluded that cardamom aqueous extracts possessed hepatoprotective activity against gentamicin induced hepatotoxicity in rats.</p>

scholarly journals Radioprotective and anti-diabetic effects of Costus speciosus and carnosine

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-127
Author(s):  
Ebtisam A. Marzook ◽  
Fawzy A. Marzook ◽  
Ahmed E. Abd El Moneim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Total Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Costus Speciosus ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Purpose: To evaluate the possible radioprotective effect of Costus speciosus and carnosine as natural antioxidants in order to control the  hyperglycemia developed in male albino rats exposed to acute oxidative stress induced by gamma radiation. Methods: Twenty-eight adult male albino rats were divided into four groups. The first group was taken as a control group, while the three other groups were exposed to Ɣ irradiation at a single 7.5 Gy dose. Furthermore, the rats in the second and third groups were i.p. injected with Costus speciosus root powder and carnosine, respectively. On the 3rd day, after irradiation, the serum levels of glucose, insulin, C peptide, copper, iron, calcium, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measureded. Results: The results revealed that exposure to Ɣ irradiation induced significant increases in serum glucose, iron, and malondialdehyde. However, the levels of serum calcium, copper, total antioxidant capacity and insulin significantly decreased (p < 0.05). A significant decrease was observed in Cpeptide in the exposed group, compared to control group. All the test parameters indicate improvement after treatment with Costus speciosus and carnosine (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Costus speciosus and carnosine ameliorate the effect of gamma radiation, indicating their role as antidiabetic agents and  radioprotectors; however, Costus speciosus was critically more efficient than carnosine. Keywords: Costus speciosus, Carnosine, Diabetes, Insulin, Gamma radiation protection

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of a New Tablets Formulation fromTamarindus indicaL.

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesús Rafael Rodriguez Amado ◽  
Ariadna Lafourcade Prada ◽  
Julio Cesar Escalona Arranz ◽  
Renato Pérez Rosés ◽  
Humberto Morris Quevedo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Group I

Hepatotoxic chemicals damage liver cells primarily by producing reactive oxygen species. The decoction of the leaves ofTamarindus indicaL. is used for liver disorders. In this work we evaluated the hepatoprotective activity of a tablet formulation of this plant. Thirty-five Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=7). First group (I) is control group, fed with standard diet. Groups II to V (hepatotoxic groups) were subjected to a subcutaneous injection of CCl4(0.5 mL/kg). Group II was negative control, fed with standard diet; group III was subjected to administration of Silymarin 150 mg/kg and groups IV and V were treated with tablets in dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg, respectively. Lipid peroxidation and the activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, and reduced glutathione were evaluated. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamine transferase, alkaline phosphatase, and a lipid profile were evaluated too. The tablets inhibit lipid peroxidation. The redox balance (SOD-CAT-GSH) remains normal in the experimental groups treated with tablets. The liver function using dose of 200 mg/kg of tablets was better than the other experimental groups. These results justify, scientifically, the ethnobotanical use of the leaves ofTamarindus indicaL.

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