scholarly journals Histopathological Assessment of the Effect of Pregabalin Toxicity on Cerebrum and Cerebellum of Adult Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wael Abdou Hassan ◽  
Shaimaa Shehata ◽  
Ahmad ElBana
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cerebral Cortex Tissue

Abstract Background: Pregabalin (PGB) used as analgesic in treatment of neurogenic pains of chronic diseases, is considered as one of the most abused anti-epileptic drugs worldwide and it has been proved that it induces addictive behaviors. The present histopathological study aimed to identify the effect of PGB administration on cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex, in both acute and chronic toxicity. Seventy-two male and non-pregnant female adult albino rats’ 6- to 8-week-old divided into 3 main groups of 24 rats each were studied. Group 1 represented the control group and group 2 represented the acute toxicity group, in which rats were given a single dose of PGB (5000 mg/kg) orally by gavage and after 24 hours, rats were sacrificed and examined. Group 3 represented the chronic toxicity group; were given PGB 500 mg/kg orally by gavage for 12 weeks, after which rats were sacrificed and examined. Result: Cerebral cortex tissue of acute toxicity group displayed astrocytosis and dystrophic changes, while in chronic group showed degeneration, necrosis and cellular infiltrates. The cerebellum of chronic groups showed degeneration and shrunken of Purkinje cells. Conclusion: Acute and chronic intoxication with pregabalin adversely altered the structure of cerebral cortex and cerebellum.

scholarly journals Pregabalin induces pathological changes in cerebrum and cerebellum of Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaimaa Ali ◽  
Wael Abdo Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Chronic Toxicity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Addictive Behaviors ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cerebral Cortex Tissue ◽  
Control Group Group

Abstract Background: Pregabalin (PGB) used as analgesic in remedy of neurogenic pains of persistent diseases, is taken into consideration as one of the maximum abused anti-epileptic pills and it's been proved that it induces addictive behaviors. The current study investigated the impact of PGB management on cerebral cortex and cerebellar cortex, in each acute and chronic toxicity. Seventy- male and non-pregnant female albino rats’ 6- to 8-week-vintage divided into three principal corporations of 24 rats each had been studied. Group 1 was the control group, group 2 represented the acute toxicity group, and group three represented the hronic toxicity group. Rats had been sacrificed and examined. Result: Cerebral cortex tissue of acute toxicity group displayed astrocytosis and dystrophic changes, while the chronic toxicity group showed degeneration, necrosis and inflammatory cell infiltrates. The cerebellum of chronic toxicity group showed affection of Purkinje cells. Conclusion: Acute and chronic intoxication with pregabalin adversely altered the structure and thus the function of the cerebral cortex and cerebellum.

scholarly journals Cross Talk Between Down Regulation of Steroidogenic Genes Expression, Oxidative and Apoptotic Biomarkers in Testes Induced by Administration of Tramadol and Boldenone and Their Combination in Male Albino Rats

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gihan F. Asaad ◽  
Noha Mowaad ◽  
Marwa E.A. El-Shamarka ◽  
Sahar Khalil
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Concurrent Use ◽  
Genes Expression ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Oxidative Biomarkers ◽  
Reproductive Gland

Abstract BackgroundThe testis is the male reproductive gland or gonad having two vital functions - to produce both sperm and androgens, primarily testosterone.PurposeThe study aimed to investigate the effect of tramadol and boldenone injected alone or in combinatio for 2 months in rats on testicular function.MethodsGroup 1; normal control, Group 2; tramadol Hcl (TRAM) (20 mg/kg bwt.) (i.p). Group 3; boldenone undecylenate (BOLD) (5 mg/kg bwt) (i.m). Group 4; combination of TRAM (20 mg/kg bwt.) and BOLD (5 mg/kg), respectively for 2 months.ResultsTRAM and BOLD alone and in combination rats showed deteriorated testicular functions, lowered serum steroid levels (FSH, LH and testesterone), elevation in oxidative biomarkers (MDA & NO) and reduction in GSH and SOD, downregulation of StaR and HSD17B3 as well as assessment of testicular histopathological using H&E staining, PAS stain for histochemical assessment of polysaccharides and glycoproteins in the testes and Masson trichrome stain to assess the changes in the collagen fibers.ConclusionThe study illuminated the hazard of administration of these drugs for a long period as well as the prominent deleterious effects reported on concurrent use of both drugs.

scholarly journals Preliminary Study on Wound Healing Activity of Propolis in Albino Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Timucin ATAYOGLU ◽  
Sibel SILICI
Keyword(s):  
Wound Healing ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Wound Model ◽  
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Background: Infection can lead to delayed wound healing. Recently it has been shown that propolis which is used in complementary medicine has an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of this study is to determine whether propolis may contribute to wound healing. Material and Methods: Twenty-one male Wistar albino rats were randomly divided into three groups. Group1 and Group 2 were topically treated with propolis ointment and Thiocillin® oinment, respectively while Group 3 was the control group. On incision wound model, Thiocillin® and propolis ointments were applied on wound sites once daily for 30 days and the mean epidermal thickness (MET) at the 30th day was compared while antimicrobial activity of propolis was studied against different pathogens as well. Results: Propolis exhibited in vitro antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus sp. and Pseudomonas sp. It is observed that the MET in the groups of Propolis ointment and Thiocillin® ointment were significantly greater than that of the control group, while the MET in the group of propolis ointment was significantly greater than that of Thiocillin® ointment treated group. Conclusion: Propolis is effective in wound healing. Further study in-depth is necessary to probe into clinical correlation.

scholarly journals Reproductive Toxicity and Biomarker Response to a Daily Dose of Tramadol in Male Albino Rats (Rattus norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
E. Oriakpono, Obemeata ◽  
M. Ajah, Ogechi
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Liver Damage ◽  
Sperm Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Biomarker Response ◽  
Daily Dose ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 5 ◽  
Group 2

This study was designed to evaluate the effect of a daily dose of tramadol on selected biomarkers viz: haematological parameters, sperm count, kidney and liver damage in male albino rats. Twenty four wistar rats were divided randomly into two groups: control group and treated groups, the treated group were further divided into four groups and housed in cages. Clean drinking water was served to control (group 1), and 1.6 mg/kg bodyweight of tramadol was administered to group 2 (7 days treatment), group 3 (14 days treatment), group 4 (21 days treatment) and group 5 (21 days treatment +7 days withdrawal) in addition to a daily standard diet for all groups. Treatment of rats with tramadol caused significant decrease (P<0.05) in WBC, platelet and lymph. in group 2, on bicarbonate, AST and protein, it showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in group 3, and it showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in group 5 on Cl-, AST, ALT, bicarbonate, AST, PCV, Hb, RBC, WBC, platelet, lymphocytes and sperm count. The results indicates that tramadol has negative effects on the liver which may induce severe liver damage when used for a prolonged period, the results also shows that tramadol can cause anaemia as seen by the observed negative changes in the blood parameters evaluated. Therefore, administration should be with great caution and from a licensed pharmacist or doctor while self prescription or over the counter administration should be avoided considering the associated adverse effects.

scholarly journals Combined effects of Fasciola hepatica infection and copper intoxication on oxidative/antioxidative status in rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-365
Author(s):  
V. Nanev ◽  
I. Vladov ◽  
M. Gabrashanska
Keyword(s):  
Fasciola Hepatica ◽  
Control Level ◽  
Copper Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Hepatica Infection ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

The aim of our study was to investigate parameters of oxidative/antioxidative status in rats experimentally infected with Fasciola hepatica and treated with a copper salt. The experiment was carried out on 24 male Wistar albino rats, divided into 4 groups with 6 animals in each: group 1 – healthy untreated animals, group 2 – rats orally infected with F. hepatica; group 3 – rats treated with CuSO4. 5H2O and group 4 – rats experimentally infected with F. hepatica and treated with CuSO4.5H2O. Rats from group 2 and 4 were orally infected with 15 viable F. hepatica metacercariae per animal. Rats from group 3 and 4 received CuSO4.5H2O dissolved in drinking water at a dose of 150 mg/kg body weight after post infestation week 2. Copper administration lasted 2 weeks. The rats were euthanised on the 35th day post infestation. The levels of malondialdehyde, glutathione, and the activity of Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in the liver of all rats were established. Increased liver MDA level was observed in groups infected and untreated with copper compared to control level. Reduced Cu,Zn-SOD activity was found in all infected rats as well as insignificant increase of the enzyme in group 3 compared to control group value. GPx activity was reduced in similar manner in the treated and infected groups compared to the control group. GSH level was lower in all treated rats than in controls (P<0.01). Copper liver content was increased in groups receiving CuSO4.5H2O compared both to control and infected only group. Substantial imbalance in oxidative/antioxidative status in groups 2, 3 and 4 was demonstrated compared to the control group. Combined effect of chronic copper administration and experimental F. hepatica infection increased significantly MDA level, reduced the activity of Cu,Zn-SOD and the GSH content in host livers. Elevated copper level influenced defense system in F. hepatica infected rats at a high extent. Parasites and copper acted together to increase the oxidative stress. Parasitism in the presence of copper pollution compromises the health of the host, even at low intensities.

Pazopanib-Induced Hepatotoxicity in an Experimental Rat Model

Chemotherapy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
Bulent Cetin ◽  
Guldal Esendagli Yılmaz ◽  
Berkan Armagan ◽  
Baris Afsar ◽  
Umut Demirci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kupffer Cells ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Experimental Rat Model ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2

Pazopanib is an effective treatment for advanced renal cell carcinoma and soft tissue sarcoma. Besides classical adverse events of this drug class, hepatotoxicity has been described as a frequent side effect. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of pazopanib on the liver in an experimental rat model. Sixteen Wistar albino rats were divided into 3 groups: experimental toxicity was induced with pazopanib (10 mg/kg) administered for 28 days (group 2) or 56 days (group 3) orally by gavage. Group 1 (control group) received only distilled water. Rats in groups 2 and 3 were sacrificed after the collection of blood and tissue samples on the 28th and 56th days, respectively. We found significant differences in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, glucose, triglyceride, very-low-density lipoprotein, and iron values (p < 0.050 for all) but none in any other parameter (p > 0.050). All rats in the control group had normal histological features; however, none of the rats in groups 2 and 3 showed normal histology. In group 2, we observed mild sinusoidal dilatation, congestion, enlarged Kupffer cells, accumulation of yellow-brown-black pigment in the Kupffer cells and the accumulation of hemosiderin with Prussian blue reaction in the hepatocytes. In group 3, the findings mentioned above were more prominent, and besides these findings focal acinar transformation and macrovesicular steatosis were also observed. In group 3, mild inflammation within the portal areas was observed consisting of lymphocytes, neutrophils, and eosinophils. This study is the first that reports the biochemical and histopathological evaluation of pazopanib-related hepatic toxicity.

scholarly journals The effects of electromagnetic waves emitted by the cell phones on the testicular tissue

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 274
Author(s):  
Muhammet Ihsan Karaman ◽  
Ali Murat Gökçe ◽  
Orhan Koca ◽  
Bilal Karaman ◽  
Metin Ishak Öztürk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Cell Phones ◽  
Testicular Tissue ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objectives: Various risks have emerged in parallel to the rapidly increasing use of cell phones. Herein we studied the effects of cell phone emitted electromagnetic waves (EMW) on rat testes. Material and Methods: Twenty one adult male Albino rats were grouped into 3 groups each consisting of 7 rats. The first group was exposed to EMW on talk mode for 8 hours per day for 20 days and then their testes were extracted. The testes of the second group were extracted after 20 days of whole day EMW exposure. The third group was the control group. For the statistical analysis Mann- Whitney U analysis was performed. Results: At light microscopic examination of the testicular tissue, the existence of a high number of immature cells in the lumen of the seminiferous tubule in addition to the normal seminiferous tubules, besides irregular tubules with a reduction in the spermatogenic cell lines and tubules without lumen were observed in groups 1 and 2. Histopathological alterations were scored as 0 = none, 1 = low, 2 = medium, 3 = serious. The average scores of the three groups were found to be 4.25 ± 1.5 for the group 1, 4.33 ± 3.9 for the group 2 and 0.37 ± 1.1 for the group 3 respectively. As a result of the statistical evaluation, group 1 and group 2 had significantly higher scores than the control group (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Infertility is one of the current problems of today due to a rapid increase in its incidence and cost. The negative effects of the EMWs on the testis should be taken into account and the necessary measures should be taken for prevention.

scholarly journals The effect of progesterone in the prevention of the chemically induced experimental colitis in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oguzhan Karatepe ◽  
Merih Altiok ◽  
Muharrem Battal ◽  
Gulcin Kamali ◽  
Ahu Kemik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Experimental Colitis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Trinitrobenzene Sulfonic Acid ◽  
Colon Tissue ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

PURPOSE: To study the effects of progesterone on an experimental colitis model. METHODS: Wistar albino rats were treated subcutaneously with 2mg/kg once a day during seven days Colitis was induced by intrarectal administration of 5mg trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS). Disease activities, macroscopic and microscopic scores were evaluated. To determine the response provoked by progesterone we measured Colonic malondialdehyde (MDA), TNF alfa, IL-6 and Nitric oxide (NO) levels in addition to the MPO (Myeloperoxidase) and caspase-3 activities. RESULTS: Progesterone ameliorated significantly the macroscopic and microscopic scores. TNBS-induced colitis significantly increased the colonic MDA levels and caspase-3 activities in group 2 in comparison to the control group. The results of the study revealed a decline in MDA, NO, IL6 and TNF-α levels in the colon tissue and in blood due to progesterone therapy in group 3 when compared to the group 2, a significant improvement. Progesterone treatment was associated with decreased MDA, MPO, TNF alfa and caspase-3 activity. CONCLUSION: Progesterone therapy decreased oxidative damage in the colonic mucosa.

Dose-Dependent Effect of Short-Term Repeated Exposure to Amitraz on Some Reproductive Parameters in Male Albino Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seriki Samuel Adinoyi
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Reproductive Parameters ◽  
Albino Rat ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Dose Dependent

Amitraz is a pesticide used in agriculture and public health to control insects, weeds, animals, and vectors of disease. Although the use of pesticides is of benefit in general, abuse of the pesticides is harmful due to their potential toxicity to humans and animals. Present study examined the effect of the pesticide on the male reproductive parameters of the male albino rats. 20 rats were grouped into four. Group 1 was control, Group 2 was given low dose Amitraz, Group 3 was median dose, and Group 4 was high dose. The administration was for a period of 21 days. Results showed that Amitraz has dose dependent toxicity effect on the reproductive parameter of the rat. Amitraz is toxic to the reproductive parameters of the albino rat, and could lower sperm concentration, sperm motility, and sperm morphology. By implication, Amitraz is toxic to the reproductive system and could cause infertility in male.

Hypolipidemic effect of prepared Polyherbal formulations in Wistar albino rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 4314-4320
Author(s):  
Ranjan Kumar Giri ◽  
Sunil Kumar Kanungo ◽  
Saroj Kumar Patro ◽  
Minaketan Sahoo ◽  
Dibya Sundar Panda
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Hypolipidemic Effect ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Lipid lowering effect of polyherbal formulations using eight different plants was evaluated in triton and diet induced hyperlipidemic models of wistar albino rats. Formulations such as Tablet, Syrup and Suspension inhibited the elevation in serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels on Triton WR 1339 administration rats. The formulations at the same dose level significantly attenuated the elevated serum total cholesterol and triglycerides with an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemic rats. The standard drug Niacin showed slightly better effects. The treatment with herbal formulations produced 30-35 percentage improvement in oral glucose tolerance. Similarly all the formulations also reduced the elevated C-reactive protein which is a marker of Hyperlipidemia. In histopathological study it was found that treatment of polyherbal formulation significantly reduced the plaque size in aorta compared with HFD treated control group. The outcome of the study reveals the lipid lowering activity of polyherbal formulations in dyslipidaemic conditions by interfering with the biosynthesis of cholesterol and utilization of lipids.

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