Hepatoprotective Potential of Elsholtzia densa Against Acute and Chronic Models of Liver Damage in Wistar Rats

Drug Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 68 (10) ◽  
pp. 567-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ovais Zargar ◽  
Rohina Bashir ◽  
Showkat Ganie ◽  
Akbar Masood ◽  
Mohammad Zargar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Chronic Models ◽  
Dose Dependent

AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective activity of methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa against experimentally induced acute (CCl4) and chronic (paracetamol) liver injury in albino wistar rats. Activity was measured by monitoring the serum levels of ALT, ALP AST and LDH, total protein levels, bilirubin and albumin. The results of the CCl4 and paracetamol-induced liver toxicity experiments showed that the rats treated with the methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa exhibited a significant decrease in biochemical parameters as well as the proteins, which were all elevated in the CCl4 and paracetamol group. The extract at a concentration of 300 mg/kg body wt. showed a significant decline (P≤0.05) in the levels of AST, ALT, ALP and LDH to 69.50±2.23IU/L, 60.01±2.25IU/L,46.20±2.24 IU/L and 150.21±5.68IU/L in CCl4 injected animals and 51.12±2.20 IU/L,49.15±3.25 IU/L, 44.12±2.56 IU/L and 125.15±4.45 IU/L in paracetamol-treated animals when compared to the control group. The activities of tissue antioxidants GSH, GPx, GR, GST and CAT was significantly (P≤0.05) restored in dose dependent manner in animals treated with extracts as with acute and chronic hepatotoxic models. The current study confirmed the hepatoprotective effect of methanolic extract of Elsholtzia densa against the model hepatotoxicant CCl4 and paracetamol.

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF ROTULA AQUATICA LOUR. ROOTS

INDIAN DRUGS ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
T. Shyam ◽  
◽  
S Ganapaty
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Spectroscopic Data ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Bacteria And Fungi ◽  
Dose Levels ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Chemical Evidence

Four compounds viz α-amyrin, β- amyrin, bauerenol and ellagic acid were isolated from the methanolic extract of Rotula aquatica roots. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic data analysis and chemical evidence. The extract was evaluated for hepatoprotective activity against carbon tetrachloride induced hepatotoxic model at a dose levels of 200,400 and 800 mg/ kg body weight and compared with that of the standard silymarin (25mg/kg body weight). It showed good hepatoprotective activity in a dose dependent manner. The extract was also screened for antimicrobial activity against various types of organisms like bacteria and fungi.

scholarly journals Methanolic Extract of Ceplukan Leaf (Physalis minimaL.) Attenuates Ventricular Fibrosis through Inhibition of TNF-αin Ovariectomized Rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bayu Lestari ◽  
Nur Permatasari ◽  
Mohammad Saifur Rohman
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Treatment Group ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Ovariectomized Rats ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Estrogen Level ◽  
Menopausal Women ◽  
Ventricular Fibrosis ◽  
Dose Dependent

The increase of heart failure prevalence on menopausal women was correlated with the decrease of estrogen level. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of ceplukan leaf (Physalis minimaL.), which contains phytoestrogen physalin and withanolides, on ventricular TNF-αlevel and fibrosis in ovariectomized rats. Wistar rats were divided into six groups (control (—); OVX 5: 5-week ovariectomy (OVX); OVX 9: 9-week ovariectomy; treatments I, II, and III: 9-weeks OVX + 4-week ceplukan leaf’s methanolic extract doses 500, 1500, and 2500 mg/kgBW, resp.). TNF-αlevels were measured with ELISA. Fibrosis was counted as blue colored tissues percentage using Masson’s Trichrome staining. This study showed that prolonged hypoestrogen increases ventricular fibrosis (p<0.05). Ceplukan leaf treatment also resulted in a decrease of ventricular fibrosis and TNF-αlevel in dose dependent manner compared to without treatment group (p<0.05). Furthermore, the TNF-αlevel was normalized in 2500 mg/kgBWPhysalis minimaL. (p<0.05) treatment. The reduction of fibrosis positively correlated with TNF-αlevel (p<0.05,r=0.873). Methanolic extract of ceplukan leaf decreases ventricular fibrosis through the inhibition of ventricular TNF-αlevel in ovariectomized rats.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ANTIDEPRESSANT ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF LAGERSTROEMIA SPECIOSA LEAVES IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
VANITA KANASE ◽  
SUNITA VISHWAKARMA
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Antidepressant Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lagerstroemia Speciosa ◽  
Dose Dependent

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the antidepressant activity of ethanolic extract of dried leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (EELS) on acute restraint stress (ARS)-induced depression-like behavior and biochemical alterations in albino Wistar rats. Methods: Thirty rats were randomly divided into five experimental groups. Group-I (normal control) rats received normal saline (2.0 ml/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days; Group-II (stress control) rats received normal saline (2.0 ml/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days and subjected to restraint stress on the 13th day. Group-III (standard drug-treated) rats received imipramine (15 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days and subjected to restraint stress on the 13th day. Groups-IV and V rats were treated with EELS (100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) daily for 14 days subjected to ARS on the 13th day. Stress-like behavior was assessed by subjecting the rats to behavioral paradigms such as tail-suspension test (TST) and open field test (OFT), 40 min post-restraint stress procedure. Pretest of 10 min for forced swim test (FST) was also given to each rat simultaneously. Then, 23.5 h later, the relevant samples were administered and the main test performed 30 min later. Oxidative stress parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), and extent of lipid peroxidation (LPO) were analyzed in restraint stress-induced animals and control group, following FST on the 15th day. Statistical Analysis: Expression of data was done as a mean standard error of the mean. The normally distributed data were subjected to one-way analysis of variance followed by Dunnett’s test. *p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: It was observed that L. speciosa L. showed a significant dose-dependent decrease in duration of immobility time in TST and FST when compared with the control group in a dose-dependent manner. The results of OFT also showed a dose-dependent increase in locomotor activity. In addition to behavioral tests, EELS also normalized oxidative stress markers such as CAT, SOD, MDA, and LPO in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion: The results suggest that the ethanolic extract of L. speciosa L. leaves possesses significant antidepressant property, may be recommended as a supplement for the antidepressant activity.

scholarly journals TrigonellaeSemen Enhances Sperm Motility and the Expression of the Cation Sperm Channel Proteins in Mouse Testes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Rim Kim ◽  
Hyu Young Kim ◽  
Ha Young Kim ◽  
Mun Seog Chang ◽  
Seong Kyu Park
Keyword(s):  
Sperm Motility ◽  
Sperm Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sperm Function ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Channel Proteins ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Sperm Counts ◽  
Dose Dependent

Genetic defects during spermatogenesis can lead to a reduction in sperm motility and cause male infertility. The cation channels of sperm (CatSper) play a role in the regulation of hyperactivated sperm motility in mouse testes. The effect ofTrigonellaeSemen (TS) on the male reproductive system and CatSper protein in mouse testes during spermatogenesis was examined. C57BL/c mice were divided into the following five groups: normal, cyclophosphamide- (CP-) only treated (control group), and three groups treated with varying concentrations of TS with CP (100, 500, and 1000 mg/kg TS and 100 mg/kg CP). Real-time PCR, western blot analysis, and a testosterone immunoassay were performed to assess CatSper protein levels in the five groups. Additionally, sperm cell counts and motility were examined. Results indicate that sperm motility and sperm counts increased in the TS treated groups in a dose-dependent manner(p<0.01). CatSper levels were also significantly higher in the TS treated groups compared to that of the control group(p<0.001). Therefore, TS treatment could enhance sperm function by promoting spermatogenesis and the expression of CatSper proteins in mouse testes.

scholarly journals Cardioprotective effects of Citrullus lanatus rinds in male wistar rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129
Author(s):  
O. G. Akintunde ◽  
E. S. Ajibola ◽  
S. A. V. Abakpa ◽  
B. O. Oluwo ◽  
J. O. Olukunle
Keyword(s):  
Risk Ratio ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Dose Dependent

Water melon, citrullus lanatus is a common edible fruit belongs to the family of cucumber (Cucurbitacea). The outer part of citrullus lanatus known as the rind is always discarded. This study investigated the effects of ethanol extract of citrullus lanatus rinds orally administered on some liver function enzymes, kidney function markers, cardiac risk ratio, and the atherogenic coefficient indices in male wistar rats. Twenty-five male Wistar albino rats were randomly distributed into five groups (I, II, III, IV and V) of five rats each received 0mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 800mg/kg of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds respectively for 35days. The result showed that the effects of ethanol extract of citrullus lanatus rinds was not significant difference (p > 0.05) in serum liver enzymes (Aspartate aminotransferase, Alanine aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase) in increasing dose dependent manner when compared with control group. There were no significant differences (p > 0.05) in serum levels of urea and creatinine with increasing dose of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds in rats when compared with control group. The extract showed significantly higher (p< 0.05) values in the serum HDL, cholesterol but there were significant reduction (p< 0.05) in the serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, VLDL and non-HDL values in rats at higher doses of the extract when compared with control group. While it was observed that the cardiac risk ratio, the atherogenic coefficient and indices decreased significantly (p< 0.05) in rats at increasing doses of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds when compared with control group. This may suggest a likely cardio-protective effects of ethanol extract of Citrullus lanatus rinds in increasing dose dependent manner in rats when compared with control group. In conclusion, it can be inferred that Citrullus lanatus rinds can be consumed by animals without detrimental effect.

scholarly journals Pathological Effects of Graded Doses of Aflatoxin B1 on the Development of Testes in Juvenile White Leghorn Males

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Ashraf ◽  
Muhammad Kashif Saleemi ◽  
Mashkoor Mohsin ◽  
Shafia Tehseen Gul ◽  
muhammad zubair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
White Leghorn ◽  
Immunological Parameters ◽  
Dose Dependent

Abstract Current experiment was planned to investigate the deleterious effects of the graded dose of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on White Leghorn Male Birds. For this purpose, 100 birds of 8 week age were divided into 4 equal groups and reared on feed contaminated with different doses of AFB1 for 10 weeks. Group A was kept as a control group and was fed with normal toxin free diet, group B, C, and D were offered feed containing 100 ppb, 200 ppb, and 400 ppb of AFB1 respectively. The birds were euthanized at the 4th and 10th week of the experiment. Clinical signs, behavioral changes, absolute and relative organ weight of testes, sperm motility were measured. Cellular immune response was observed through CCA, P-HAP, and antibody response against SRBC. Results showed a dose-dependent decline in the immune response of birds with the increase in the level of AFB1 in the feed. A significant decrease in the serum levels of testosterone, prolactin, and LH was observed. Grossly, testicular size and volume were reduced in ABF1 fed birds while histological examination showed mild to moderate and severe necrosis of testicular parenchyma, with partial to complete arrest of spermatogenesis. Very few spermatozoa were found in group C while they were almost absent in group D which was offered a diet containing 400 ppb AFB1. The above-mentioned results showed that AFB1 had severe toxic effects on the reproductive and immunological parameters of WLH birds in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Carvedilol Protects against Cyclosporine Nephropathy in Rats

2006 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kotolová ◽  
P. Kollár ◽  
M. Jarošová
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Transferrin ◽  
Protein Levels

The aim of our experimental work was to study whether carvedilol is able to protect renal tissue from cyclosporine toxic effect in animal model of cyclosporine nephropathy. The study was performed on twenty Wistar rats divided in two experimental groups: control (treated with placebo) and carvedilol (treated with p.o. dose 10mg/kg/day in 1 ml solution). Cyclosporine in oral dose of 15 mg/kg/day was administered to all animals during 15 days of experiment. Urine was collected daily for the assessment of diuresis, proteinuria, and determination of urea and creatinine levels. Serum collected at the end of the experiment (day 15) was used for the determination of urea and transferrin levels. The level of renal tissue damage was evaluated by the Jones method for basal membranes, glomeruli and tubuli impregnation, and by the Kossa method for calcium impregnation. For the determination of paranuclear inclusions presence we used chromanilinblue (CAB) method. Statistically significant differences between total protein levels in urine on day 7 of the experiment and urea levels in serum at the end of the experiment in the control group and the carvedilol-treated group indicate a protective effect of carvedilol on renal tissue, which is supported also by the results of a histological examination of renal tissue. Significant increase in the serum transferrin level was registered in the carvedilol-treated group and no significant changes were noted in ceruloplasmin serum levels. In conclusion, our pilot study showed that carvedilol has the ability to protect renal tissue from cyclosporine induced nephropathy in rats.

scholarly journals Oxidative stress is reduced in Wistar rats exposed to smoke from tobacco and treated with specific broad-band pulse electromagnetic fields

2009 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Bajic ◽  
B. Bajic ◽  
Zorana Milicevic ◽  
Slavica Ristic ◽  
A. Nokolau
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Rat Lungs ◽  
Pulse Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Dose Dependent

There have been a number of attempts to reduce the oxidative radical burden of tobacco. A recently patented technology, pulse electromagnetic technology, has been shown to induce differential action of treated tobacco products versus untreated products on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in vivo. In a 90-day respiratory toxicity study, Wistar rats were exposed to cigarette smoke from processed and unprocessed tobacco and biomarkers of oxidative stress were compared with pathohistological analysis of rat lungs. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was decreased in a dose-dependent manner to 81% in rats exposed to smoke from normal cigarettes compared to rats exposed to treated smoke or the control group. These results correspond to pathohistological analysis of rat lungs, in which those rats exposed to untreated smoke developed initial signs of emphysema, while rats exposed to treated smoke showed no pathology, as in the control group. The promise of inducing an improved health status in humans exposed to smoke from treated cigarettes merits further investigation.

Hepatoprotective Activity of Cardiospermum helicacabum Stem Extracts Against Carbontetrachloride-induced Hepatotoxicity in Wistar Rats

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 487-492
Author(s):  
Arjumand Ara ◽  
Srinivas Reddy. K ◽  
C.S. Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Damage Model ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hepatoprotective Activity ◽  
Hepatocellular Injury ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase ◽  
Standard Drug

Natural remedies from medicinal plants are considered to be effective and safe alternative treatments for liver toxicity. Our aim was to demonstrate the hepatoprotective effect of various extracts of Cardiospermum helicacabum (sapindaceae) stem. The various extracts of stem in arachis oil were administered orally for 7 days and the hepatoprotective activity was studied in carbon tetrachloride induced hepatic damage model in male wistar rats. The hepatoprotective activity was assessed using various biochemical parameters like serum bilirubin, protein, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) along with histopathological studies of liver tissue. There was a significant increase in serum levels of bilirubin, SGOT, SGPT and ALP with a decrease in total protein level, in the CCl4 treated animals, reflecting liver injury. In the stem extracts treated animals there was a decrease in serum levels of the markers and significant increase in total protein, indicating the recovery of hepatic cells. These biochemical observations were supplemented by histopathalogical examination of liver section. The effects of extracts were compared with standard drug silymarin. The ethyl acetate stem extract (400mg/kg) of Cardiospermum helicacabum afforded significant protection against CCl4 induced hepatocellular injury compared to all extracts.

Investigation of polyphenol profile, antioxidant activity and hepatoprotective potential of Aconogonon alpinum (All.) Schur roots

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 516-536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Zakryya Khan ◽  
Muhammad Imran Shabbir ◽  
Zafeer Saqib ◽  
Syed Aneel Gilani ◽  
Naqeeb Ullah Jogezai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Polyphenol Profile

AbstractLiver plays vital role in detoxification of exogenous and endogenous chemicals. These chemicals as well as oxidative stress may cause liver disorders. This study was aimed to evaluate the hepatoprotective effects of various fractions of Aconogonon alpinum methanolic extract against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver toxicity in mice. First, hepatoprotective potential of various fractions of A. alpinum was assessed and then antioxidant activity and profiling of polyphenolic compounds were assessed. A total of 78 male albino mice (BALB/c) were randomly divided into 13 groups (n = 6); Group I (normal control), Group II (CCl4 only), Group III (CCl4 + silymarin 100 mg/kg) and Groups IV–XIII (CCl4 + various fractions [200 and 400 mg/kg]). Hepatic biochemistry and liver injury were assessed by analysis of serum levels of hepatic enzymes and histopathological analysis, respectively. Results showed that polar fractions (ethyl acetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions) exhibited highly significant (P < 0.01) reduction in increased level of liver biochemical parameters in a dose-dependent manner with consistent histopathological findings. Likewise, these fractions revealed strong antioxidant potential and polyphenolic compound contents. In conclusion, the present work has revealed promising antioxidant activity, polyphenolic profiling and potential hepatoprotective efficacy. Thus, the significant results unveil the study as a step forward towards evidence-based phytomedicine.

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