Short and Long term effects of Overeating (Atimatrashan) on health and well-being: A Conceptual Study

Overeating is the excess food consumed in relation to the energy that an organism expends. Out of various eating disorders overeating from supersize meal portions is termed as Atimatrashan in Ayurveda. In Ayurveda great emphasis has been given on the ideal quantity i.e., ‘matra’ of Aahara which is customized according to individual appetite. While occasional overeating predisposes to various disorders manifested through impaired digestive function, Habitual overeating eventually leads to obesity. Obesity being a state of chronic inflammation predisposes to wide range of diseases including Metabolic syndrome and Cancer. In this context, this paper discusses the Ayurvedic concept of Tridosha Prakop (vitiation of all the three Doshas) with the resulting ailments and Aamvish which is said to be formed as a result of habitual overeating and is thought to be Vishsadrushya (highly toxic) and param asaadhyam (incurable).

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The immediate effect of Sinapis nigra and Zingiber officinale as thermogenic substances during footbaths: A Randomized Controlled Cross-over Trial

Complementary Medicine Research ◽

10.1159/000521590 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Jan Vagedes ◽

Silja Kuderer ◽

Eduard Helmert ◽

Katrin Vagedes ◽

Matthias Kohl ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Zingiber Officinale ◽

Well Being ◽

Primary Outcome Measure ◽

Warm Water ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Stimulus Perception ◽

Late Evening ◽

Short And Long Term

Objective: Warm footbaths infused with Sinapis nigra (mustard, or MU) or Zingiber officinale (ginger, or GI) are used for various thermoregulatory conditions, but little is known about how they are perceived by individuals, both short- and long-term. We analyzed the immediate and long-term effects of MU and GI on warmth and stimulus perception in healthy adults. Methods: Seventeen individuals (mean age 22.1±2.4 years; 11 female) received three footbaths (mean temperature was 40 ± 0.2 ℃, administered between 1:30-6:30pm) in a randomized order with a cross-over design: 1. with warm water only (WA), 2. with warm water and MU and 3. with warm water and GI. Warmth and stimulus perception at the feet were assessed at the 1st, 5th, 10th, 15th, and 20th minute of the footbaths, in the late evening (EVE), and the following morning (MG). We further assessed well-being (at EVE and MG) and sleep quality (at MG). The primary outcome measure was the warmth perception at the feet at the 10th minute of the footbath. Results: At the 10th minute of the footbath, warmth perception at the feet was significantly higher with MU and GI compared to WA. The immediate thermogenic effects pointed to a quick increase in warmth and stimulus perception with MU, a slower increase with GI, and a gradual decrease with WA. Regarding the long-term effects, warmth and stimulus perception were still higher after GI compared to WA at EVE and MG. No differences were seen for general well-being and sleep quality. Conclusion: Thermogenic substances can significantly alter the dynamics of warmth and stimulus perception when added to footbaths. The different profiles in the application of GI and MU could be relevant for a more differentiated and specific use of both substances in different therapeutic indications.

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The Long-Term Effects of Solitary Confinement From the Perspective of Inmates

The Prison Journal ◽

10.1177/00328855211060312 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 101 (6) ◽

pp. 652-674

Author(s):

Liat Tayer ◽

Tomer Einat ◽

Anat Yaron Antar

Keyword(s):

Qualitative Study ◽

Physical Exercise ◽

Behavioral Disorders ◽

Physical Aggression ◽

Well Being ◽

Solitary Confinement ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Health And Well Being ◽

Mental And Behavioral Disorders

This qualitative study analyzes the effects of solitary confinement on prisoners and the strategies used by them to cope with its difficulties. The findings indicate that solitary confinement is perceived as unfair and as intensifying hostile emotions and physical aggression, and that it is related to a range of long-term physiological, mental, and behavioral disorders. Three strategies are used to cope with the difficulties of solitary confinement: keeping to a ritualistic routine, a religious lifestyle, and physical exercise. We conclude that solitary confinement exacerbates the difficulties of detention and affects prisoners’ health and well-being for short and long terms.

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The Cost of Austerity Policies for Public Health

Current History ◽

10.1525/curh.2018.117.802.310 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 117 (802) ◽

pp. 310-314

Author(s):

Aaron Reeves

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Policy Changes ◽

The Cost ◽

Health And Well Being

[S]hort-term policy changes can have long-term effects on the health and well-being of the population.

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Sub-acute and long-term effects of ayahuasca on mental health and well-being in healthy ceremony attendants: A replication study

Journal of Psychedelic Studies ◽

10.1556/2054.2021.00174 ◽

2021 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kim I. van Oorsouw ◽

Malin V. Uthaug ◽

Natasha L. Mason ◽

Nick J. Broers ◽

Johannes G. Ramaekers

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Therapeutic Potential ◽

Well Being ◽

Altered States Of Consciousness ◽

Altered States ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

States Of Consciousness ◽

First Time ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Background and aims There is a growing body of evidence suggesting that the psychedelic plant tea, ayahuasca, holds therapeutic potential. Uthaug et al. (2018) demonstrated that a single dose of ayahuasca improved mental health sub-acutely and 4-weeks post-ceremony in healthy participants. The present study aimed to replicate and extend these findings. A first objective was to assess the sub-acute and long-term effects of ayahuasca on mental health and well-being in first-time and experienced users. A second aim was to extend the assessment of altered states of consciousness and how they relate to changes in mental health. Method Ayahuasca ceremony attendants (N = 73) were assessed before, the day after, and four weeks following the ceremony. Results We replicated the reduction in self-reported stress 4-weeks post ceremony, but, in contrast, found no reduction in depression. Also, increased satisfaction with life and awareness the day after the ceremony, and its return to baseline 4 weeks later, were replicated. New findings were: reduced ratings of anxiety and somatization, and increased levels of non-judging 4-weeks post-ceremony. We replicated the relation between altered states of consciousness (e.g., experienced ego dissolution during the ceremony) and mental health outcomes sub-acutely. The effects of ayahuasca did not differ between experienced and first-time users. Conclusion Partly in line with previous findings, ayahuasca produces long-term improvements in affect in non-clinical users. Furthermore, sub-acute mental health ratings are related to the intensity of the psychedelic experience. Although findings replicate and highlight the therapeutic potential of ayahuasca, this needs to be confirmed in placebo-controlled studies.

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Social Isolation and Sleep: Manifestation During COVID-19 Quarantines

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2021.810763 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

June J. Pilcher ◽

Logan L. Dorsey ◽

Samantha M. Galloway ◽

Dylan N. Erikson

Keyword(s):

Social Isolation ◽

Recent Literature ◽

Well Being ◽

Work Organizations ◽

Sleep Habits ◽

The Past ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Health And Well Being

Although researchers have investigated the impact of social isolation on well-being, the recent quarantines due to COVID-19 resulted in a social isolation environment that was unique to any examined in the past. Because sleep is one of the endogenous drives that impacts short and long-term health and well-being, it is important to consider how social isolation during the COVID-19 government-mandated quarantines affected sleep and sleep habits. A number of researchers have addressed this question during the last 2 years by examining several concepts related to possible changes in sleep during the quarantines. To best understand these recent results, the current mini review provides a background on the pre-pandemic literature on the effects of social isolation and loneliness with a focus on sleep and then summarizes the recent literature on sleep and sleep habits. In general, sleep was negatively impacted for many people during the pandemics but not all. One group that seemed to benefit from the pandemic in terms of sleep patterns, were younger people who could more easily adapt their sleep times to match their internal chronobiology. Given the potential broad impact of sleep on health and well-being, better understanding how social isolation impacts sleep is an important consideration for individuals, work organizations, and governments.

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New Insights Into the Clinical and Nonclinical Effects of Psychedelic Substances

European Psychologist ◽

10.1027/1016-9040/a000447 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Matthias Forstmann ◽

Christina Sagioglou

Keyword(s):

Subjective Effects ◽

Well Being ◽

The United States ◽

Clinical Samples ◽

Cognitive Mechanisms ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

History Of ◽

Short And Long Term

Abstract. After decades of stagnation, research on psychedelic substances (such as lysergic acid diethylamide [LSD], psilocybin, or N,N-dimethyltryptamine [DMT]) has experienced a renaissance over the last 10 years, with various major research programs being conducted across Europe and the United States. This research primarily investigates the potential of psychedelics in the treatment of mental health disorders, their short- and long-term effects on recreational users, and the neurological and cognitive processes responsible for their effects. The present review provides a concise summary of the most recent insights gained from this research. We briefly outline the history of psychedelic research, the objective and subjective effects caused by these substances, the prevalence and socio-psychological correlates of their use, as well as their potential for harm. Subsequently, we review empirical research on the beneficial effects of psychedelics in clinical samples, focusing on their efficacy in the treatment of major depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders, and discuss research on the proposed neural and cognitive mechanisms behind these effects. We then review research on their effects on healthy subjects, focusing on psychological well-being as well as changes in personality, nature-relatedness, and creativity. Finally, we review empirical evidence regarding the long-term effects of single experiences with psychedelics and conclude with a summary and outlook.

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Students with Parents Involved in Substance Abuse or Dependence

Supporting and Educating Traumatized Students ◽

10.1093/med-psych/9780190052737.003.0010 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 181-194

Author(s):

Celeste M. Malone ◽

Tierra T. Ellis ◽

DeLon Isom

Keyword(s):

Substance Use ◽

Behavioral Outcomes ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Social Emotional ◽

Wide Range ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

Parental Substance Use ◽

The Individual

Substance use affects more than the individual user; all those who have relationships with the person using are impacted and suffer the consequences of substance use. Parental substance use places children at risk for a wide range of adverse physical, psychological, social-emotional, and behavioral outcomes at all stages of the developmental continuum. However, schools can help mitigate those adverse outcomes by providing children with access to social support and helping them to develop coping skills. This chapter provides an overview of the short- and long-term effects of parental substance use and its impact on youth functioning and provides educators with strategies and resources to support these students and meet their needs.

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Grief in Medical Students: The Short and Long-Term Impacts on Health and Well-Being

American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® ◽

10.1177/10499091211011722 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104990912110117

Author(s):

Meghan J. Price ◽

Lucas P. Wachsmuth ◽

Kortni A. Ferguson ◽

Gregg A. Robbins-Welty ◽

Paul A. Riordan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Medical School ◽

Healthcare Workers ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Well Being ◽

Short And Long Term ◽

The Impact ◽

Mental And Physical Health ◽

Health And Well Being

Context: Healthcare workers often experience grief stemming from the loss of patients under their care. The impact of personal grief on healthcare workers’ wellbeing is less well described, particularly for trainees. To better characterize the prevalence and impact of personal grief on the mental and physical health of medical students, we conducted a survey of medical students at our institution. Methods: An electronic Qualtrics survey was distributed to all currently enrolled medical students at our institution. After an initial question screening for loss before or during medical school, our survey assessed (1) basic demographic data; (2) relationship to the deceased; (3) impact of the loss on trainee health; and (4) utilization of institutional supports for grief. Results: A total of 344 (68.8%) students responded to our survey. Two hundred and 25 (65.4%) students had experienced personal loss prior to or during medical school. 53.7% experienced more than 1 loss, with most of these losses (62.5%) occurring more than 2 years prior to the survey date. Up to 40% of respondents reported at least 1 psychologically distressing symptom that persisted beyond 1 year. Most students (93.8%) relied on family members for support; however, 23.2% of students indicated they would use institutional resources if available. Conclusion: Most medical students have experienced bereavement before or during medical school, which has had significant impact on their well-being. While medical students did not typically utilize institutionally based resources, many students expressed interest in such resources.

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Impacts of international labor migration on the mental health and well-being of left-behind children

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa165.691 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

K Antia ◽

J Boucsein ◽

A Deckert ◽

P Dambach ◽

J Racaite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Labor Migration ◽

Well Being ◽

Family Characteristics ◽

Transnational Families ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Left Behind ◽

Health And Well Being

Abstract Background Labor migration is a challenge for the globalised world due to its long-term effects such as the formation of transnational families with the particularly vulnerable groups of left-behind children (LBC). These families, where family members of migrant workers are 'left-behind' are becoming common practice in many developing countries. In this systematic literature review, we aimed to investigate the impacts of parental labor migration on the mental health and well-being of their LBC. Methods Following the PRISMA guidelines, we performed a systematic literature search in English using PubMed, PsychINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and Google Scholar for studies, investigating mental health and well-being among LBC who live in transnational families. Case-reports, qualitative studies as well as opinion papers were excluded. We summarized the evidence and additionally compared quantitative results. Results 25 studies were selected for the final analysis. We found that mental health and well-being outcomes of LBC differ across regions and sometimes even within regions. Only studies conducted in South America and South Asia observed purely negative effects. Overall, LBC show abnormal SDQ (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire) scores and report higher levels of depression and loneliness, than children who do not live in transnational families. Evidence suggests that gender of migrant parent, culture and other transnational family characteristics such as family arrangement, the role of the mother and the role of the father contribute to the well-being and psychological health of LBC. Conclusions International migration of parents has more negative than positive effects (e.g. through remittances) on the mental health and well-being of LBC. However, the effects strongly depend on family arrangements and care giving practices in migrants' sending countries. Key messages Further research utilizing longitudinal data is needed to better explore the complex and long-term effects of parental migration on LBC. Multidimensional family characteristics are crucial and should be better explored when examining the impacts of migratory separation on left-behind children.

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