scholarly journals Konsumsi dan tingkat subsistensi petani di Kampung Sei Berbari, Kecamatan Pusako, Kabupaten Siak Provinsi Riau

SOROT ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Mardiana Mardiana ◽  
Rita Yani Iyan ◽  
Yelly Zamaya
Keyword(s):  
Linear Regression ◽  
Exchange Rates ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Household Consumption ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Subsistence Level ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Farmer Income

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis konsumsi dan tingkat subsistensi rumah tangga petani.  Penelitian ini dilakukan di Kampung Sungai Berbari Kecamatan Pusako Kecamatan Siak Provinsi Riau.  Sampel diambil sebanyak 55 rumah tangga petani.  Sampel dikelompokkan kepada petani berlahan besar (> 2 hektar), berlahan sempit (< 2 hektar) dan penggarap (sebagian besar lahan yang dikelola milik orang lain).  Nilai tukar pendapatan petani dihitung dengan konsep nilai tukar subsisten (NTS).  Regresi liner berganda digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor yang mempengaruhi tingkat subsistensi petani.  Hasil kajian mendapati konsumsi rumah tangga petani berbanding lurus dengan luas lahan yang dimiliki.  Konsumsi pangan petani penggarap termasuk kategori rentan atau rawan pangan dan petani penggarap belum sejahtera karena persentase pengeluaran untuk pangan lebih besar dibandingkan persentase pengeluaran non-pangan. Man land ratio dan dependency ratio berpengaruh positip dan signifikan terhadap subsistensi rumah tangga petani. Petani pemilik lahan sendiri memiliki tingkat subsistensi yang lebih rendah dibanding petani yang menggarap lahan pihak lain.This article aims to analyze the consumption and subsistence level of farm households. This research was conducted in Sungai Berbari Village, Pusako District, Siak District Province of Riau. Samples were taken as many as 55 farm households. Samples were grouped with large-scale farmers (> 2 hectares), narrow land (<2 hectares) and tenants (most of the land that was managed by others). Farmer income exchange rates are calculated using the concept of subsistence exchange rates (NTS). Multiple linear regression is used to determine the factors that influence the level of subsistence of farmers. The results of the study found that household consumption of farmers is directly proportional to the area of land owned. Food consumption of smallholder farmers is categorized as vulnerable or food insecure and smallholders are not prosperous because the percentage of food expenditure is greater than the percentage of non-food expenditure. Man land ratio and dependency ratio have positive and significant influence on subsistence of farm households. Farmers owning land have lower subsistence levels compared to farmers who work on other parties' land.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENDAPATAN DAN KETAHANAN RUMAH TANGGA TANI (Studi Kasus: Desa Sei Buluh Kec. Teluk Mengkudu Kab. Serdang Bedagai)

JURNAL AGRICA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Faoeza Hafiz Saragih, M.Sc ◽  
Khairul Saleh
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
National Development ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
North Sumatra ◽  
Instant Noodles

<p><em>One of the aim national development is the improvement of food security where Sei Buluh village, Teluk Mengkudu district North Sumatra recommended as Agro Technopark area based on food crops. The aim of this study was to determine factors that affected the income and food security of farm households. The method used Two Stage Linear regression Square (2SLS). The results show that factors that affected farm income were the price of seed and land, meanwhile, factors that affected the share of food expenditure in the price of chicken, instant noodles prices, and farm income.</em></p>

Empirical Analysis of Farmers Household Food Security Levels in Salatiga, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-46
Author(s):  
Wahyu Ariyadi
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Household Food Security ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
Security Levels ◽  
Farmer Education ◽  
Farmer Income

This study aims to analyze the conditions of farm household food security levels and analyze the magnitude of the influence of factors such as farmer income, farmer education, farmer age, and number of family members on the level of food security of farm households in Sidorejo District, Salatiga City. This study uses data taken by survey methods and interviews with farmers as respondents. The number of samples used was 90 respondents, taken using the simple random sampling method in Pulutan Village, Kauman Kidul Village, and Blangkas Village as the areas where surveys and interviews were conducted with the largest number of farmer households registered in the Farmer Members Group in Sidorejo District. Data were analyzed using qualitative descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis with the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method, and the use of a proportion of food expenditure as an indicator for the level of food security of farm households. The analysis showed that statistically the factors of farmer income, farmer education, and the number of family members of the farmer had a significant effect on the level of food security of the household of the farmer, while the age factor of the farmer had no significant effect. Many as 55.56% of households have a proportion of food expenditure ≥ 60% or food insecurity. The rest, as much as 44.44% of households have food expenditure <60% or food security. Based on these results, the advice given is to increase farmers’ incomes by providing skills and training, as well as dissemination of policies on Sustainable Food Home Areas (KRPL).

scholarly journals Do Coffee Farmers Benefit in Food Security from Participating in Coffee Cooperatives? Evidence from Southwest Ethiopia Coffee Cooperatives

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zekarias Shumeta ◽  
Marijke D’Haese
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Staple Food ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Coffee Farmers ◽  
Food Expenditure ◽  
The Impact

Background: Most coffee in Ethiopia is produced by smallholder farmers who face a daily struggle to get sufficient income but also to feed their families. At the same time, many smallholder coffee producers are members of cooperatives. Yet, literature has paid little attention to the effect of cooperatives on combating food insecurity among cash crop producers including coffee farmers. Objective: The objective of the study was to investigate how coffee cooperative membership may affect food security among coffee farm households in Southwest Ethiopia. Methods: The study used cross-sectional household data on income, expenditure on food, staple food production (maize and teff), and utilization of improved inputs (fertilizer and improved seed) collected from 256 randomly selected farm households (132 cooperative members and 124 nonmembers) and applied an inverse probability weighting (IPW) estimation to assess the impact of cooperative membership on food security. Results: The result revealed that cooperative membership has a positive and significant effect on staple food production (maize and teff) and facilitated technological transformation via increased utilization of fertilizer and improved seeds. Nonetheless, the effect on food expenditure and income could not be confirmed. Conclusion: Findings suggest a trade-off between coffee marketing and input supply functions of the cooperatives, impairing their true food security impact from the pooled income and production effect.

Food insecurity transitions among rural households in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oluwakemi Adeola Obayelu ◽  
Emem Ime Akpan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Primary Education ◽  
Rural Households ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Dependency Ratio ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
Food Expenditure

Food insecurity dynamics of rural households in Nigeria was assessed using a panel data. Results showed that 44.4% of households that were food secure in the first panel transited into food insecurity in the second panel, while 32.5% that were mildly food insecure transited into food security. Furthermore, 25.7% transited from moderate food insecurity to food security, while 38.2% transited from severe food insecurity to food security. About 35.1% of households were never food insecure; 11.4% exited food insecurity 28.0% entered food insecurity; while 25.48% remained always food insecure. Having primary education, secondary education, dependency ratio, household size, share of non-food expenditure and farm size explained food insecurity transition. However, the likelihood of a household being always food insecure was explained by gender, female-to-male-adult ratio, marital status, primary education, secondary education, dependency ratio, share of non-food expenditure, farm size, access to credit and access to remittance.

scholarly journals Precision Agriculture for Resource Use Efficiency in Smallholder Farming Systems in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 1158
Author(s):  
Cecilia M. Onyango ◽  
Justine M. Nyaga ◽  
Johanna Wetterlind ◽  
Mats Söderström ◽  
Kristin Piikki
Keyword(s):  
Resource Use ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
English Language ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Sub Saharan

Opportunities exist for adoption of precision agriculture technologies in all parts of the world. The form of precision agriculture may vary from region to region depending on technologies available, knowledge levels and mindsets. The current review examined research articles in the English language on precision agriculture practices for increased productivity among smallholder farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa. A total of 7715 articles were retrieved and after screening 128 were reviewed. The results indicate that a number of precision agriculture technologies have been tested under SSA conditions and show promising results. The most promising precision agriculture technologies identified were the use of soil and plant sensors for nutrient and water management, as well as use of satellite imagery, GIS and crop-soil simulation models for site-specific management. These technologies have been shown to be crucial in attainment of appropriate management strategies in terms of efficiency and effectiveness of resource use in SSA. These technologies are important in supporting sustainable agricultural development. Most of these technologies are, however, at the experimental stage, with only South Africa having applied them mainly in large-scale commercial farms. It is concluded that increased precision in input and management practices among SSA smallholder farmers can significantly improve productivity even without extra use of inputs.

scholarly journals Choice of Modern Food Distribution Channels and Its Welfare Effects: Empirical Evidence from Taiwan

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Yun-Cih Chang ◽  
Min-Fang Wei ◽  
Yir-Hueih Luh
Keyword(s):  
Control Function ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Distribution Channel ◽  
Marketing Channel ◽  
Distribution Channels ◽  
Food Distribution ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Farm Household ◽  
Decomposition Approach

The determinants and/or economic effects of modern food distribution channels have attracted much attention in previous research. Studies on the welfare consequences of modern channel options, however, have been sparse. Based on a broader definition of modern food distribution channels including midstream processors and downstream retailers (supermarkets, hypermarkets, brand-named retailers), this study contributes to the existing body of knowledge by exploring the distributional implications of farm households’ choice of modern food distribution channels using a large and unique farm household dataset in Taiwan. Making use of the two-step control function approach, we identify the effect of modern food distribution options on farm households’ profitability. The results reveal selling farm produce to modern food distributors does not produce a positive differential compared to the traditional outlets. Another dimension of farm household welfare affected by the choice of modern food distribution channel is income inequality. We apply the Lerman and Yitzhaki decomposition approach to gain a better understanding of the effect of the marketing channel option on the overall distribution of farm household income. The Gini decomposition of different income sources indicates that the choice of modern food distribution channels results in an inequality-equalizing effect among the farm households in Taiwan, suggesting the inclusion of smallholder farmers in the modern food distribution channels improves the overall welfare of the rural society.

scholarly journals Agricultural Technical Efficiency of Smallholder Farmers in Ethiopia: A Stochastic Frontier Approach

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 246
Author(s):  
Markose Chekol Zewdie ◽  
Michele Moretti ◽  
Daregot Berihun Tenessa ◽  
Zemen Ayalew Ayele ◽  
Jan Nyssen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Stochastic Frontier ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Stochastic Frontier Approach ◽  
Small Scale Irrigation

In the past decade, to improve crop production and productivity, Ethiopia has embarked on an ambitious irrigation farming expansion program and has introduced new large- and small-scale irrigation initiatives. However, in Ethiopia, poverty remains a challenge, and crop productivity per unit area of land is very low. Literature on the technical efficiency (TE) of large-scale and small-scale irrigation user farmers as compared to the non-user farmers in Ethiopia is also limited. Investigating smallholder farmers’ TE level and its principal determinants is very important to increase crop production and productivity and to improve smallholder farmers’ livelihood and food security. Using 1026 household-level cross-section data, this study adopts a technology flexible stochastic frontier approach to examine agricultural TE of large-scale irrigation users, small-scale irrigation users and non-user farmers in Ethiopia. The results indicate that, due to poor extension services and old-style agronomic practices, the mean TE of farmers is very low (44.33%), implying that there is a wider room for increasing crop production in the study areas through increasing the TE of smallholder farmers without additional investment in novel agricultural technologies. Results also show that large-scale irrigation user farmers (21.05%) are less technically efficient than small-scale irrigation user farmers (60.29%). However, improving irrigation infrastructure shifts the frontier up and has a positive impact on smallholder farmers’ output.

scholarly journals QUBO formulations for training machine learning models

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna Date ◽  
Davis Arthur ◽  
Lauren Pusey-Nazzaro
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Quantum Computers ◽  
Np Hard ◽  
Learning Models ◽  
Moore’S Law ◽  
Moore's Law ◽  
Machine Learning Models

AbstractTraining machine learning models on classical computers is usually a time and compute intensive process. With Moore’s law nearing its inevitable end and an ever-increasing demand for large-scale data analysis using machine learning, we must leverage non-conventional computing paradigms like quantum computing to train machine learning models efficiently. Adiabatic quantum computers can approximately solve NP-hard problems, such as the quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO), faster than classical computers. Since many machine learning problems are also NP-hard, we believe adiabatic quantum computers might be instrumental in training machine learning models efficiently in the post Moore’s law era. In order to solve problems on adiabatic quantum computers, they must be formulated as QUBO problems, which is very challenging. In this paper, we formulate the training problems of three machine learning models—linear regression, support vector machine (SVM) and balanced k-means clustering—as QUBO problems, making them conducive to be trained on adiabatic quantum computers. We also analyze the computational complexities of our formulations and compare them to corresponding state-of-the-art classical approaches. We show that the time and space complexities of our formulations are better (in case of SVM and balanced k-means clustering) or equivalent (in case of linear regression) to their classical counterparts.

scholarly journals Within-Season Changes in Land-Use Impact Pest Abundance in Smallholder African Cassava Production Systems

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 269 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Kalyebi ◽  
Sarina Macfadyen ◽  
Andrew Hulthen ◽  
Patrick Ocitti ◽  
Frances Jacomb ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Smallholder Farmers ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Smallholder Farming ◽  
Manihot Esculenta Crantz

Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), an important commercial and food security crop in East and Central Africa, continues to be adversely affected by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. In Uganda, changes in smallholder farming landscapes due to crop rotations can impact pest populations but how these changes affect pest outbreak risk is unknown. We investigated how seasonal changes in land-use have affected B. tabaci population dynamics and its parasitoids. We used a large-scale field experiment to standardize the focal field in terms of cassava age and cultivar, then measured how Bemisia populations responded to surrounding land-use change. Bemisia tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) was identified using molecular diagnostics as the most prevalent species and the same species was also found on surrounding soybean, groundnut, and sesame crops. We found that an increase in the area of cassava in the 3–7-month age range in the landscape resulted in an increase in the abundance of the B. tabaci SSA1 on cassava. There was a negative relationship between the extent of non-crop vegetation in the landscape and parasitism of nymphs suggesting that these parasitoids do not rely on resources in the non-crop patches. The highest abundance of B. tabaci SSA1 nymphs in cassava fields occurred at times when landscapes had large areas of weeds, low to moderate areas of maize, and low areas of banana. Our results can guide the development of land-use strategies that smallholder farmers can employ to manage these pests.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document