scholarly journals Status of fertilizer and seed subsidy in Nepal: review and recommendation

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwas Raj Bista ◽  
Sujan Dhungel ◽  
Santosh Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Subsidy Program ◽  
Health Inputs ◽  
Secondary Information

The study focuses on the review of existing programs and policies regarding input subsidy in Nepal especially in seeds and fertilizers. The study aims to review timeline in subsidy programs, budget details and progress based on the gleaning of the secondary information available in the Ministry of Agricultural Development. The assured budget allocation for chemical fertilizers subsidy has led to increment in consumption over the years. Nepal spent 52.29 billion Nepali Rupees in importing chemical fertilizers and 23.19 billion in subsidy in last seven years. Nepal Government has also been promoting organic fertilizers however, the subsidy allocated to this program has not been able to take the pace. Seed subsidy program has been found to be impressive; however, it is confined to wheat and paddy only. The subsidy program is targeted mainly to the small and marginal farmers. The seed subsidy program should be expanded to pulses and oilseed crops as well. The organic fertilizers should be promoted to maintain long-term soil health. Inputs subsidy policy and programs should cover all farmer categories.

scholarly journals Study on the Influencing Factors of Farmers' Purchase Behavior of Organic Fertilizers Based on Logistic Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Luo Lin ◽  
Shi Yu Ming
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Purchase Behavior ◽  
Main Body ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Surrounding Areas

The widespread use of chemical fertilizers has played an important role in China's agricultural development, but with the increasing input of chemical fertilizers, it has caused serious impact on the ecological environment, leading to agricultural non-point source pollution, food safety and many other problems. In order to promote the sustainable development of agriculture, China has issued a series of policies to popularize organic fertilizer in agriculture, which can not only improve the quality of agricultural products, promote agricultural production and increase income, but also make resource utilization of urban and rural organic wastes and protect the environment. Farmers are the main force of agricultural production and also the main body of rural environmental protection. It is of great significance to study farmers' ecological behavior. Through a survey of 407 farmers in the surrounding areas of Chengdu, Sichuan Province in 2019, and the logitstic model constructed based on the survey data, this article analyzed the factors influencing farmers' behavior in purchasing organic fertilizer. The results show that 12 indexes such as farmers' gender, education level, and the number of family farmers are the main factors influencing farmers' purchase of organic fertilizer. At the end, the article puts forward relevant policy recommendations to guide farmers to purchase and apply organic fertilizer.

scholarly journals Bio-fertilizers: Demand of modern time and safe future

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Rani Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Daunting Challenge ◽  
Agriculture Systems

In modern agriculture, owing to heavy usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the crops, sustainability of the agriculture systems collapsed and cost of cultivation soared at a high rate. Income of farmers stagnated and food security became a daunting challenge. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea, along with chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction in soil health. Now a day, bio fertilizers have emerged as a highly potent alternative to chemical fertilizers due to their eco-friendly, easy to apply, non-toxic and cost effective nature. They also make nutrients that are naturally abundant in soil or atmosphere, usable for plants and act as supplements to agrochemicals. Bio-fertilizers1 being essential components of organic farming play vital role in maintaining long term soil fertility and sustainability by fixing atmospheric dinitrogen (N=N), mobilizing fixed macro and micro nutrients or convert insoluble Phosphorous in the soil into available forms to plants, there by increases their efficiency and availability.

Удобрение огурца в Западной Сибири

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Т.А. Кuznetsova ◽  
N.А. Коlpakov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Control Variant ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Different Doses

Показано, что длительное применение как минеральных, так и органических удобрений в различных дозах и сочетаниях положительно влияет на урожайность огурца. Установлено, что в условиях 14-й ротации урожайность на всех вариантах опыта была выше, чем на контрольном варианте и составила 16,4–22,3 т/га, против 16,0 т/га в контроле.The authors show that the long-term use of both mineral and organic fertilizers in different doses and combinations has a positive effect on the yield of cucumber. It was found that under 14 rotation conditions the yield on all variants of the experiment was higher than on the control variant and amounted to 16.4–22.3 t/ha, against 16.0 t/ha on the control.

scholarly journals Agricultural Support Policies and China’s Cyclical Evolutionary Path of Agricultural Economic Growth

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6134
Author(s):  
Xiangdong Guo ◽  
Pei Lung ◽  
Jianli Sui ◽  
Ruiping Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Economic ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Agricultural Policies ◽  
Growth Trend ◽  
Agricultural Economy ◽  
Growth Status ◽  
Growth Regime ◽  
Agricultural Support

Due to the weak nature of agricultural production, governments usually adopt supportive policies to protect food security. To discern the growth of agriculture from 2001 to 2018 under China’s agricultural support policies, we use the nonlinear MS(M)-AR(p) model to distinguish China’s agricultural economic cycle into three growth regimes—rapid, medium, and low—and analyze the probability of shifts and maintenance among the different regimes. We further calculated the average duration of each regime. Moreover, we calculated the growth regime transfers for specific times. In this study, we find that China’s agricultural economy has maintained a relatively consistent growth trend with the support of China’s proactive agricultural policies. However, China’s agricultural economy tends to maintain a low-growth status in the long-term. Finally, we make policy recommendations for agricultural development based on our findings that continue existing agricultural policies and strengthen support for agriculture, forestry, and animal husbandry.

Responses of natural 15N abundance in cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) and soil to the application of organic and chemical fertilizers

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 819-827 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Wang ◽  
Guoqing Hu ◽  
Yanhong Lou ◽  
Zhihui Su ◽  
Yuping Zhuge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Plant Root ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Nitrogen Isotope ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
15N Abundance

Natural nitrogen isotope abundance (δ15N) has been suggested as a potential indicator for discriminating organic vegetables from their conventional counterparts. However, little is known about the δ15N characteristic of cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis) under organic production and how the application of chemical fertilizers could affect this characteristic. In this study, δ15N characteristics of cauliflower (including the intra-plant δ15N characteristic) and soil under different fertilization treatments were investigated under field conditions. Five treatments were laid out: control, chemical fertilizers (F4M0), organic fertilizer (F0M4), and chemical fertilizer in combination with organic fertilizer at the ratio of 3:1 (F3M1) and 1:3 (F1M3). Results showed that plant δ15N was positively correlated with fertilizer δ15N and plant root/flower was more sensitive to changes of fertilizer δ15N and soil δ15N than leaf/stem. Distribution of δ15N in different plant parts (especially in flower and leaf) was significantly changed when organic fertilizers were partially or totally substituted by chemical fertilizers, suggesting a comparison of flower δ15N and leaf δ15N might be applicable for the organic identification of marketed cauliflowers. Our results provide fundamental data for the soil- and fertilizer-specific crop δ15N database and indicate that the intra-plant δ15N characteristic could be helpful for organic cauliflower identification.

Influence of agricultural management on soil organic carbon: A compendium and assessment of Canadian studies

2003 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. VandenBygaart ◽  
E. G. Gregorich ◽  
D. A. Angers
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Soil Organic Carbon ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Management ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Native Land ◽  
Soc Stocks ◽  
Long Term Studies

To fulfill commitments under the Kyoto Protocol, Canada is required to provide verifiable estimates and uncertainties for soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks, and for changes in those stocks over time. Estimates and uncertainties for agricultural soils can be derived from long-term studies that have measured differences in SOC between different management practices. We compiled published data from long-term studies in Canada to assess the effect of agricultural management on SOC. A total of 62 studies were compiled, in which the difference in SOC was determined for conversion from native land to cropland, and for different tillage, crop rotation and fertilizer management practices. There was a loss of 24 ± 6% of the SOC after native land was converted to agricultural land. No-till (NT) increased the storage of SOC in western Canada by 2.9 ± 1.3 Mg ha-1; however, in eastern Canada conversion to NT did not increase SOC. In general, the potential to store SOC when NT was adopted decreased with increasing background levels of SOC. Using no-tillage, reducing summer fallow, including hay in rotation with wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), plowing green manures into the soil, and applying N and organic fertilizers were the practices that tended to show the most consistent in creases in SOC storage. By relating treatment SOC levels to those in the control treatments, SOC stock change factors and their levels of uncertainty were derived for use in empirical models, such as the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Guidelines model for C stock changes. However, we must be careful when attempting to extrapolate research plot data to farmers’ fields since the history of soil and crop management has a significant influence on existing and future SOC stocks. Key words: C sequestration, tillage, crop rotations, fertilizer, cropping intensity, Canada

Impacts of switching tillage to no-tillage and vice versa on soil structure, enzyme activities, and prokaryotic community profiles in Argentinean semi-arid soils

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
L A Gabbarini ◽  
E Figuerola ◽  
J P Frene ◽  
N B Robledo ◽  
F M Ibarbalz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Amplicon Sequencing ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Prokaryotic Community ◽  
C Cycle

Abstract The effects of tillage on soil structure, physiology, and microbiota structure were studied in a long-term field experiment, with side-to-side plots, established to compare effects of conventional tillage (CT) vs. no-till (NT) agriculture. After 27 years, part of the field under CT was switched to NT and vice versa. Soil texture, soil enzymatic profiles, and the prokaryotic community structure (16S rRNA genes amplicon sequencing) were analysed at two soil depths (0–5, 5–10 cm) in samples taken 6, 18, and 30 months after switching tillage practices. Soil enzymatic activities were higher in NT than CT, and enzymatic profiles responded to the changes much earlier than the overall prokaryotic community structure. Beta diversity measurements of the prokaryotic community indicated that the levels of stratification observed in long-term NT soils were already recovered in the new NT soils thirty months after switching from CT to NT. Bacteria and Archaea OTUs, which responded to NT were associated with coarse soil fraction, SOC and C cycle enzymes while CT responders were related to fine soil fractions and S cycle enzymes. This study showed the potential of managing the soil prokaryotic community and soil health through changes in agricultural management practices.

CHEMICAL AND ORGANIC FERTILIZERS AND THEIR RELATION TO GRASSLAND.

1934 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
J.A. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Farm Animal ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Plant Food ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Animal Manures ◽  
Plant Life

A growing plant obtains energy from the sun's rays and fertility from the soil and transforms these raw materials into wholesome food for man and beast. Without plant food we cannot have plant life. . Withdrawals of soil fertility must be replenished. Farm animal manures, plant refuse, meat works manures and chemical fertilizers constitute the principal means used to offset these losses.

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