scholarly journals Bio-fertilizers: Demand of modern time and safe future

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Usha Rani Singh
Keyword(s):  
Soil Health ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Daunting Challenge ◽  
Agriculture Systems

In modern agriculture, owing to heavy usage of chemical fertilizers and pesticides on the crops, sustainability of the agriculture systems collapsed and cost of cultivation soared at a high rate. Income of farmers stagnated and food security became a daunting challenge. Indiscriminate and imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers, especially urea, along with chemical pesticides and unavailability of organic manures has led to considerable reduction in soil health. Now a day, bio fertilizers have emerged as a highly potent alternative to chemical fertilizers due to their eco-friendly, easy to apply, non-toxic and cost effective nature. They also make nutrients that are naturally abundant in soil or atmosphere, usable for plants and act as supplements to agrochemicals. Bio-fertilizers1 being essential components of organic farming play vital role in maintaining long term soil fertility and sustainability by fixing atmospheric dinitrogen (N=N), mobilizing fixed macro and micro nutrients or convert insoluble Phosphorous in the soil into available forms to plants, there by increases their efficiency and availability.

scholarly journals PENINGKATAN PERTUMBUHAN PADI VAR CIHERANG SETELAH DIINOKULASI DENGAN Azospirillum MUTAN MULTIFUNGSI PENAMBAT N2, PELARUT P DAN PENGHASIL FITOHORMON INDOLE ACETIC ACID (IAA).

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30
Author(s):  
Eny Ida Riyanti ◽  
Edy Listanto
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole Acetic Acid ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Rice Seed ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Fertilizer Recommendations

Modern agriculture rellies on the application of fertilizer to enhanched plant growth. Excessive application of chemical fertilizers in the long term will decrease soil fertility, therefore the use of biological fertilizers is expected to reduce the negative impact. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of multi-functional Azospirillum for N2-fixation, phosphate solubilizer  and producing phytohormone Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) on the growth of rice plants Ciherang in the pot experiment conducted in the BB Biogen’s greenhouse. Two treatments were tested: types of inoculation (not inoculated, were inoculated with the wildtype AjB 6.4.1.2 and inoculated with mutant isolates AJM 3.7.1.14), and 4 levels of fertilizer application (not fertilized, a quarter dose of paddy fertilizer recommendations, a half dose of fertilizer rice in the rice fields, and the appropriate dose of fertilizer in paddy fields). Azospirillum used is wildtype isolate AjB 6.4.1.2 and mutant isolate AJM 3.7.1.14 isolated and and mutated in BB Biogen. Ciherang rice seed inoculated with Azospirillum on the cell density of 106 cells / ml at the different seedlings tub. After the age of 14 days after planting, the seedlings were transferred into pots with three plants per pot. Parameters measured were: plant height, number of tillers, number of panicles per clump, fresh weight and dry panicles per clump, weight of 100 grains, and the content of N and P stover. Results show that inoculantion, affect significantly on the number of panicles per hill, grain weight per panicle and the dry weight of grains per panicle. 

scholarly journals Simple Soil Tests for On-Site Evaluation of Soil Health in Orchards

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (21) ◽  
pp. 6009
Author(s):  
Esther O. Thomsen ◽  
Jennifer R. Reeve ◽  
Catherine M. Culumber ◽  
Diane G. Alston ◽  
Robert Newhall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Biomass ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Soil Tests ◽  
Site Evaluation ◽  
Positive Correlations

Standard commercial soil tests typically quantify nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, pH, and salinity. These factors alone are not sufficient to predict the long-term effects of management on soil health. The goal of this study was to assess the effectiveness and use of simple physical, biological, and chemical soil health indicator tests that can be completed on-site. Analyses were conducted on soil samples collected from three experimental peach orchards located on the Utah State Horticultural Research Farm in Kaysville, Utah. All simple tests were correlated to comparable lab analyses using Pearson’s correlation. The highest positive correlations were found between Solvita® respiration, and microbial biomass (R = 0.88), followed by our modified slake test and microbial biomass (R = 0.83). Both Berlese funnel and pit count methods of estimating soil macro-organism diversity were fairly predictive of soil health. Overall, simple commercially available chemical tests were weak indicators of soil nutrient concentrations compared to laboratory tests. Modified slake tests, Solvita® respiration and soil organism biodiversity counts may be efficient and cost-effective tools for monitoring soil health on-site.

scholarly journals Microbes as Biofertilizers, a Potential Approach for Sustainable Crop Production

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1868
Author(s):  
Shaista Nosheen ◽  
Iqra Ajmal ◽  
Yuanda Song
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Sustainable Crop Production ◽  
Hazardous Chemical ◽  
Complex Forms ◽  
Global Food ◽  
Good Substitute

Continuous decline of earth’s natural resources and increased use of hazardous chemical fertilizers pose a great concern for the future of agriculture. Biofertilizers are a promising alternative to hazardous chemical fertilizers and are gaining importance for attaining sustainable agriculture. Biofertilizers play a key role in increasing crop yield and maintaining long-term soil fertility, which is essential for meeting global food demand. Microbes can interact with the crop plants and enhance their immunity, growth, and development. Nitrogen, phosphorous, potassium, zinc, and silica are the essential nutrients required for the proper growth of crops, but these nutrients are naturally present in insolubilized or complex forms. Certain microorganisms render them soluble and make them available to the plants. The potential microbes, their mode of action, along with their effect on crops, are discussed in this review. Biofertilizers, being cost effective, non-toxic, and eco-friendly, serve as a good substitute for expensive and harmful chemical fertilizers. The knowledge gained from this review can help us to understand the importance of microbes in agriculture and the ways to formulate these microbes as biofertilizers for sustainable crop production.

Poverty and Microfinance in Char Areas of Dhubri District in Assam

2019 ◽  
pp. 386-401
Author(s):  
Shahjahan Ali Sheikh ◽  
Kanchan Datta
Keyword(s):  
Financial Services ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Access To Credit ◽  
The Poor ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Self Help Groups

In India, 70% of population lives in rural area and 60% of population earn their livelihood from agriculture which implies a high rate of underemployment and poverty. The root cause of poverty is the low access to credit facilities. Micro finance in this respect can play a vital role in providing financial services to the poor. In India Micro finance is dominated by self-help groups (SHGs), bank linkage programs aimed at providing a cost effective mechanism for providing financial services to unreached poor to fight against poverty. The chapter, thus, aims at identifying the current status, role, and performance of microfinance in Char areas of Assam in India. The chapter is concluded with the stress that more and more number of SHGs should be encouraged to form among the poor household in the study area to avail the benefit and cross poverty line.

Humane Care: Seeing the Person Behind the Patient—A Case Study

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarajane Brittis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Term Care ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Care Recipients ◽  
Adult Day Health Care

This article is about the importance of retaining a focus on the humanity of older adults while rendering care to them through community and long-term care services. It is written from my experience as a director of a community service (Adult Day Health Care [ADHC] program), a program officer at a foundation devoted to improving health care for older Americans, a researcher who spent years conducting interviews with staff workers in long-term care services, and from the perspective of a professional and personal caregiver and friend to many elders living in the community—in their own homes and in nursing homes. From these diverse professional and personal roles and perspectives, I have learned that the formation of authentic human relationships, which go beyond the routine medical, nursing, and social work approach to care, can play a vital role in healing and addressing loneliness in elders—and transform the lives of their personal and professional caregivers as well. A focus on humanity need not cost money or place a heavy demand on the worker. In fact, it can be one of the most cost-effective approaches to improving quality in health care, attracting workers to the field of long-term care, and boosting the morale of both caregivers and care recipients.

scholarly journals Status of fertilizer and seed subsidy in Nepal: review and recommendation

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diwas Raj Bista ◽  
Sujan Dhungel ◽  
Santosh Adhikari
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Subsidy Policy ◽  
Oilseed Crops ◽  
Subsidy Program ◽  
Health Inputs ◽  
Secondary Information

The study focuses on the review of existing programs and policies regarding input subsidy in Nepal especially in seeds and fertilizers. The study aims to review timeline in subsidy programs, budget details and progress based on the gleaning of the secondary information available in the Ministry of Agricultural Development. The assured budget allocation for chemical fertilizers subsidy has led to increment in consumption over the years. Nepal spent 52.29 billion Nepali Rupees in importing chemical fertilizers and 23.19 billion in subsidy in last seven years. Nepal Government has also been promoting organic fertilizers however, the subsidy allocated to this program has not been able to take the pace. Seed subsidy program has been found to be impressive; however, it is confined to wheat and paddy only. The subsidy program is targeted mainly to the small and marginal farmers. The seed subsidy program should be expanded to pulses and oilseed crops as well. The organic fertilizers should be promoted to maintain long-term soil health. Inputs subsidy policy and programs should cover all farmer categories.

scholarly journals THE RESPONSE OF BIO-FERTILIZERS TO THE PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF CEREAL CROPS

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (supplement 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak P. Gite ◽  
Prakash A. Gite ◽  
Mayur S. Darvhankar ◽  
Mayur S. Darvhankar ◽  
Mayur S. Darvhankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Limited Resource ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Production Potential ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Increase Crop Yield

The land is a limited resource. Due to the increase in population; it is necessary to increase crop yield from the viewpoint of food security. The sole use of inorganic fertilizers may create an imbalance in soil health by the reduction in crop yield. For sustainable crop production, it is necessary to balance the soil health using organics and bio-fertilizers along with the optimum use of chemical fertilizers. Bio-fertilizers are important in the nutrient management of crops because of their role in nutrient supply leading to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. The use of Bio-fertilizers is a cost-effective and eco-friendly technology in crop production which is gaining importance in crop production the commonly used biofertilizers are azotobactor, azosprillium, PSB, VAM fungi.

A cost effective, highly porous, manganese oxide/carbon supercapacitor material with high rate capability

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (15) ◽  
pp. 5390-5394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rongfang Wang ◽  
Yuanyuan Ma ◽  
Hui Wang ◽  
Julian Key ◽  
Dan Brett ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Capacitance ◽  
Carbon Material ◽  
Rate Capability ◽  
High Specific Capacitance ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Cycle Stability ◽  
High Rate Capability ◽  
Highly Porous

A porous, cube-shaped, Mn2O3/carbon material has been prepared and it shows a high specific capacitance of 349.6 F g−1 at 50 mA g−1 and excellent long-term cycle stability after 2000 cycles.

scholarly journals Comparative study of IUCD inserted intracesarean and after vaginal delivery

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 2007
Author(s):  
Archana Goyal ◽  
Rekha Wadhwani
Keyword(s):  
Removal Rate ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Intrauterine Device ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Expulsion Rate ◽  
Intrauterine Contraceptive

Background: In view of high rate of unintended pregnancy in our country, particularly in post-partum women, there is a need for reliable, effective, long-term contraception such as intrauterine device (IUD) in post-partum women. The present study was planned to evaluate the safety and efficacy of immediate post-partum IUD insertion in women delivering vaginally or by caesarean section.Methods: The women recruited had CuT 380A insertion immediately after delivery of placenta in vaginal or caesarean delivery. Women having post-partum haemorrhage (PPH), anaemia, pre-labour rupture of membranes >18 h, obstructed labour and distorted uterine cavity by fibroid or by congenital malformation were excluded from the study. The women were followed up at 6 weeks after delivery.Results: A total of 500 women were included in the study. The present study shows that expulsion rate was more in postplacental insertion group i.e. 13.2% while among intracaesarean group it was 6.8% and this difference was statistically significant. Removal rate of PPIUCD (Post-partum Intrauterine Contraceptive device) was higher in postplacental insertion i.e.43 (17.2%) cases whereas in intracaesarean insertion removal rate was 8.4%. Most common cause of removal of PPIUCD in our study was pelvic pain and menstrual disturbances.Conclusions: Thus, from our study it is concluded that PPIUCD is safe, convenient, cost effective, reversible and long-term birth spacing method. It should be part of a maternal/newborn/reproductive health package.

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