scholarly journals Influence of Gender on Total Serum Creatine Kinase and Creatine Kinase-Mb Levels of Nigerian Hypertensives

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1436-1439
Author(s):  
Henry Afamuefuna Efobi ◽  
Iya Eze Bassey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Creatine Kinase Mb ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Total Creatine ◽  
Gender Specific

Introduction: Hypertension is a long-term medical condition which when not detected and managed properly and on time often results to complications leading to disabilities and mortality. Gender has been known to affect the interpretation of some variables necessitating the need for gender-specific ranges. Objectives:This study evaluated total creatine kinase (CK) and creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB) isoenzyme activities of hypertensive subjects in Calabar, Nigeria and to assess if gender has influence on the activities of these enzymes. Methodology:One hundred and two participants were consecutively enrolled in this case control study. Serum total serum CK and CK-MB activity were evaluated in fifty one hypertensive and 51 normotensive subjects. The total CK levels were assessed using a spectrophotometric method while immunoinhibition method was used to determine the activity of CK-MB. Data was analyzed using Student’s t-test and Pearson’s correlation. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results:The total creatine kinase activities of the hypertensives did not differ significantly from those of the normotensive controls (p = 0.428) while the serum CK-MB activities of the hypertensive subjects were significantly higher than those of the normotensive controls (p=0.000). The body mass index of the hypertensives was significantly higher than those of the normotensive subjects (p=0.030). Gender had no effect on the blood pressure, body mass index and levels of CK and CK-MB (p>0.05). There was also no significant correlation (p>0.05) between blood pressure, body mass index and the levels of CK and CK-MB. Conclusion:CK-MB activities were significantly higher in hypertensive subjects compared to normotensive controls. There were no gender specific differences in the CK-MB levels of male and female hypertensives. This cardiac marker should be included in the routine assessment of hypertensives and gender-specific considerations may not be necessary in the interpretation of the data.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Salivary Cortisol, Self-Assessed Stress Levels, and Body Mass Index in High Achieving High School Adolescents

Elements ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Samir
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Metabolism Regulation ◽  
Stress Levels ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
High Achieving

Studies of stress and cortisol levels in adults indicate that keeping normal levels of cortisol is beneficial to subjects. The hormone cortisol has many functions including proper glucose metabolism, regulation of blood pressure, immune function, and inflammatory  response. When cortisol levels spike, as with stress, there can be a negative effect on the individual. Due to the hectic pace of modern life, the body’s stress response does not always have time to return to normal, leading to cortisol levels remaining too high. This can lead to suppressed thyroid function, blood sugar imbalances, higher blood pressure, lowered immunity, and increased abdominal fat. Stress plays a prominent role in the lives of millions of people all across the globe. This problem is not one that affects solely the adult population but also a multitude of adolescents and children. Oftentimes, stress can have both a physical and psychological effect on an individual. Many persons report an effect on food consumption when under stressful situations, causing one to either eat more or less than normal. In turn, these eating patterns can potentially influence the Body Mass Index (BMI) of an individual. While increased stress can lead to a higher or lower than normal cortisol level and BMI in adults, the role in adolescents is not entirely clear. This study investigated whether there is a relationship between stress and BMI in high-achieving adolescents, aged 14 to 18. The Perceived Stress Scale survey paired with additional questions that helped determine variables believed to impact stress levels were administered to determine overall stress levels in each subject. To determine cortisol levels, a competitive enzyme immunoassay was used.  This study indicates that there   are no significant correlations between perceived stress levels, salivary cortisol levels, and BMI in this group of individuals. However, a distinct difference in self-assessed stress levels was apparent between males and females. Somewhat unexpectedly, a negative relationship was found between BMI and salivary cortisol levels and perceived stress and salivary cortisol levels.

scholarly journals Association between eating habits, body mass index, cardiorespiratory fitness, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miguel Angelo dos Santos DUARTE JUNIOR ◽  
Adroaldo Cezar Araujo GAYA ◽  
Vanilson Batista LEMES ◽  
Camila Felin FOCHESATTO ◽  
Caroline BRAND ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors

ABSTRACT Objective To verify the multivariate relationships between eating habits, cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index, and cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Methods This is a cross-sectional study developed in a public elementary school with 60 first- to sixth-graders. Their eating habits were assessed using the Food Frequency Survey, weight, height, and cardiorespiratory fitness, assessed according to the Projeto Esporte Brasil protocol. Moreover, the variables, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, glucose, insulin, C-reactive protein, adiponectin, leptin, diastolic and systolic blood pressure were evaluated. Descriptive statistics were used for data analysis and generalized estimation equations were used for the analysis of direct and indirect relations, in a multivariate analysis model with several simultaneous outcomes. Results It appears that the eating habits and cardiorespiratory fitness explain 20% of the body mass index. Cardiometabolic risk factors are explained by the relationship between eating habits, cardiorespiratory fitness, and body mass index, according to the following percentages: 29% (systolic blood pressure), 18% (diastolic blood pressure), 63% (leptin), 4% (adiponectin), 14% (C-reactive protein), 17% (insulin), 10% (high-density lipoprotein), 1% (low-density lipoprotein), 4% (glucose). It is also observed that the effects of the eating habits on cardiometabolic risk factors are indirect, that is, they are dependent on changes in the body mass index and cardiorespiratory fitness levels. Conclusions The relationship between eating habits and cardiometabolic risk factors in children is dependent on cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index. Thus, our findings suggest a multivariate relationship between these factors.

scholarly journals The effects of three-week fasting diet on blood pressure, lipid profile and glucoregulation in extremely obese patients

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 440-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biljana Beleslin ◽  
Jasmina Ciric ◽  
Milos Zarkovic ◽  
Zorana Penezic ◽  
Svetlana Vujovic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Glucose Intolerance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obese Patients

Introduction Obesity is often accompanied by a number of complications including diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Elevated blood pressure and lipids, as well as deterioration of glucoregulation are attributed, as the most significant factors, to development of diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular complications in obese patients. Objective The aim of our study was to evaluate the effects of a fasting diet on blood pressure, lipid profile and glucoregulatory parameters. Method We included 110 patients (33 male and 77 female; mean age 35?1 years, body weight 131.7?2.6 kg, body mass index 45.4?0.8 kg/m2) who were hospitalized for three weeks for the treatment of extreme obesity with the fasting diet. At the beginning, during, and at the end of this period, we evaluated changes in blood pressure, lipid profile, as well as parameters of glucoregulation including glycaemia, insulinaemia, and insulin sensitivity by HOMA. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed in all patients at the beginning and at the end of the fasting diet. Results During the fasting diet, the body weight decreased from 131.7?2.6 kg to 117.7?2.4 kg (p<0.001), the body mass index decreased from 45.4?0.8 kg/m2 to 40.8?0.8 kg/m2 (p<0.001), and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure significantly declined (143?2 vs. 132?2 mm Hg, p<0.001; 92?2 vs. 85?2 mm Hg, p<0.001). In addition, the fasting diet produced a significant decrease in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, as well as basal glycaemia and insulinaemia (p<0.001) Before the fasting diet, OGTT was normal in 76% of patients, whereas 21% of patients showed glucose intolerance, and 4% of patients diabetes mellitus. After the fasting diet, OGTT was normal in 88% of patients, whereas 12% of patients still had signs of glucose intolerance (p<0.05). In addition, insulin resistance significantly (p<0.05) increased from 54?6% to 89?13% after the fasting diet. Conclusion The three-week fasting diet in extremely obese patients produced a significant decrease and normalization of blood pressure, decrease in lipids, and improvement in glucoregulation including the increase in insulin sensitivity.

scholarly journals Blood Type and Blood Pressure Correlations to Body Mass Index in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 203
Author(s):  
Bambang Edi Suwito ◽  
Viskasari P Kalanjati ◽  
Abdurachman Abdurachman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Blood Type ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Abo Blood Type ◽  
Level Of Significance

Specific ABO blood type was reported to the higher risk of having overweight and obesity. The laters had also been suggested to correlate to blood pressure. Here we studied blood type and blood pressure amongst seemingly healthy university students of IIKBW, Kediri to understand their correlations to the body mass index (BMI). The blood typing (ABO typing, Eryclone®) and blood pressure (automated digital sphygmomanometer) of 74 male and 76 female were measured in duplicate accordingly. The BMI was analysed from the student’s body weight and height using a digital balance and a microtoise staturemeter, respectively. Data were analysed using SPSS 17 with p<0.05 level of significance. There were 18.7% students have A blood type, 31.3% students were B type, 44% were O and 6.0% with AB blood type. There were 30.7% students with obesity, 18% overweight, 36% normal weight and 15.3% underweight. There were 4.7% had a hypertension, 28.7% pre-hypertension, and 66.7% were normal. No significant correlations found between BMI or the blood pressure to any specific ABO blood type, except between the blood pressure and the AB blood type (r=-0.179, p=0.03). However, there was a significant correlation between BMI and blood pressure (r=0.327, p=0.000). We observed no significant associations between any specific ABO blood type with the BMI and blood pressure. However, high blood pressures amongst students with obesity were found. Males were more common to suffer from obesity and high blood pressure than females.

scholarly journals Blood pressure responses to the Cold Pressor Test according to body mass index and waist-to-height ratio in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115
Author(s):  
Francinete Deyse Dos Santos ◽  
Edna Ferreira Pinto ◽  
Ana Regina Leão Ibiapina Moura ◽  
Eguinaldo Vinícius de Carvalho Lima ◽  
Mariana Ferreira de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Pressor Test ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio ◽  
High Bmi

Objectives: to analyze the blood pressure (BP) values ​​and responses to the Cold Pressor Test (CPT) according to the body mass index (BMI) and the waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). Methods: 166 adolescents of both sexes participated in the study. Participants underwent measurements of body mass, height and waist circumference. BMI and WHtR were calculated. BP was measured before (pre-test), during (test) and after CPT (recovery). The groups were compared using a mixed ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc, and Odds Ratio calculation. The level of significance was p < 0.05. Results: prevalences of 16.9% of high BMI, 19.9% ​​of increased WHR and 8.4% of pretest BP were found above the recommended. Participants with high BMI had increased systolic BP compared to their normal peers (113.0 ± 11.4 vs. 121.7 ± 11.6 mmHg; p = 0.003). Adolescents with elevated WHR had higher pre-test and recovery systolic BP (pre-test: 113.2 ± 11.4 vs. 119.6 ± 12.7 mmHg; p = 0.021; recovery: 111.9 ± 14.1 vs. 117.4 ± 14.0 mmHg; p = 0.044). Finally, individuals with BMI and WHtR above the recommended had 2.1 (95% CI 0.62 - 7.36) and 2.5 (95% CI 0.77 - 7.91) times, respectively, more likely to have high pre-test BP values. Conclusion: adolescents with increased BMI and WHtR have higher BP values ​​compared to their normal peers.

Abstract P047: Relation of Body Mass Index to Creatinine Clearance and Glomerular Filtration Rate in Japanese Population Samples in Japan and Hawaii

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Kitano ◽  
Katsuyuki Miura ◽  
Akira Okayama ◽  
Hideaki Nakagawa ◽  
Kiyomi Sakata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Glomerular Filtration Rate ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Filtration Rate ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Central Laboratory

Background: Obesity is an established risk factor for hypertension and end stage kidney disease. There is little information on how obesity relates to risk of impaired renal function in apparently healthy individuals. We investigated associations of body mass index (BMI) with timed 24-hour creatinine clearance (Ccr) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the cross-sectional population-based INTERLIPID Study, ancillary study of the International Study on Macro- and Micro-Nutrients and Blood Pressure (INTERMAP). Methods: INTERLIPID participants ages 40-59 y from 5 INTERMAP research samples (4 Japanese and 1 Hawaiian) were investigated. Participants were ethnically all Japanese. Two timed 24-hour urine specimens were collected by each participant and analyses were performed in a central laboratory. Values of serum creatinine (Scr) were assayed by Jaffe’s method in a Japanese central laboratory. Data were analyzed from 1,338 Japanese, 570 men and 563 women in Japan, 100 men and 105 women in Hawaii. Measures of kidney function were 24-hour Ccr (ml/min) and GFR (ml/min/1.73m 2 ). Ccr was calculated by equation (urine creatinine х urine volume)/(Scr х 1440); GFR was calculated as Ccr х (1.73/body surface area (BSA)). BSA was estimated by the DuBois formula. In addition, estimated GFR (eGFR) was calculated by use of the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) Study equation, 186 х Scr -1.154 х age -0.203 х 0.742 (if female). All statistical analyses were stratified by gender. Adjusted mean values of Ccr, GFR, and eGFR in quartiles of BMI were estimated using analysis of covariance. Model 1 was adjusted for age; model 2, for age and urine volume; model 3 for variables in model 2 plus blood pressure, pulse rate, physical activity, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, urinary sodium excretion, HbA1c, and total serum cholesterol. Results: Ccr (mean (SD)) were 107.5 (18.9) in men in Japan, 91.9 (17.0) in women in Japan, 123.4 (25.1) in men in Hawaii, and 98.5 (20.3) in women in Hawaii. BMI quartile ranges were in men Q1 16.8-22.3, Q2 22.3-24.1, Q3 24.1-26.1, and Q4 26.1-42.9; in women Q1 15.9-21.2, Q2 21.2-23.0, Q3 23.0-25.1, and Q4 25.1-47.0. In men, BMI was positively related to multivariate-adjusted Ccr and GFR ( P for trend across BMI quartiles <0.001 and <0.001, respectively), however, multivariate-adjusted eGFR was inversely associated with BMI ( P for trend 0.001). In women, BMI was positively related to multivariate-adjusted Ccr ( P for trend across BMI quartiles <0.001); multivariate-adjusted GFR and eGFR were not significantly associated with BMI. Interactions between age and BMI were not significant in men or women. Conclusions: These results indicate that excess BMI may lead to higher Ccr, and that the MDRD equation may underestimate GFR in middle-aged overweight or obese Japanese men.

scholarly journals Shift Work Is a Risk Factor for Increased Blood Pressure in Japanese Men

Hypertension ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 52 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasushi Suwazono ◽  
Mirei Dochi ◽  
Kouichi Sakata ◽  
Yasushi Okubo ◽  
Mitsuhiro Oishi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Shift Work ◽  
Total Serum ◽  
Japanese Men ◽  
End Points

To clarify the effect of shift work on blood pressure in Japanese men, a 14-year historical cohort study was conducted in day workers (n=3963) and alternating shift workers (n=2748) who received annual health checkups between 1991 and 2005 in a Japanese steel company. The end points were a ≥10%, ≥15%, ≥20%, ≥25%, or ≥30% increase in systolic blood pressure or diastolic blood pressure from baseline during the period of observation. The association between shift work and an increase in blood pressure was investigated adjusting for age, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, total serum cholesterol, creatinine, aspartate aminotransferase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, drinking habit, smoking habit, and habitual exercise by multivariate pooled logistic regression analyses. Shift work was significantly associated with the various end points. The odds ratios (and 95% CIs) were as follows: ≥10%, 1.15 (1.07 to 1.23); ≥15%, 1.21 (1.12 to 1.31); ≥20%, 1.15 (1.04 to 1.28); ≥25%, 1.20 (1.06 to 1.37); and ≥30%, 1.23 (1.03 to 1.47) for systolic blood pressure and ≥10%, 1.19 (1.11 to 1.28); ≥15%, 1.22 (1.13 to 1.33); ≥20%, 1.24 (1.13 to 1.37); and ≥25%, 1.16 (1.03 to 1.30) for diastolic blood pressure. Our study in male Japanese workers revealed that alternating shift work was a significant independent risk factor for an increase in blood pressure. Moreover, the effect of shift work on blood pressure was more pronounced than other well-established factors, such as age and body mass index.

scholarly journals BODY MASS INDEX (BMI) AMONG PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Hesti Platini ◽  
Widia Hastuti ◽  
Andoko Andoko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Data Retrieval ◽  
The Body ◽  
Normal Body Mass Index ◽  
Public Health Centre

Background: Hypertension or high blood pressure is still a high cause of death in the world. One factor in the occurrence of hypertension is poor nutritional status. Measurement of nutritional status is by knowing body mass index.Purpose: To describe the body mass index (BMI) values in patients with hypertension.Methods: Descriptive with cross sectional approach with consecutive sampling. The number of samples was 40 respondents. Data retrieval is measurement of blood pressure, height and weight. Data analyzed and made by frequencies and percentages.Results: The highest number of hypertension was in the age range of  60-74 years old and the highest gender in this research is women and hypertension in grade I with overweight body mass index values (35%), normal body mass index (62.5%).Conclusion: This study shows that hypertensive patients at Public Health Centre (Puskesmas Pasundan Garut) was show a high body mass index (BMI) value. By early detection to prevent of further severe complications and management of hypertension can be done to improve the quality of life.

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