scholarly journals Epidemiology of risk factors of various morphological types of age-related cataract in eastern region of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 1466-1470
Author(s):  
Namrata Gupta ◽  
Poonam Lavaju ◽  
Sangeeta Shah ◽  
Badri Prasad Badhu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Household Activities ◽  
Group B

Introduction: Age related cataract is the leading cause of preventable blindness globally, with multifactorial risk factors. Multiple mechanism contributes to the progressive loss of lens transparency. Objective: The purpose of this study is to determine the risk factors for different morphological types of senile cataract in eastern region of Nepal. Methodology:  A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in a tertiary care hospital. Four hundred patients aged ≥ 50 years with senile cataract attending eye out patient department for one year were enrolled and divided into two groups based on Lens Opacities Classification System (LOCS) III grading. Group A consisted of ‘no-moderate’ cataract and group B consisted of ‘severe’ cataract. The parameters studied were age, gender, education, occupation, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes and hypertension, body mass index and use of topical or oral medication. Statistical analysis was conducted to find an association of various parameters to different morphological type of cataract. Results: The mean age of presentation was 61±9.07 years. Male to female ratio was 1:02. Group A had 154 and group B 246 patients respectively. Statistically significant association was seen between older age group and severe cataract (p <0.002). Household activities and moderate alcohol consumption alcohol was seen associated with moderate nuclear sclerosis (p <0.001) and posterior sub-capsular cataract (p <0.003) respectively. High blood pressure was associated with severe Nuclear Sclerosis and Posterior Subcapsular Cataract (p <0.014). Conclusion: Older age groups, household activities, moderate alcohol consumption and high blood pressure were found to have significant association with age-related cataract.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Determinants of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents: A School based Study in Rural Area of Hooghly District, West Bengal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 205-210
Author(s):  
Malay Kumar Das ◽  
Rabindranath Sinha ◽  
Aparajita Dasgupta
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases

Introduction: The World Health Organization has already warned of increasing non-communicable diseases among adolescents as a major public health problem. The importance of this age group also lies in the fact that many serious diseases in adulthood have their roots in adolescence. Method: A pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire was used in class-room setting to collect information from students regarding presence of risk factors of non-communicable diseases. The respondents were also subjected to anthropometric measurements and blood pressure examination using standard operating procedures. Results: A total of 761 students of class VI-XII participated in the study of which 61.4% were boys and rests were girls. High blood pressure among boys and girls were 19.9% and 22.1% were respectively. In Bivariate analysis age > 15 years (median) (OR= 2.11), fast food intake (>3 times/week) (OR= 1.66), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.22), less physical activity (OR=1.54), increased body mass index (OR=2.53), significantly associated with high blood pressure. In Multivariate analysis age (AOR= 2.25), fast food intake (AOR= 1.50), Alcohol consumption (OR= 2.23), less physical activity (AOR=1.71), increased body mass index (AOR=2.42) remains significant predictor. Conclusion: Detecting the risk factors of high blood pressure prevalent in the population is of utmost importance to achieve a healthy population. Formulation and dissemination of need--based, culturally acceptable and age appropriate scientific messages for school students should be conducted more proactively. Keywords: Adolescents, Blood pressure, Risk factor, Rural school.

Prevalence of High Blood Pressure among Adolescents in a Private University in Nigeria

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
NC Ogu ◽  
AE Ladele ◽  
DO Afolabi ◽  
JO Sotunsa ◽  
FI Ani
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Private University ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Classi Cation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Objectives: High blood pressure among adolescents is not as researched as it is among adults, notwithstanding that hypertension in adults is being tracked back to childhood. This study identied the prevalence of hypertension among adolescents, the age related pattern of prevalence and associated risk factors. Method: A cross sectional study was conducted among university students who presented for preadmission medical examination. Blood pressuremeasurement was conducted and cut off reading was based on JNC VII classication for hypertension.  Results: A total of 952 students had complete data. Participants were aged 14 – 19 years with a mean age of 16.6 ± 1.03 years. Prevalence of hypertensionamong the adolescents was 6.4%. High blood pressure (HBP) distribution was as follows; systolic HBP (54%), diastolic HBP (31.15%) and combinedsystolic and diastolic HBP (14.75%). The risk factors significantly associated with HBP were male gender, obesity, overweight, alcohol, smoking and high blood sugar (p values 0.001, 0.039, 0.001, 0.016, and 0.001 respectively). However family history of hypertension was not significantly associated with hypertension (p=0.053). The majority of the adolescents with hypertension were unaware of the morbidity. Conclusion: Hypertension is identifiable in adolescents  and it appears to increase with age. Notable risk factors for hypertension in adults are also associatedwith hypertension among adolescents. Regular screening will improve awareness and help mitigate the complications of this condition.

scholarly journals A Community-Based Assessment of Hypertension and Some Other Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Ngaoundéré, Cameroon

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Pancha Mbouemboue ◽  
Diana Derew ◽  
Jacques Olivier Ngoufack Tsougmo ◽  
Marcel Tangyi Tamanji
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Advanced Age ◽  
Cvd Risk Factors ◽  
Cvd Risk

Background and Objective. Cardiovascular diseases are primary causes of death worldwide with well documented risk factors whose varying impacts added to the complexity in CVD management dictate the need for region-specific studies. We aimed at investigating the interactions between CVD risk factors and hypertension in Ngaoundéré.Methods. A cross-sectional survey was carried out from March to August 2014. Sociodemographic, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and anthropometric data were recorded. Statistical analyses were carried out using SAS software version 9.1.Results. 700 adults resident in Ngaoundéré for at least two years consented and were included in the survey. Abdominal obesity, physical inactivity, and hypertension were the dominant risk factors recording 51.1%, 35.4%, and 20.4%, respectively. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia, tobacco consumption, obesity, and alcohol consumption was 5.6%, 8.3%, 9.6%, and 18.1%, respectively. Advanced age, hyperglycaemia, a divorced marital status, and alcohol consumption were independent determinants of high blood pressure.Conclusion. Physical inactivity, abdominal obesity, and hypertension were the most prevalent CVD risk factors, and the role of advanced age and hyperglycaemia in the occurrence of high blood pressure was reiterated. Health programs need to focus on effective screening, prevention, and control of CVDs in the Adamawa Region and Cameroon at large.

scholarly journals The prevalence of traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease in the Omsk region: data of the ESSE-RF2 study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 3815
Author(s):  
I. A. Viktorova ◽  
N. G. Shirlina ◽  
V. L. Stasenko ◽  
G. A. Muromtseva
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Region Data ◽  
History Of ◽  
Group A ◽  
Traditional Risk Factors ◽  
Group B

Aim. To study the prevalence of some traditional risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the Omsk region.Material and methods. The prevalence of traditional risk factors for CVD in a representative sample of the Omsk region population aged 25-64 years (n=1,648) was estimated as a part of the ESSE-RF2 study in 2017.Results. It was established that the mean age of CVD detection in the Omsk region is 46,3 years, the prevalence of overweight is 35,0%, obesity — 30,3%. Abdominal obesity was detected in 56,8% of subjects. Smoking was reveled in 21,2% of the population, former smoking — 20,0%. Alcohol consumption more than 2 times a month was observed in one third of respondents (30,5%). In the group of healthy people, compared with CVD patients, the percentage of smokers and alcohol consumers was detected significantly more often: smoking — 25,2±1,26% vs 17,1±0,86% and 32,9±1,6% vs 28,1±1,4%, respectively. Perhaps it was the diseases the reason for smoking cessation and alcohol abstinence among people with CVD. It should be noted that among 70% of alcohol consumers, both with/ without CVD, strong drinks were the preferred type of alcohol. Hypertension (HTN) was observed in 47,9% of subjects, and in 43,1% the diagnosis was verified. In 4,8% of HTN individuals, blood pressure increase was detected for the first time in this study. The prevalence of diabetes of both types in the Omsk region was 6,7%, and in group A (with CVD) it was much higher than in group B (without CVD): 10,7% vs 2,8%. Type 2 diabetes prevailed in people with CVD (p=0,000005). This was not characteristic of type 1 diabetes.Conclusion. The most common risk factors for CVD in the Omsk region population were HTN (47,9%), abdominal obesity (56,8%), a positive family history of early CVD (62,0%), alcohol consumption over the past 12 months (71,7%) and strong alcohol drinking (72,0%). However, a significant portion of the subjects (41,3%) consumed alcohol no more than 1 time per month.

scholarly journals Role of antihypertensives drugs on proteinuria in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertension

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (10) ◽  
pp. 2522
Author(s):  
Ritu Bala ◽  
Harminder Singh ◽  
. Rupali ◽  
Kuhu Verma
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
P Value ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Hypertension is the most prevalent cardiovascular disease and the relevant data suggest that the burden, risk factors and co-morbidities associated with the essential hypertension is increasing with every passing day. It is one of the major chronic diseases resulting in high mortality and morbidity in today’s world. Aim: The aim of the study was to compare effects of cilnidipine and amlodipine on the blood pressure (BP), heart rate and proteinuria among patients of hypertension with chronic kidney disease.Methods: 100 patients were included in this study. Patients were randomly assigned into two groups Group A and Group B (50 each). Group A: Patients received Cilnidipine (5-10mg/day). Group B: Patients received amlodipine (5-10mg/day).Results: No significant difference in SBP, DBP, MBP and proteinuria while comparing both the groups of patients taking cilnidipine and amlodipine at baseline i.e. 0 to 12 week, 12 to 24 weeks and 0 to 24 weeks. Cilnidipine caused decrease in HR 0 to 12 week (p value 0.001), 12 to 24 weeks (p value 0.001) and 0 to 24 weeks (p value 0.0001). Amlodipine had increased heart rate from baseline to 12 weeks (p value 0.0001), 12 to 24 weeks (p value 0.051) and 0 to 24 weeks (p value 0.001). No significant difference was seen in any biochemical readings.Conclusions: There was a significant change in all the parameters including BP, heart rate, proteinuria and other biochemical tests when they compared within the group but no significant difference while comparing both the groups.

Living Well to Keep Your Pressure Down

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda B. Bobroff
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Fact Sheet ◽  
Living Well ◽  
Heart Work ◽  
Major Revision ◽  
Reduce Risk

High blood pressure, or hypertension, can cause serious health problems. It makes your heart work harder and can damage your blood vessels even if you feel okay. Everyone should have their blood pressure checked regularly. If you have certain risk factors, you are more likely to have high blood pressure. This 6-page fact sheet is a major revision that discusses risk factors and ways to reduce risk.

Age related volume of cadaver-prostates in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77
Author(s):  
Rukshana Ahmed ◽  
Shamim Ara
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Gland ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Key Words Prostate ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Pathological changes in the prostate gland occur commonly with advancing age including inflammation, atrophy, hyperplasia and carcinoma and a change in volume is also evident. Estimation of volume of prostate may be useful in a variety of clinical settings. A cross-sectional descriptive study was designed to see the changes in volume of the prostate with advancing age and done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka from August 2006 to June 2007. The study was performed on 70 post-mortem human prostates collected from the unclaimed dead bodies that were under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka. The samples were divided into three age groups; group A (10-20 years), group B (21-40 years) and group C (41-70 years). Volume of the sample was measured by using the ellipsoid formula. The mean ± SD volume of prostate was 7.68 ± 3.64 cm3 in group A, 10.61 ± 3.99 cm3 in group B and 15.40 ± 6.31 cm3 in group C. Mean difference in volume between group A and group C, group B and group C were statistically significant (p<0.001). Statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and volume of prostate (r = + 0.579, p < 0.001). Key Words: Prostate; volume; Bangladeshi. DOI: 10.3329/imcj.v4i2.6501Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2010; 4(2): 74-77

Hygienic characteristics of the cosmetologists' lifestyle

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 958-963
Author(s):  
Natalia I. Latyshevskaya ◽  
Tatyana L. Yatsyshena ◽  
Elena L. Shestopalova ◽  
Irina Yu. Krainova
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Essential Components ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Modern trends in the deterioration of health and the growth of non-communicable diseases among the adult working-age population, including medical workers, actualize the importance of a healthy lifestyle for maintaining health and professional longevity. There were almost no studies related to cosmetologists' experienced group as representatives of aesthetic medicine. There is no scientific evidence on behavioral risks of this group. It justifies the relevance of this study. The study aims to analyze the essential components of the cosmetologists' lifestyle depending on age and the argumentation of priority behavioral health risk factors for preventive and recreational work justification. Sixty women (practicing cosmetologists in Volgograd at the age of 28-39 years (group A) and 40-53 (group B)) took part in the study. Lifestyle assessment included a modified questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of 5 blocks (block 1 - nutrition; 2 - physical activity, including hardening and active rest; 3 - daily regimen; 4 - personal hygiene; 5 - bad habits). It allows the analysis of the adherence to a healthy lifestyle based on the provision of quantitative data. Statistical data processing was carried out using the Excel package. The authors identified the essential and statistically significant differences in the cosmetologists' lifestyle depending on age. The respondents of group B demonstrated hygienically rational indicators in all blocks of the lifestyle more often. They had a more formed adherence to a healthy lifestyle: 504 answers in the category "insignificant risk" of respondents in group B versus 354 in group A. Distribution of answers in the "high risk" category: 119 responses in group B and 185 in group A. The lifestyle of 46.7% of the respondents in group B refers to a healthy lifestyle. 3.3% of the group B respondents have an anxious lifestyle, 50% have health risks. 10% of Group A respondents' lifestyle refers to a healthy lifestyle. 13.3% of Group A respondents' lifestyle refers to an anxious lifestyle; 76.7% of this group have health risks. There was almost no complex hygienic research profession of medical cosmetologists. Cosmetologists of the older age group (40-53 years old) are more conscious of maintaining a hygienically rational lifestyle. The most significant defects among cosmetologists aged 28-39 years are low physical activity, nutritional defects, insufficient duration of night rest, and excessive use of information and communication technologies for rest, accompanied by manifestations of neurotization and signs of pronounced fatigue. The obtained results argue the need to develop and implement informational and educational measures to prevent risk behavior patterns, taking into account the age of cosmetologists and the priority of the identified behavioral risk factors.

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