scholarly journals Dental caries experience among school children of Eastern Nepal - significant caries index

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
T K Bhagat ◽  
A Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Who Criteria ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues ◽  
Hard Tissues ◽  
The Mean

Background: Dental caries, an infectious microbiologic disease of dental hard tissues, is a common public health problem worldwide. The distribution of dental caries studied in any population, shows that a few in the population experience a lot of decayed teeth and most do not experience any at all or experience very little.Objective: To assess the extent and severity of dental caries among 5-12 years old children of eastern Nepal using DMFT(Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth) and SiC (Significant Caries) index.Methods: Six hundred and sixteen 5-12 years old school children were examined for decayed, missing and filled teeth using WHO criteria. DMFT, dft (decayed filled teeth) and SiC Indices were calculated. Results: The mean dft and SiC* were 1.84 and 4.60 respectively, whereas mean DMFT and SiC were 0.33 and 0.92 respectively.Conclusion: SiC gives a better picture of the at risk population, hence it should be widely used along with dft/DMFT.Health Renaissance 2014;12(2): pp 74-77

scholarly journals Dental Caries Prevalence among 3 - 14 Year Old School Children of Chitwan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-23
Author(s):  
Santosh Adhikari ◽  
Lucky Tamrakar ◽  
Manoj Humagain ◽  
Rosina Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Middle Childhood ◽  
Private School ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Government School ◽  
Dental Hard Tissues

Introduction: Dental caries, an infectious microbiologic disease of dental hard tissues is a global public health problem. It affects people of all ages with the highest priority risk group being school-going children. Objective: This study was done to assess the prevalence of dental caries in the 3-14 years old school children of Chitwan and to compare it across genders, age groups and school groups. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from January 2018 to May 2018 where WHO criteria was used to examine and calculate DMFT and dft (decayed filled teeth) indices among 360 school children. Statistical analysis was done with SPSS 20. Statistical significance was determined using independent t-test and ANOVA test. Results: The prevalence of the dental caries was found to be 85.83% with mean DMFT of 3.01 ± 2.24 among school children of Chitwan. Caries prevalence was higher in females compared to males, and in government schools compared to private school. Caries experience was highest in middle childhood group 7-12 years (89.20%, mean “DMFT+dft” 3.56 ± 2.33) followed by late childhood group of 13-14 years (84.72%, mean DMFT 2.68 ± 1.95) and early childhood group of 3-6 years (77.33%, mean dft 1.76 ± 1.60) and the differences were statistically significant. The difference in caries experience between private and government school groups as well as in male and female children was not statistically significant. 82.7% of the children had untreated caries while only 5.83% had filled teeth in their mouth. Conclusions: The prevalence of dental caries was higher in middle childhood group and higher percentage of untreated decays, calls for the need of immediate preventive as well as curative interventions.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides in contaminated faecal samples of children residing in urban areas of Lahore, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahida Azhar Ali ◽  
Sadaf Niaz ◽  
Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino ◽  
Wajid Ali ◽  
Majid Ali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
School Children ◽  
Ascaris Lumbricoides ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Urban Study ◽  
Faecal Samples

AbstractAscariasis is a common public health problem of preschool and primary school children in developing countries like Pakistan. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and pattern of Ascaris lumbericoides (A. lumbricoides) infection among children residing in urban areas of Lahore, to provide information on ascariasis to promote awareness and prevention programs between the participants specially on the months or season of higher prevalence. To investigate the prevalence of Ascaris Lumbricoides in the contaminated faecal samples of children residing in urban areas of Lahore, a study was conducted from November 2010 to October 2012 and we collected 3600 stratified faecal samples from six urban study areas. Overall 32/3600 (0.88%) prevalence of fecal samples was found positive for eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides. Area wise highest presence positivity 1.67% was observed in Allama Iqbal Town followed by 1.17% in Samanabad, 1.00% in Wapda Town, 1.00% in Gulberg, 0.50% in Cantt, and the lowest 0.00% in Valencia Town respectively (p < 0.001) The highest month wise positivity prevalence 3/300 (3.33%) (p < 0.001) was observed in the month of September that gradually declined up to 0/300 (0.00%) in the month of March. The results reveal that urban areas of Lahore are susceptible to Ascaris Lubricoides infection and the highest prevalence were observed autumn on the month of September.

scholarly journals Caries Risk Assessment: Cariogram-An Insight

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (5) ◽  
pp. 167-175
Author(s):  
Mohit Bansal ◽  
Ruhee Sangha ◽  
Simran Bahra ◽  
Navdeep Kaur Walia
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Caries Risk ◽  
Caries Risk Assessment ◽  
Number Of Factors

Dental caries is a public health problem. A new interactive graphical computorised system was introducted which is belived to record the caries risk assessment in less time depending of number of factors. This paper focus on the different sectors used in cariogram and its importance in reducing the caries risk.

scholarly journals Dietary intake and early childhood caries

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 8-9
Author(s):  
Lina María Villegas ◽  
Judy Elena Villavicencio ◽  
Adolfo Contreras
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Tooth Enamel ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Single Origin ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC) affect children less than 71 months of age (1) and it represents a public health problem in countries worldwide (2–4). The mean ECC prevalence in United Nations Countries was 23.8% in children younger than 36 months and 57.3% in children aged 36 to 71 months. East Asia and Latin America and the Caribbean were the worst affected by ECC among children aged 36 to 71 months (5). Dental caries pertains to a group of diseases that are estimated “complex” or “multifactorial,” with no single origin pathway (6) and it is resulted by the interaction of bacteria, mainly Streptococci mutans (SM) and  actobacilli (LB), and sugary foods on tooth enamel (6,7). Additionally, there must be a lack of oral hygiene and lack of use of fluoride (8).

scholarly journals Iron Deficiency Anemia among Hospitalized Children in Konya, Turkey

Anemia ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Akin ◽  
Ece Selma Solak ◽  
Cengizhan Kilicaslan ◽  
Saltuk Bugra Boke ◽  
Sukru Arslan
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Iron Deficiency ◽  
Iron Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Iron Supplementation ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Deficiency Anemia ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Prevention Project ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of our hospitalized patients with the diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) and effects of the IDA prevention project of the Turkish Ministry of Health which was started in 2004. The recommended dose of prophylactic iron supplementation was 1-2 mg/kg/day. The files of 1519 patients who were hospitalized to Konya Education and Research Hospital Pediatrics Clinic were reviewed. A total of 50 patients consisting of 35 boys and 15 girls with the mean age of 16,59 ± 1,68 months were included into the study. The prevalence of IDA was 3.29% (boys: 4.23%, girls: 2.1%). Hgb and Hct of the patients >24 months were significantly higher than those of the patients with the age of 6–12 months. Iron supplementation receiving rates were very low. Of the 28 patients older than 12 months, only 44% of them had received a full course of iron supplementation for 8 months. In conclusion, although prophylactic iron supplementation lowered the prevalences of IDA, receiving rates of iron supplementation were not adequate. While IDA is still a public health problem, prophylactic approaches should be carried out more effectively.

scholarly journals Pattern of parasitic infections as public health problem among school children: A comparative study between rural and urban areas

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Saad R. Alsubaie ◽  
Ahmed A. Azazy ◽  
Eltigani O. Omer ◽  
Latifa A. Al-shibani ◽  
Abdulsalam Q. Al-Mekhlafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
School Children ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban

scholarly journals Low dietary calcium in European postmenopausal osteoporotic women

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Bruyere ◽  
Caroline De Cock ◽  
Catherine Mottet ◽  
Audrey Neuprez ◽  
Olivier Malaise ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Uk

AbstractObjectiveThe WHO recommends a daily Ca intake for postmenopausal women of 1300 mg. The objective of the present study was to assess the dietary Ca intake in European postmenopausal osteoporotic women.Design, setting and subjectsAssessment of dietary Ca intake (food and supplements) was performed with a validated self-questionnaire in 8524 osteoporotic women from nine European countries (Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Spain and the UK).ResultsMean age of the patients was 74·2 (sd 7·1) years, mean BMI was 25·7 (sd 4·2) kg/m2. Of the study population, 37·2 % of the women took Ca supplements. The mean dietary intake of Ca was 930·7 (sd 422·9) mg/d. The lowest Ca intake was found in Hungary (586·7 (sd 319·1) mg/d) and the highest in Denmark (1145·6 (sd 463·0) mg/d). In the whole study population, only 19·1 % of the women had a dietary Ca intake >1300 mg/d. Only 17·1 % of women aged over 75 years achieved 1300 mg/d compared with 20·5 % of women aged less than 75 years (P = 0·0001 for the difference between the two groups).ConclusionDietary intake of Ca is very low in European postmenopausal women. A greater awareness is needed to resolve this public health problem.

scholarly journals IODINE STATUS IN SCHOOL CHILDREN AND DISTRIBUTION OF IODINE, MERCURY, LEAD IN SOIL AND WATER IN THE ENDEMIC GOITER HILL AREA, PONOROGO

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Muhamad Arif Musoddaq ◽  
Taufiq Hidayat ◽  
Khimayah Khimayah
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Iodine Deficiency ◽  
School Children ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Hill Area ◽  
Soil And Water

Background.  Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) remained a public health problem. Ponorogo was an IDD endemic area with prominent cases of mental retardation. Despite the lack of iodine intake, exposure to environmental heavy metals can exacerbate the effects of iodine deficiency. Objective. To describe iodine status of school children and distribution of environmental iodine and heavy metals including mercury (Hg), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd) in the endemic IDD hill area of Ponorogo. Method. This research is a cross-sectional study conducted in two villages in IDD endemic areas in Ponorogo, namely Dayakan and Watubonang villages, in 2011. A total of 127 urine samples of primary-school-age children were taken and analyzed for urinary iodine excretion (UIE). A total of 29 soil samples and 87 water samples were taken from the study site to measure the concentration of iodine and heavy metals Hg, Pb, and Cd. Types of water source, altitude, and land use, both soil and water source were recorded.  Results. The median (min-max) UIE was 130 (14 –1187 µg/L) within the range of adequate population iodine intake according to WHO (100-199 µg/L), while the percentage of UIE <100 µg/L was still around 33.07 percent. The concentration of iodine in the soil was 33.777 mg/kg (6.640 –108.809), and the concentration of iodine in the water was 8.0 µg/L (0-49). The concentration of Hg in the soil was 68.64 ppb (7.43–562.05), and the concentration of Hg in the water was 0.00 ppb (0.00-23.24).  The concentration of Pb in the soil was 3.273 ppm (0.000–25.227), while Pb was not identified in the water. The Cadmium was not detectable both in the soil and water. Conclusion. Iodine deficiency is still a public health problem in Dayakan and Watubonang villages. The environment of the endemic IDD area in Ponorogo was not completely poor in iodine, but iodine was not evenly spread and mobilized. There was a risk of environmental heavy metal exposure from Hg in the soil or water and Pb in the soil. Mercury in the environment can cause health problems due to the inhibition of the use of iodine in the thyroid gland.

scholarly journals Vitamin A Deficiency among Rural Primary School Children, A still Neglected Group for Vitamin A Supplementation Strategies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Augustin Nawidimbasba ZEBA ◽  
Jean Fidèle Bationo ◽  
Olivier Ouahamin Sombié ◽  
Jeoffray Diendéré
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Vitamin A ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
School Children ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Vitamin A Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
High Dose

Background: Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is still a public health problem across the globe and also in Burkina Faso, especially for under-five-years-old children. Since less information is available about the prevalence of VAD among the primary school children, this study aimed to study this area. Methods: A randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial was conducted to assess the effect of high dose of vitamin A (VA) and daily zinc versus high dose of VA and daily zinc placebo (6 days per week) during four months among the primary school children. Of the total number of 200 school children, 100 were allocated to two random groups. Participants’ gender, age, weight, and height were measured, a blood smear was performed for malaria diagnosis, stool samples were collected for intestine parasites’ assessment, and blood samples were collected for haemoglobin and serum retinol measurement. Results: Baseline data of 183 school children were analysed and the findings showed that 20.6% of the school children were underweight (23.2% in girls vs. 16.5% in boys; P = 0.043). Anemia affected 36.2%, 39% had Plasmodium Falciparum, and 37.6% had intestine parasites. Furthermore, VAD prevalence was 46.1% (51.0% in boys vs. 41.2% in girls; P = 0,072). Conclusion: Among primary school children in the Western part of Burkina Faso, VAD is not only higher than other regions of the country, but also twice the critical level and defined as a severe public health problem by WHO. This result calls for action among the primary school children and recalls the importance of taking strategies against VAD among under-five-year-old children.

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