Efficiency in the treatment of three livestock manures through a composting process with mechanized turning

This research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of the treatment of manure from three livestock production units (cattle, swine, and poultry), through composting with mechanized turning and incorporation of natural substrate (wood sawdust) in rural properties in the municipalities of Farroupilha, Relvado, and Caxias do Sul, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The experimental design consisted of nine treatments, three for each type of manure. These were classified as: T1 (cattle manure plus wood sawdust), T2 (swine manure plus wood sawdust), and T3 (poultry manure plus wood sawdust). The process involved the daily turning of the windrows by a mechanized process and sampling was carried out in triplicate at 60, 120, and 180 days of composting, between the months of July 2018 and July 2019. After each sampling, samples were properly stored and sent to the Chemistry Laboratory of the University of Santa Cruz do Sul for analysis of the following variables: Calcium (Ca), Cation Exchange Capacity (CTC), Phosphorus (P), Magnesium (Mg), Nitrogen (N), pH, and Potassium (K). Temperature measurements were made on the spot every 15 days. At the end of the experiment, all treatments reached the standards of humidity, temperature, pH, and NPK, established in Normative Instruction No. 25/200 for organic fertilizers, from the Ministry of Agriculture and Livestock of Brazil. Thus, the results demonstrated the efficiency of the mechanized composting process for the treatment of bovine, swine, and poultry manure, producing a high-quality organic compost.

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Multivariate Tools for Evaluating the Use of Organic Fertilizers on Soil Microbial Properties and Maize Yield

Journal of Agricultural Studies ◽

10.5296/jas.v8i3.16073 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 257

Author(s):

Layana Dorado Correia Belinato ◽

Elston Elston Kraft ◽

Rafael Solivo ◽

Patrícia Aparecida de Oliveira ◽

Evandro Spagnollo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Swine Manure ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Sampling Period ◽

Maize Yield ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Animal Origin ◽

Metabolic Efficiency ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Manure Compost ◽

The Impact

The global demand for protein led to the increase of animal production in the world and, mainly, in Brazil. As a consequence, there was an increase in the amount of waste produced, and the need to seek alternatives for its sustainable use. Microbial indicators and multivariate tools can assist in the proper measurement of the impact of the use of this waste on the soil. This study aimed to: 1) measure the effect of the application of organic fertilizers of animal origin in the no-tillage system on soil microbial attributes and its relationship with maize yield; 2) evaluate the potential of separation/discrimination of the different sources of organic fertilizers based on yield and soil microbial and chemical-physical attributes, using multivariate tools. Treatments consisted of annual application of: poultry manure (PM), liquid swine manure (LSM), poultry manure compost (PMC), swine manure compost (SMC), cattle manure compost (CMC) and control (C), without fertilization. Organic fertilizers promoted higher values of microbial biomass (MB) and MBC:TOC ratio in treatments CMC, SMC and PM in the first sampling season (E1), followed by PM, LSM and PMC in the second sampling period (E2). The data show that PM promoted microbial growth in both seasons, with higher metabolic efficiency increasing maize yield by 30% in relation to the treatment with the second highest production, PMC. Multivariate analysis techniques prove to be important tools to study soil quality indicators in systems which use organic fertilizers.

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Irrigation and organic fertilization on the production of essential oil and flavonoid in chamomile

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v20n12p1045-1050 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 20 (12) ◽

pp. 1045-1050 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Catariny C. Aleman ◽

Patricia A. A. Marques

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Organic Fertilization ◽

The University ◽

Irrigation Levels ◽

The City

ABSTRACT The therapeutic efficacy of herbal medicines and pesticides has increased the need to define cultivation parameters for medicinal plants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the production of essential oil and flavonoids of chamomile under irrigation levels and organic fertilizer doses. The experiment was conducted in the experimental area of the Campus II of the University of Western São Paulo, in the city of Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil. The experimental design was a randomized block in triple factorial (6 x 2 x 3), corresponding to irrigation depths (150, 100, 75, 50, 25 and 0% of the reference evapotranspiration (ETo)), organic fertilizers (poultry manure and cattle manure) and the fertilizer doses (0, 3 and 5 kg m-2), with four replicates. The following variables were evaluated: capitulum dry matter, and content and yield of essential oil and flavonoids. For the tested conditions, it is recommended to use 5 kg m-2 poultry manure and water depth equivalent to 150% ETo for the production of essential oil and flavonoid.

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Composting Reduces the Vitality of H9N2 in Poultry Manure and EMCV in Pig Manure Allowing for an Environmentally Friendly Use of These Animal Wastes: A Preliminary Study

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms8060829 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 829 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kwang-Hwa Jeong ◽

Dong-Jun Lee ◽

Dong-Hyun Lee ◽

Balasubramani Ravindran ◽

Soon Woong Chang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Swine Manure ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Animal Husbandry ◽

Encephalomyocarditis Virus ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Pig Manure ◽

Composting Process ◽

Manure Compost ◽

Animal Wastes ◽

Preliminary Study

In our study, we monitored the inactivation of two important viruses that are critical in animal husbandry throughout the world. To evaluate the influence of the composting process on inactivation of avian influenza virus (H9N2) in poultry manure compost (PMC) and Encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV) in pig (swine) manure compost (SMC), the H9N2 and EMCV were injected in dialysis cassettes and buried in two different manure compost piles of poultry and pig manure, respectively. The highest temperature achieved in the PMC and SMC piles during the test period were 75 °C and 73.5 °C, respectively. At the completion of the composting for 168 h, inactivation effect appeared to be more sensitive in H9N2 than EMCV. The vitality of H9N2 decreased by 6.25 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 0.0 log10TCID50/mL within 1 h of the composting. The vitality of EMCV decreased from 7.75 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 1.50 log10TCID50/mL within 24 h of starting the composting process. However, the activation of EMCV was not decreased (from 7.75 ± 0.35 to 7.50 ± 0.71 log10TCID50/mL) in the control treatment (not inserted in composts) after 168h, while the activation of H9N2 in dialysis cassettes was significantly decreased (from 6.25 ± 0.35 log10TCID50/mL to 2.00 ± 0.6 log10TCID50/mL). Our study demonstrated the effectiveness of the composting treatment in inactivating the viruses studied, which was not the case with air treatment.

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Wood Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Biomaterial Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo

JAPAN TAPPI JOURNAL ◽

10.2524/jtappij.66.410 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 66 (4) ◽

pp. 410-411

Keyword(s):

Graduate School ◽

Life Sciences ◽

Chemistry Laboratory ◽

Wood Chemistry ◽

Agricultural And Life Sciences ◽

The University

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Potential mechanisms involving the immobilization of Cd, As and Cr during swine manure composting

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-73894-4 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hao-Nan Guo ◽

Li-Xia Wang ◽

Hong-Tao Liu

Keyword(s):

Cation Exchange Capacity ◽

Physicochemical Parameters ◽

Redundancy Analysis ◽

Critical Role ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Bulking Agent ◽

Initial Carbon ◽

Acid Ratio ◽

The Relationship

Abstract This study aims to investigate the relationship between key physicochemical parameters related to composting process and bioavailability of Cd, As and Cr during swine manure composting through regulating different initial carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratios (15:1, 20:1, 25:1) and bulking agent types (straw, green waste). Results showed that higher initial C/N ratio of 20:1 or 25:1 and straw as bulking agent were optimal to reduce the bioavailability of Cd, As and Cr (62.4%, 20.6% and 32.2% reduction, respectively). Redundancy analysis implied that the bioavailability of Cd was significantly associated with total phosphorus and total nitrogen, deducing the formation of phosphate precipitation and biosorption might participated in the reaction process, while that of As and Cr were mainly influenced by organic matter (OM), cation exchange capacity (CEC) and OM, CEC, electric conductivity, respectively. A total of 48.5%, 64.6% and 62.2% of Cd, As and Cr redistribution information could be explained by the above parameters. Further correlation analysis revealed that bioavailable As and Cr were negatively correlated with humic acid to fulvic acid ratio. In summary, this study confirms that the mechanisms of phosphate precipitation, biosorption and humification played critical role in reducing Cd, As and Cr bioavailability during swine manure composting.

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Characterization, classification and suitability evaluation of soils under sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) cultivation at the Sugar Research Farm, University of Ilorin, Nigeria

Agro-Science ◽

10.4314/as.v20i3.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 14-23

Author(s):

O.N. Ajala ◽

T.A. Adjadeh ◽

J.O. Olaniyan ◽

T.O. Isimikalu ◽

E.K. Nartey ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sandy Loam ◽

Saccharum Officinarum ◽

Exchange Capacity ◽

Clay Loam ◽

Soil Taxonomy ◽

Reference Base ◽

Suitability Evaluation ◽

Reconnaissance Survey ◽

World Reference Base ◽

The University

A reconnaissance survey conducted at the University of Ilorin Sugar Research Farm (USRF) revealed four dominant soils at Site 1 (USRF1) and one at Site 2 (USRF2). The soils were characterized and classified according to both the Soil Taxonomy (ST) and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB). Also, the suitability of the soils for sugarcane cultivation was evaluated using the limitation approach. While the USRF1 soils were reddish, the USRF2 soil was greyish due to poor drainage. The USRF1 soils were loamy sand with the AB-horizons of pedons II and III being gravelly. Pedon V had sandy loam surface, sandy clay loam subsurface and clay loam subsoil. The USRF1 soils were moderately acid while the USRF2 soil was slightly acid to slightly alkaline. Exchangeable calcium (Ca2+) content of the USRF2 soil which averaged 4.00 cmolc kg–1 was 2-3 times higher than that of the USRF1 soils. The USRF2 soil also contained higher Mg2+, K+ and Na+, 2-3 folds higher effective cation exchange capacity and > 10 folds higher soil organic carbon (with mean of 11.60 g kg–1) and total nitrogen (mean of 0.94 g kg–1). Under ST, pedons I and IV classified as Typic Haplustepts, II and III as Lithic Haplustepts and V as a Kanhaplic Haplustalf. Under WRB, pedons I and IV classified as Eutric Regosols (arenic), II and III as Endo-pisoplinthic Cambisols (arenic) and V as a Gleyic Lixisol (loamic). Pedon V was highly suitable (85.25%), I and IV moderately suitable (64.53%), II marginally suitable (47.40%) and III unsuitable (35.62%) for sugarcane cultivation.

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Organic Compost of Swine Manure in the Production of Green Corn in Manaus, Brazil

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v12n10p188 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (10) ◽

pp. 188

Author(s):

Pamela Karoline Correia Brunner ◽

Hugo César Tadeu ◽

Carla Coelho Ferreira ◽

Ana Cecília Nina Lobato ◽

Aurinei da Silva Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Height ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Chemical Characteristic ◽

Corn Yield ◽

Corn Cob ◽

Swine Waste ◽

Higher Plant ◽

Soil P ◽

Before And After ◽

Organic Compost

Pig farming is considered one of the activities with the greatest environmental impact due to the erroneous disposal of swine waste. The present work aimed to produce an organic compost using waste from pig production and evaluate its chemical characteristic, corn yield under doses of this organic compost and soil nutritional quality before and after the experiment implementation. The Corn was fertilized at sowing and 30 days after plant germination using organic compost from pig waste at the doses: 0, 2, 3, 4 and 5 t ha-1. The Corn used was CATIVERDE 02 and were seeded at 1.0 m spacing between rows and 0.40 m between plants, in a total area of 240 m2. The experimental design was randomized blocks with four replications and five doses of organic compost. The parameters evaluated for corn were: plant height, stem diameter, weight and corncob length. Fertilization with swine organic compost increases in soil P, K, Ca, even after the corn harvest. The best treatment was with a dose of 5 t ha-1, as it resulted in higher plant height (1.85 m) and corn cob weight (261 g).

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Center Rondon project and university extension: sharing and knowledge production

International Journal for Innovation Education and Research ◽

10.31686/ijier.vol7.iss4.1420 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 387-396

Author(s):

Vaneza Cauduro Peranzoni ◽

Alieze Nascimento da Silva ◽

Carine Nascimento da Silva ◽

Luana Possamai Menezes

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Knowledge Production ◽

Rio Grande ◽

Rio Grande Do Sul ◽

The Poor ◽

Teachers And Students ◽

Extension Activity ◽

The University ◽

Political Economic ◽

The City

This work explores the experience of team participation the University of Cruz Alta Cruz Alta Rio Grande do Sul, Rondon Project. With goal to integrate the student to reality Brazil, and develop political, economic, and health care activities education for the poor, in January 2012, teachers and students visited the city of Aguiarnópolis, state of Tocantins in Brazil. The project is the intellectual effort of research and understanding of the process history, involving the saga of Brazilian Cândido Mariano Rondon and his legacy to the formation of anthropologists. This study proposes a reflection on Rondon Project while the university democratization of space public, considering it essential to approach institution with society. The Rondon Project is an extension activity that aims to consolidate the sense of social responsibility in university, knowledge on different Brazilian realities and production local collective projects. It is intended, finally, contribute through this study to highlight the importance of alliance between scientific knowledge and empirical in everyone's life citizens, and the contribution of the Rondon Project to provide this exchange of knowledge between students and underserved communities.

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Influence of Organic Fertilizers on Productivity of Barley: A Review

Agricultural Science Digest - A Research Journal ◽

10.18805/ag.df-374 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Arebu Hussen Yimer

Keyword(s):

Management Practice ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Relevant Information ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Yield Component ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Research Report ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

The World

Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the ancient cereal crops of agriculture in the world and one of the first domesticated cereals and fourth largest cereal crop next to maize, wheat and rice in the world. It contributes seven percent of the total cereal production. The production of barley in Ethiopia reduced by many factors from these biotic factors including rodents, pathogens, diseases, weed, pests, insects and abiotic stress like drought, flooding, temperature stress, salinity, poor management practice, frost, poor soil fertility, agronomic practice etc. among those the most important factors that reduce yield of barley in Ethiopia are the use of inappropriate organic fertilizers. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to review the influence of organic fertilizers on productivity of barely. The review was done by collecting the various published and unpublished materials relevant information from different literature sources like libraries, research report, journals, books and Internet center. As various scholars mentioned organic fertilizers affect the growth, development and yield of barley. The uses of farm yard manure, animal manure, poultry manure and vermi compost considerably improved yield and yield component of barley such as number of tillers per plant, spike length, straw, biomass, grain weight and grain yield. It concludes using organic fertilizer has crucial role for increasing barley production and productivity.

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