scholarly journals Prevalence of Substance Use in Medical and Dental Students of a Medical University of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-122
Author(s):  
Nidesh Sapkota ◽  
Garima Pudasaini ◽  
Binav Baral ◽  
Umesh Bhagat ◽  
Diksha Agrawal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Harmful Use ◽  
Alcohol Users ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Introduction: Medical and Dental students are vulnerable to higher levels of psychological distress than other age matched peers. Many studies reveal that there is high prevalence of psychoactive substance use and psychiatric co-morbidities among them. Objective: To identify prevalence of substance use (alcohol, nicotine, cannabis) among medical and dental students. Methods: A cross sectional study was done among medical and dental students (2nd year to interns) of B PKIHS. A total of 600 students were enrolled through systematic random sampling and only 588(98%) responded. Semi-structured questionnaire was used which included socio-demographic variables, AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test), Fagerstrom (for Nicotine dependence) and Cannabis Abuse Screening Test (CAST). Result: The mean age of participants was 22±2years. Among them, 61.2% (360) were male; 69.7% (410) were MBBS; 90.5% (532) were Nepalese and 9.5% (56) were Indians. The prevalence of alcohol users was 47.75% (281) in which 32% (90) were harmful users. Among 19.55% (115) nicotine users; 56.5% (65), 37.4% (43), 6.1% (7) had low, low to moderate and moderate dependence respectively. The prevalence of cannabis users was 9% (53) with 45.3% (24), 18.9% (10) having low and high addiction respectively. Conclusion: High percentage of medical and dental students showed substance use, harmful use and dependence. It is expected that they have knowledge about the harmful consequences of psychoactive substances.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Psychological Co-morbidities among medical and dental students of a Medical University of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
N. Sapkota ◽  
B. Baral ◽  
U. Bhagat ◽  
D. Agrawal ◽  
D.D. Baral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
One Year ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Introduction: Medical and Dental students are vulnerable to higher levels of Psychological distress than other age matched peers. This study was carried to identify prevalence of depression and anxiety in medical and dental students. Material and Method: A cross sectional study was done among medical and dental students (2nd year to interns) of BPKIHS. A total of 600 students were enrolled through systematic random sampling and 588 (98%) responded. Semi-structured questionnaire was used to record socio-demographic variables along with Becks Depression Inventory(BDI) and Becks Anxiety Inventory(BAI). Results: The mean age of participants was 22±2years among which 61.2%(360) were male, 69.7%(410) were from medical faculty, 90.5%(532) were Nepalese and 9.5%(56) were Indians. Depressive symptoms was recorded in 25.3%(149) out of which 12.6%(74), 6.5%(38), 5.3%(31), 0.5%(3), 0.5%(3) had mild, borderline, moderate, severe and extreme depressive symptoms respectively. Similarly anxiety was recorded among 7.8%(46) students with 42 having moderate and 4 having severe anxiety symptoms. Among the participants 6.3%(37) had suicidal thoughts and 4(0.7%) of them had suicide attempt in last one year. Conclusion: Medical and dental students showed high prevalence of anxiety and depression even with suicidal thoughts including past attempt.

scholarly journals Comparison of depression among medical and dental students of Qassim University 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 3335
Author(s):  
Anas Saleh Alsumaani ◽  
K. Chandra Sekhar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Scientific Terminology ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Background: Prevalence of depression enormously increasing throughout the world including developing and developed world. Especially in case of medical and dental students, after completion of schooling, will enter into University level and there will be different exposure, syllabus load and scientific terminology and adjustment to the surroundings leads to become depressive nature. Objective was to estimate the prevalence of depression, demographic variables and risk factors association with depression among medical and dental students of Qassim university.Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted March 2019 to June 2020 among the medical and dental students of Qassim University. A total of 235 sample collected through Google forms due to COVID-19 pandemic situation. Data entered in Statistical package for social sciences, 21.0 version and necessary statistical tests were applied.Results: In the present study about 235 study participants, of which 174 medical and 61 dental students participated. Among the 174 medical students, about 62.1% were males and among the 61 dental students, about 39.3% were males. Prevalence of depression among medical students and dental students was 82.90% and 86.90% respectively. Socioeconomic status was significantly associated with depression in both the groups’ medical and dental students.Conclusions: High prevalence of depression was noticed in medical and dental students. Need to strengthen the supportive health programs to the medical and dental students to be arranged and will indirectly reduce the stress among the students.

scholarly journals Pterygium and associated factors among adults: a hospital-based prospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-37
Author(s):  
Chhimi Wangmo ◽  
Nor Tshering Lepcha
Keyword(s):  
Associated Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Referral Hospital ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Systematic Random Sampling ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Grade 3 ◽  
National Referral Hospital

Introduction: The aim of this hospital-based study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of pterygium among adult patients visiting the Ophthalmology Outpatient Department (OPD) in the Jigme Dorji Wangchuck National Referral Hospital (JDWNRH), Thimphu. Methods: A cross sectional study was carried out in the ophthalmology OPD in the national referral hospital, Thimphu from 1st January, 2018 to 31st December, 2018, during which 1599 adult patients were selected through systematic random sampling. Results: The prevalence of pterygium was 12.8% (95% CI: 11.2 -14.5). Among 271 eyes with pterygium, the distribution of grade 1, grade 2 and grade 3 pterygium was 34.7%, 56.1% and 9.2% respectively. Pterygium wasmost common in the age group of 36-55 years. The significant factors associated with pterygium were age group, occupation and usage of sunglasses. Individuals who were 36-55 years (adjusted OR 2.70, 95% CI 1.82-4.0) and >55 years (adjusted OR 2.17, 95% CI 1.34-3.50) had significantly higher risk than 18-35 years (p< 0.002), and not using sunglasses (adjusted OR 1.97, 95% CI1.17-3.33, p = 0.007) significantly increased the risk of pterygium. Indoor occupation, particularly being a student was protective against pterygium (OR 0.08, 95% CI 10.02-0.33, p< 0.001). Only 14.1% used sunglasses and among them, 27.6% were aware that sunglasses can protect from ultraviolet radiation. Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of pterygium among adults aged 18 years and above. Those aged 36-55 years and an occupation involving outdoor activities were affected more. Encouraging usage of sunglasses may reduce pterygium

scholarly journals Relationship of ABO and Rh blood groups with history of gastritis in the undergraduate medical and dental students: a cross-sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 372-377
Author(s):  
Nilu Manandhar ◽  
Kushal Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Background & Objectives: The various ABO and Rh blood groups with different distribution frequencies in the general population have been found to be associated with different diseases, most notably gastritis. Many studies have claimed Rh groups to be indifferent to such association. Nonetheless, ABO group is found to linked with chronic gastritis. The aim of this study was to estimate the frequencies of ABO and Rh blood groups and the gastritis amongst the first and second year undergraduate medical and dental students; and to study their relationships. Materials & Methods: In a descriptive, cross-sectional study, 247 study participants were enrolled. After procuring clearance from the institutional review committee and the informed and written consent from the study participants, data collection was done on the variables, year of study (first or second year), gender, blood groups (ABO and Rh) and history of gastritis (present or absent).Results: Blood group O was the commonest (n=99; 40.1%) followed by group B (n=77; 31.2%). Similarly, 239 (96.8%) participants were Rh-positive as compared to 8 (3.2%) Rh-negative. Interestingly, 46 (18.6%) of the participants reported positive history of gastritis. Participants with blood group O had the greatest odds (OR=1.64) of having history of gastritis compared with those with other blood groups combined. Distribution of study participants based on gender and history of gastritis in either systems of blood grouping shoed no significant difference in their proportions (p>0.05). Conclusion: In light of the above findings, further longitudinal studies can be designed to better asses the relationship.

scholarly journals Prevalance of Using Cigarette,Alcohol,Substance Among High School Students and Factors Affected Them

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Levent ◽  
A Ozer ◽  
A Gokce
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
School Students ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Alcohol Users

Abstract Background Usage rate of cigarette, alcohol, and substance is increasing day by day.Protectiv efactors have primary importance for prevention of substance use.The aim of this study is to investigate the prevalance of using cigarette, alcohol and substance and research relationship between risk factories and substance using, among high school students. Methods Ä°n Malatya city there are 17866 Anatolian, 14381 Vocational,10362 Religious high school students.Totally all of this 42629 students form the universe of this cross-sectional study. When the prevalance of using cigarette accepted as 25 % in high school students; sample size in Anatolian high school,Occupatioanal high school and Religious high school was found 283, 283 and 280 respectively.This survey was conducted in 9 different high schools which choosed by stratified sampling method, and 975 high school students have been reached in this survey.Ä°n the statistical analysing of data,Chi square test, logistic regression test were used. Results The prevalance of cigarette, alcohol and substance using found 34%, 14.3% and 4.2% respectivey among students participating in the survey.Cigarette using; in male students is 2.2 times higher (Cl 95%,1.661-3.073), in alcohol users is 7.6 times higher(Cl 95%,4.919-11.834)(p &lt; 0.05).Alcohol using is 9.6 times higher(Cl 95%, 5.712-16.250) in cigarette smokers(p &lt; 0.05).And alcohol using in students with alcohol use in their families is 26.8 times higher(Cl 95%,12.489-57.711)(p &lt; 0.05).Substance using; found 12.2 times higher(Cl 95%,4.900-30.566) in alcohol users,2.4 times higher(Cl 95%,5.712-16.250) in cigarette smokers and 5.6 times higher(Cl 95%,1.366-23.068)in students with substance use in their families (p &lt; 0.05). Conclusions Cigarette using is more common in males and alcohol users.Alcohol use increses in smokers and students with alcohol use in their families.Substance use among students increases when student uses cigarette or alcohol and if there are substanceuse in their families. Key messages Alcohol use increses in smokers, smoking increses in alcohol users. Substance use increses in smokers, alcohol users and in the students with substance use in their families.

Tomorrow’s doctors and dentists in Malaysia: empathic or indifferent?

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muneer Gohar Gohar Babar ◽  
Syed Shahzad Hasan ◽  
Lee Ping Lim ◽  
Phei June Lim ◽  
Nik Mohd Mazuan Nik Mohd Rosdy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
First Year ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dental Surgery ◽  
Empathy Score ◽  
Empathic Communication ◽  
Student Version ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Objectives: This study compared the empathic behaviour of first year to final year dental and medical students in Malaysia and explored whether academic training of dental and medical students increases their subjective empathic tendencies. Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among 1020 first year to final year (fifth-year) undergraduate medical and dental students using a validated, self-administered Jefferson Scale of Empathy-Health Care Provider Student Version (JSE-HPS) questionnaire. The data were collected from first year to final year (fifth-year) students enrolled in Bachelor of Medicine/Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) and Bachelor of Dental Surgery (BDS) degree programs at 2 government-funded universities and one private university. Results: Dental students had a significantly higher total mean empathy score than medical students (84.11 versus 81.96, p < 0.05). However, medical students had a narrow actual score range (59.35 - 133.35) than dental (22.05 - 133.35) students. Males (Medical: 82.57, Dental: 84.97) and students of Malay origin (Medical: 82.52, Dental: 85.11) were more empathic than females and students of other ethnic origins. The results also indicate that third-year medical students (mean: 82.95) and fourth-year dental students (mean: 86.36) were more empathic than students in other professional years.Conclusions: We recommend the use of some form of active training and assessment to assist in the development of empathy in medical and dental students. Medical and dental schools should place more emphasis on teaching empathic communication.

scholarly journals ISCHEMIC AND HEMORRHAGIC STROKE;

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Aziz Sahto ◽  
Amir Shahzad ◽  
Ruqayya
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
One Year ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Medical University

Objectives: The aim behind this study was assess the frequency of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke and associated risk factors in patients with hypertension. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Period: One year. Setting: Department of Medicine People’s Medical University, Shaheed Benazeerabad. Material and Methods: This study was a hospital based study in which sampling was done through a purposive sampling technique. A total of 160 patients admitted with stroke were included in our study. After taking informed consent patient’s relevant history and examination were carried out. CT-Scan was done to confirm and different between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.SPSS version 17.0 was used to analyze the collected data. Results: Ischemic stroke was observed in 105(66%) patients and 55(34%) were suffered hemorrhagic stroke. Hypertension was 100% in both types of storks in ischemic stroke and hemorrhagic stroke.Rate of diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and smoking were significantly high in hemorrhagic stroke than ischemic stroke (p<0.01). Conclusion: We found a high prevalence of ischemic stroke than hemorrhagic stroke in our population. Among associated factors gender, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes and smoking were prevalent in both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients.

scholarly journals Virtual Anatomy Classes among the First and Second Year Medical and Dental Students of a Medical College: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 59 (240) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarbada Makaju ◽  
Chandra Kala Rai
Keyword(s):  
Medical Education ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Virtual Anatomy ◽  
Virtual Classes ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Introduction: The pandemic of COVID-19 affected every single person in the world. This pandemic also affected the academics of medical and dental colleges of Nepal. In these conditions, the virtual study was used as an emergency measure during the COVID-19 period, with an adaptation to the “new normal” to deliver preclinical medical education. This has brought both challenges and opportunities to medical education. The objective of the study is to find out whether the anatomy virtual classes were helpful among the first and second year medical and dental students of a medical college. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 206 first and second-year medical and dental students of a medical college between 1st May 2021-31st May 2021 after getting the ethical clearance from the Institutional Review Committee (reference no. 0504202109). The convenient sampling was done. The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 20 version. Point estimate at 95% Confidence Interval was calculated along with frequency and percentage for binary data. Results: Out of the total 206 students, 173 (84%) (78.99-89.01 at 95% Confidence Interval) found that virtual anatomy classes were not helpful for the study of the anatomy classes.  Conclusions: From the study, we conclude that more than half of the students found that virtual classes were not helpful for the study of anatomy classes. Students have difficulty in studying dissection, cadaveric, and embryological structures via virtual classes. Physical class is better for studying anatomy than virtual classes for medical and dental students.

scholarly journals Effects of COVID-19 2021 lockdown on the sleep quality and mental health of undergraduate medical and dental students of Pakistan: A cross-sectional study.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveen Siddique Sheikh ◽  
Aiza Anwar ◽  
Iqra Pervaiz ◽  
Zunaira Arshad ◽  
Huma Saeed Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Students ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Poor Sleep Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical And Dental Students

Background and objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic has been recognized as a cause of direct and indirect psychological consequences that impact mental health such as acute stress disorders, anxiety, irritability, poor concentration, and insomnia. This study was planned to evaluate the sleep quality and mental health of undergraduate students amidst the COVID-19 lockdown of 2021. Materials and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study was conducted in Lahore, Pakistan, where 261 undergraduate medical and dental students enrolled at a private medical and dental school were approached from March to May 2021. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to identify the sleep quality along with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) to establish anxiety symptoms and the Physical Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) for depression symptoms. Results: The results show that 212 (81.2%) female and 49 (18.8%) male students participated in the study. Of the participants 75.1% experienced poor sleep quality, 90% had symptoms of depression, and 85.4% had symptoms of anxiety. The mean score on the PSQI scale was 8.59+4.10, on the GAD-7 scale was 11.36+5.94 and on the PHQ-9 scale was 13.70+6.81. Multiple regression analysis showed that anxiety symptoms (β = 0.315, p = 0.000) and depression symptoms (β = 0.398, p = 0.000) were significant predictors of sleep quality amongst the undergraduate medical and dental students. Conclusion: A high majority of the study participants are experiencing poor sleep quality along with suffering from depression and anxiety amidst the COVID-19 lockdown. It is concluded from the analysis that anxiety and depression symptoms are significant predictors of sleep quality. Relevant authorities need to set up systems that help undergraduate medical students in alleviating and coping with these symptoms midst the COVID-19 pandemic.

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