Sphenoid sinus pneumatization in a sample of Nepalese population: A multidetector computed tomography study.

Introduction: The purpose of study was to assess the prevalence of different types of pneumatization of sphenoid sinus in the Nepalese population as detected in CT scan of paranasal sinus. Materials and Methods: This study included patients attending radiology department for CT scan of paranasal sinus. The CT images of paranasal sinus were assessed for the type of pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus and type of clival, lateral recess and lesser wing extensions. Results: Most common type of pneumatization found in our study was complete sellar type (61.7%) and partial sellar type was second common type (27.4%). Pre-sellar type of pneumatization was seen in 10.9%. There were no patients with conchal type of pneumatization in our study. The clival extension of pneumatization was seen in 64%, lateral extension was found in 35.4%. and lesser wing type of pneumatization was found in 9.7%. Conclusion: Pre-surgical assessment of types and extension of sphenoid sinus pneumatization helps surgeons in surgical planning and to reduce complications during surgery. The variation in prevalence of sphenoid sinus pneumatization was found between our study population and other different population. This confirms that ethnicity influences types and extension of sphenoid sinus pneumatization.

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Modified Ipsilateral Endonasal Endoscopic Trans-Sphenoidal Approach to Sphenoid Sinus Lateral Recess Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak Management in Two Cases: A Technical Note

Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1713338 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (03) ◽

pp. 459-462 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Survendra Kumar R. Rai ◽

Saswat Kumar Dandpat

Keyword(s):

Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽

Paranasal Sinus ◽

Sphenoid Sinus ◽

Middle Turbinate ◽

Fat Graft ◽

Csf Leak ◽

Invasive Technique ◽

Reconstructive Procedures ◽

Lateral Recess ◽

Autologous Fat Graft

Abstract Background Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak from the sphenoid sinus lateral recess (SSLR) is very rare. Majority prefer transpterygoid approach which is extensive and time consuming. Two such cases were managed with least possible dissection/destruction of paranasal sinus. Methods Two cases of SSLR were accessed through the ipsilateral nostril from the side of CSF leak. Wide ipsilateral anterior sphenoidotomy was done preserving intersinus septum of sphenoid sinus. Middle turbinate was lateralized and remaining paranasal structures were preserved. Two handed single nostril approach was done in both the cases by 45- and 70-degree endoscope along with angled instruments. SSLR defects were visualized and packed with autologous fat graft and glue. Results SSLR defects could be visualized and packed with fat graft in both the cases from ipsilateral side. Both cases had uneventful outcome with no leak with mean follow-up of 11.5 months. Conclusion Modified ipsilateral endonasal endoscopy trans-sphenoidal approach is least invasive technique for SSLR leak. Use of angled scope and instruments help in defect visualization, avoiding extensive paranasal sinus dissection and bony removal. Tedious time-consuming reconstructive procedures can be avoided with simple fat graft with good outcome.

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Sphenochoanal polyp: Radiological diagnosis

South African Journal of Radiology ◽

10.4102/sajr.v3i2.1538 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 3 (2) ◽

pp. 7-8

Author(s):

M. W. Pak ◽

J. Kew

Keyword(s):

Soft Tissue ◽

Ct Scan ◽

Maxillary Sinus ◽

Paranasal Sinus ◽

Sphenoid Sinus ◽

Radiological Diagnosis ◽

Antrochoanal Polyp ◽

Soft Tissue Density ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Sphenochoanal Polyp

A sphenochoanal polyp is seen as an isolated soft tissue density mass that arises from the sphenoid sinus and extends to the choana on computed tomographic scans. Distinction from its more common counterpart, antrochoanal polyp which arises from the maxillary sinus, is essential prior to surgery. A case is presented to illustrate that CT scan of paranasal sinus plays an important role in the identification of the sinus of origin.

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Computed tomographic scanning measurement of skull bone thickness: a single center study

International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences ◽

10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20180614 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 913

Author(s):

Fowzia Farzana ◽

Bashir A. Shah ◽

Shaheen Shadad ◽

Peerzada Zia ul Haq ◽

Arif Sarmast ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Computerized Tomography ◽

Parietal Bone ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Human Beings ◽

Skull Bone ◽

Computed Tomographic ◽

Study Population ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

Background: Computerized tomography scan (CT scan) can be useful for the measuring the calvarial thickness in human beings. This could help in identifying the racial and the gender variations in calvarial thickness in a population. The data obtained about calvarial thickness study in human population may be useful for researchers, anatomists, anthropologists, surgeons and manufacturers of surgical screws.Methods: This was an observational study carried out on 104 subjects, with a normal computerized tomography CT scan of the head. Any subject with a skull fractures or an underlying intracranial lesion were excluded from study. A total of 52 males and 52 females who presented in the radiology department for CT head were studied in a consecutive manner. The thickness of skull bone was measured on console (Somatom, Siemens 16 slice).Results: Our study population consisted of 52 male and 52 female subjects. The mean age for males was 48.03 (Range 18-70) years and while as the mean age of females was 47.37 (Range 18-73) years. We did not find any difference in the thickness of the frontal bone at upper third, middle third and lower third between the two sexes. However, the posterior third parietal bone, the anterior and middle third occipital bone was significantly thicker in females when compared to males.Conclusions: Our study suggests that the anterior third of the parietal bone has a more calvarial thickness on the right side than on the left side in both males and females. However, the female calvarium has a significantly thicker calvarium at the posterior third parietal; anterior and middle third occipital bones when compared to male counterparts showing a sexual dimorphism in our study population.

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Surgical Anatomy of Variations in Sphenoid Sinus Pneumatisation using Computerized Tomograph

Annals of Clinical and Experimental Medicine ◽

10.47838/acem.26011977.127122020.asmeda.1.15 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Aliu Abdulhameed ◽

Bello Sirajo Shiitu

Keyword(s):

Sphenoid Sinus ◽

Preoperative Evaluation ◽

Surgical Anatomy ◽

The Body ◽

University Teaching ◽

Sphenoid Bone ◽

Ct Scans ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Ct Scanner ◽

Different Types

Background: The cavity of the sphenoid sinus is a natural surgical route for accessing the middle cranial fossa. The extent of pneumatisation of the sphenoid is key to the preoperative evaluation of transsphenoidal, surgical procedures. Aim: To determine the prevalence and variations in the extent of pneumatisation of the body of the sphenoid bone using computerised tomography (CT). Methodology: Head CT scans of 323 patients were studied at the Radiology Department of the Usmanu Danfodiyo University Teaching Hospital, Sokoto, after ethical approval was granted. The CT scans were taken with a GE Bright Speed Multidetector Helical CT Scanner, and viewed with the Digital Imaging and Communication in Medicine (DICOM) viewer, powered by RadiAnt Version 4.2 software. Sphenoid sinus pneumatisation was defined by the anteroposterior extent of the sinus cavity of the sphenoid bone on sagittal images. The extent of pneumatisation was classified into four; conchal, presellar, sellar and postsellar, based on the position of the posterior wall of the cavity in relation to the anterior and posterior walls of the sellar turcica. Results: The predominant type of pneumatisation was the postsellar. The prevalence of the different types of pneumatisation were: postsellar, 50.2%, sellar, 32.0%, presellar, 14.7%, and conchal, 3.1%. There was no statistically significant relationship between pneumati- sation and sex (X2 = 0.585), or age (X2 = 0.076). Conclusion: With the prevalence of the different types of pneumatisation, a pre-operative CT assessment of the sphenoid sinus anatomy is essential, whenever the options for a transsphenoidal access to the sellar is being contemplated.

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Menstruation Among Adolescent Girls Living in Rural Border Areas

International Journal of Medical and Biomedical Studies ◽

10.32553/ijmbs.v4i8.1349 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (8) ◽

Author(s):

Ritu Gupta ◽

Ravinder K Gupta ◽

Vallabh Dogra ◽

Himani Badyal

Keyword(s):

Abdominal Pain ◽

Menstrual Cycle ◽

Blood Loss ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Adolescent Girls ◽

Common Side Effect ◽

Age Group ◽

Different Types ◽

Study Population ◽

Border Areas

Objective: To study the various beliefs and problems regarding menstruation among adolescent girls living in rural border areas. Design- Prospective study. Setting- Pediatric outpatient clinic. Materials and methods- About 200 adolescent girls (11-19 years) living in rural border areas were enrolled for the study. These girls were asked about menarche, duration of the cycle, amount of blood loss and the various menstrual problems. They were also asked about the various beliefs and myths regarding menstruation. The girls having any illness affecting the menstrual cycle or those suffering from neuropsychiatric disorders were excluded from this study. Results- About 51% of the study population was in the age group 17-18 years. About 43.5% of girls attained menarche at the age of 10-12 years. About 51% of girls did not know about menstruation before menarche. Abdominal pain was the most common side effect seen in 41% of girls during menstruation. About 61% of girls considered themselves unclean during menstruation. Twenty percent avoided schools, 20% avoided kitchen, 12% avoided temples while 10% stayed away from friends/ relatives. Only 33% of girls knew that menstruation stops temporarily after becoming pregnant. Twenty-two percent girls were using sanitary napkins while the rest used different types of clothes during the menstrual cycle. Conclusion- There is a dire need to educate girls regarding menstruation before menarche in the rural border areas. Every mother should discuss in a friendly way regarding various aspects of menstruation.

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A Comparative Study of Endoscopic Finding and Radiological Appearance in Paranasal Sinus Disease

Journal of Medical Research and Innovation ◽

10.15419/jmri.128 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (S1) ◽

pp. e000128

Author(s):

Anjani Agarwal ◽

Alpesh Fefar ◽

Manish Mehta

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Paranasal Sinus ◽

Uncinate Process ◽

Nasal Endoscopy ◽

High Association ◽

Sinus Disease ◽

Radiological Appearance ◽

Highly Sensitive ◽

Operative Findings ◽

Paranasal Sinus Disease

Aims and Objectives: The study is carried out with an objective to compare the diagnostic nasal endoscopic findings and radiological appearance in patients with paranasal sinus disease. Methods: 50 cases of chronic sinusitis not responding to routine medical line of treatment were selected and operated after being thoroughly investigated by means of nasal endoscopy and CT scan. Results: Out of 50 cases, 35 underwent bilateral surgery and 15 underwent unilateral surgery, so a total of 85 procedures were carried out. Findings of both the CT scan as well as diagnostic nasal endoscopy were compared to each other and ultimately correlated with operative findings. Conclusion: In our study, a high association is found between both the modalities of investigation i.e CT scan and diagnostic nasal endoscopy with one scoring over the other in different parameters. Diagnostic nasal endoscopy is found to be highly sensitive investigatory modality for parameters like frontal recess, spheno-ethmoid recess and hiatus semilunaris, where as CT scan is found to be highly sensitive for parameters like maxillary sinus, uncinate process and posterior ethmoids. So, a case of sinus disease should be diagnosed as early as possible using both these modalities as together they complement each other. Early diagnosis and effective management cures the pathology and prevents disastrous complications.

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Incidence of Cerebral Hemorrhage in Traumatic Patients using Computed Tomography in Tabuk City, Saudi Arabia

International Journal of Innovative Research in Medical Science ◽

10.23958/ijirms/vol05-i10/971 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (10) ◽

pp. 460-463

Author(s):

Amna Mohamed Ahmed ◽

Towmader Awad ◽

Hajer Yousif ◽

Reem Nahari ◽

Omnia Abdelrhman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Head Trauma ◽

Subdural Hematoma ◽

Cerebral Hemorrhage ◽

Imaging Modality ◽

Common Type ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Age Group ◽

Ct Finding

Computed Tomography (CT) is the most commonly used imaging modality in the evaluation of cerebral hemorrhage in the head trauma patients. Objective: To study the incidence of a cerebral hemorrhage in traumatic patients using computed tomography. Method: This retrospective study was conducted at King Khalid hospital in Tabuk city, Saudi Arabia, in the radiology department, in the period from September 2018 to April 2020. The study was done by collecting 471 CT reports of patients all of them were exposed to head trauma with deferent reasons. The data were analyzed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program (ver. 20) and presented in tables and graphs according to the checklist which includes: patient age, gender, type of trauma, CT finding, and type of hemorrhage. Results: The most age group suffered from head trauma was less than 20 years percentage (55%), The male patients more exposed to head trauma than female patients with percentage (84.5%), the road traffic accident (RTA) is the most common type of trauma by percentage (63.5%), according to the CT finding; the cerebral hemorrhage represented (15.5%) with the highest percentage in a subdural hematoma (31.2%), the fracture represented (2.8%) while the normal appearance represented (81.7%) as the highest percentage. Conclusion: Most of the traumatic brain injury in patients caused cerebral hemorrhage and the CT scan reports show that: the common type of cerebral hemorrhage is subdural hematoma and it is common in males which exposed to (RTA) in the age group (21 - 40) years old.

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Evaluation of Small Wastewater Treatment Plants in the County of Århus – Denmark

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0201 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 33-41

Author(s):

Jes la Cour Jansen ◽

Bodil Mose Pedersen ◽

Erik Moldt

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Constructed Wetlands ◽

Biological Treatment ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽

Chemical Precipitation ◽

Common Type ◽

Treatment Efficiency ◽

Effluent Quality ◽

Different Types

Influent and effluent data from about 120 small wastewater treatment plants (100 - 2000 PE) have been collected and processed. Seven different types of plants are represented. The effluent quality and the treatment efficiency have been evaluated. The most common type of plant is mechanical/biological treatment plants. Some of them are nitrifying and some are also extended for chemical precipitation of phosphorus. Constructed wetlands and biological sandfilters are also represented among the small wastewater treatment plants.

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Incidence of various dental anomalies in population of Taxilla, Pakistan

10.53350/pjmhs2115102710 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 2710-2711

Author(s):

Saman Malik ◽

Faiqa Hassan ◽

Muhammad Farooq ◽

Usman ul Haq ◽

Amna Faisal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gender Discrimination ◽

Radiology Department ◽

Dental Radiology ◽

Dental Anomalies ◽

Supernumerary Teeth ◽

Missing Teeth ◽

Impacted Teeth ◽

The People ◽

Dental Procedures ◽

Different Types

Background: There are different types of teeth anomalies that effects the people of different regional populations. Aim: To determine the occurrence of dental anomalies in patients of Taxila that visit our college for routine dental procedures. Methods: The study was retrospective and was conducted on periapical intraoral radiographs of patients between the ages of 15 to 35 years, with no gender discrimination at Dental College HITEC-IMS. Results: We collected data from 450 periapical intraoral radiographs that were taken in last six months (i.e. 15th January 2021 till 15th July 2021) in dental radiology department. Conclusion: The dental anomalies that were found in the population of taxila were impacted teeth, missing teeth, rotated tooth, supernumerary teeth (mesiodens), root dilacerations, peg lateral, taurodontism and hypercementosis. Keywords: Root anomalies, dental anomalies, periapical radiograph

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