scholarly journals Physical, chemical and microbiological analysis of bottled water in Pokhara, Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Manisha Maskey ◽  
Laxminarasimha Sharma Annavarapu ◽  
Tista Prasai ◽  
Dharma Raj Bhatta
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Bottled Drinking Water ◽  
Physical Chemical

Background: Today possibility of rendering water non-potable by various types of contaminants (physical, chemical and biological) is of considerable importance. It is not only the microbial con­taminants but also the physical and chemical contaminants, playing an important role in compro­mising our health in many ways. The aim of this study was to assess the physical, chemical and the microbiological quality of commercially produced bottled water in Pokhara city. Methods: A study was conducted to assess the quality of bottled drinking water produced in Pokhara city. Total of 21 brands of bottled water was collected, first batch in monsoon season and second batch in pre-monsoon season, from the market. The physical, chemical and microbial as­sessment was carried out as per National Drinking Water Quality Standards, 2062. Coefficient of variation and t-test were applied where applicable. Results: Better water quality was found in Pre-monsoon season than that of monsoon season, in regard to microbial assessment. None of the samples in first batch tested positive for coliform whereas in second batch 38.2% of samples tested positive for coliform. Coefficient of variation for pH and chloride content was, 8.9% and 6.1%, 35.6% and24.19%, in pre-monsoon and monsoon season respectively. Both were found to be statistically significant. While other tested parameters were within normal limits. Conclusions: The quality bottled drinking water available for sale do not meet the standards given by National Drinking Water Quality Standards, particularly the microbial quality.

scholarly journals STUDI KELAYAKAN AIR TANAH UNTUK KEBUTUHAN AIR MINUM DI KELURAHAN ROMANG POLONG KECAMATAN SOMBA OPU KABUPATEN GOWA

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Destiquama Destiquama ◽  
Hasriyanti Hasriyanti ◽  
Amal Amal
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
The Republic

The quality of ground water for drinking water needs is based on physical, chemical and biological parameters of Romang Polong. The researcher took 5 kinds of water as samples based on land use by applying the Storet method. The water sample was tested in the field and analyzed in the laboratory. The results obtained are compared with the specified based on criteria of water quality which indicated that groundwater in the Romang Polong is suitable to be used as drinking water quality standards at the point 2, 3, and 4. However, at the point 1 and 5 are not feasible to be used as drinking water quality standards. But, it is still feasible to use for household needs such as bathing and washing. It might be happened because the physical, chemical, and biological parameters exceeded the maximum permissible threshold based on the drinking water quality standard according to Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia No. 492 / MENKES / PER / IV / 2010.

scholarly journals IDENTIFIKASI KUALITAS MATA AIR SEBAGAI SUMBER AIR MINUM TANPA PENGOLAHAN DI DESA KUKUH, KECAMATAN MARGA, KABUPATEN TABANAN, BALI, TAHUN 2018

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 138-146
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Nova Dilisca Dwi Putri ◽  
Nyoman Sudarma ◽  
Diah Prihatiningsih
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Microbiological Parameters ◽  
The Village ◽  
Bacteriological Parameters

Pendahuluan : Air merupakan sumber daya alam yang dilukan untuk hajat hidup orang banyak (Efendi, 2003). Berdasarkan . Men. Kes. No. 492/MENKES//IV/2010, bahwa air minum adalah air yang melalui proses pengolahan atau tanpa pengolahan memenuhi syarat kesehatan dapat langsung diminum. Desa Kukuh, Kecamatan Marga, Kabupaten Tabanan terbagi menjadi 8 banjar dinas, salah satunya adalah banjar dinas Tatag yang menjadi pusat dalam pemanfaatan sumber mata air minum pada wilayah desa tersebut. Metode: Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif tentang uji kelayakan kualitas air berdasarkan parameter kimia dan mikrobiologi dari sumber mata air di Desa Kukuh, Kecamatan Marga, Kabupaten Tabanan. Hasil: Hasil identifikasi kelayakan kualitas air minum yang telah dilakukan sebanyak tiga kali pengujian, yaitu pada bulan (Mei, Juli, September) pada tahun 2018 memberikan hasil: a). Pemeriksaan parameter kimia menunjukkan bahwa seluruh parameter yang diujikan berada pada standar yang dibolehkan, sedangkan b). Pemeriksaan parameter mikrobiologi menunjukkan hasil adanya kandungan bakteri Fecal coli pada sampel mata air dengan jumlah rata-rata 100 Fecal coli/100 mL. Diskusi : Berdasarkan hasil identifikasi pada parameter kimia menunjukkan bahwa hasil identifikasi parameter kimia telah sesuai dengan standar kualitas air minum, sedangkan parameter mikrobiologi belum memenuhi standar kualitas air minum disebabkan adanya kandungan bakteri Fecal coli pada sampel mata air dengan jumlah rata-rata  100 Fecal coli/100 mL. Kata Kunci : Kualitas mata air, Parameter Kimia, Parameter Mikrobiologi.   ABSTRACT Introduction: Water is a natural resource needed for the livelihood of many people. Drinking water is water with or without processing that meet health requirements and can be drunk directly, this is based on . Men Kes No. 492/MENKES//IV/2010. Kukuh Village, Marga District, Tabanan Regency is divided into 8 banjar dinas, one of which is the Banjar Tagtag, which is the center of the utilization of drinking water sources in the village area. Method: The type of research used is a descriptive study of the feasibility of water quality based on chemical and microbiological parameters on water from a spring source in Kukuh Village, Marga District, Tabanan Regency. Results: The results of the identification of the feasibility of drinking water quality that has been carried out three times tn the month of May, July, and September. The results of the identification of chemical and microbiological parameters were  : a). Chemical parameters, showed that all identified parameters are at the missible level. c). Microbiological parameters showed the results of Fecal coli contents in spring samples with and an average number of 100 Fecal coli/100 mL. Discussion: The results of the identification of chemical and microbiological parameters indicated that the identification of chemical parameters were in accordance with drinking water quality standards, while the microbiological parameters did not meet drinking water quality standards, because in the water sample there was the content of Fecal coli bacteria in the spring samples with and average number of 100 Fecal coli/100 mL. Keywords : Quality of Springs, Chemical Parameters, Bacteriological Parameters

ANALISIS KUALITAS AIR MINUM DALAM KEMASAN (AMDK) DI YOGYAKARTA DITINJAU DARI PARAMETER FISIKA DAN KIMIA AIR

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Titin Aryani
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Physical Parameters ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Chemical Parameters ◽  
Water Ph ◽  
Quality Water

Backgroud: Nowadays, bottled water has become the most substitute water for cooking drinking water. Although bottled water seemed attractive, it is crucial to assess its quality. Objective: This quantitative study aimed to determine the quality of the 5 brands of bottled water circulating in Yogyakarta, in terms of physical parameters (temperature, smell, taste, color, turbidity, and TDS electroconductivity) and chemical parameters of water (pH, the presence of Cl-ions, and the presence of metals such as Cr, Fe, Zn, Cd). Methods: The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. The instrument used to determine the quality of bottled water is the standard of drinking water quality standards. Result: The results showed that five samples of bottled water circulating in Yogyakarta, are all qualified bottled water both in terms of physical parameters (temperature, smell, taste, color, turbidity, electroconductivity, and TDS) and chemical parameters of water (pH , the presence of Cl-ions, and the presence of metals such as Cr, Fe, Zn, Cd). Conclusion: Five samples of bottled water circulating in Yogyakarta were suitable for consumption. Keywords: Bottled water, water analysis, water quality, water chemistry parameters  

scholarly journals Seasonal Variation in Groundwater Quality of Yavatmal District, India

2011 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 870-874
Author(s):  
P. N. Rajankar ◽  
D. H. Tambekar ◽  
S. R. Wate
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Seasonal Variation ◽  
Groundwater Quality ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Percolation Process ◽  
Post Monsoon Season ◽  
Different Parts

Seventy samples of groundwater were collected from different parts of Yavatmal District, India and analyzed. The results of this analysis were compared with the WHO water quality standards. The groundwater quality in this district showed slightly seasonal variation while the data computed in Water Quality Index (WQI) calculator. The WQI was varied from 73.0 to 80.2 during pre monsoon and 68.7 to 72.4 in post monsoon season, which showed slightly seasonal variation. This may be attributed to surface runoff and percolation process. The results showed that, the water in these areas are bacteriologically not safe and need treatment before it is used for drinking.

scholarly journals Water Quality in Thirty Freshwater Springs and Twenty Four Brackish Springs in the Karst Area to Realize Sustainable Water Resources Management

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2679
Author(s):  
La Baco Sudia ◽  
Lies Indriyani ◽  
Lukman Yunus ◽  
Baso Mursidi ◽  
Asramid Yasin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Government Regulation ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Sustainable Water Resources Management ◽  
Freshwater Springs

Clean water is an unlimited and sustainable need that must be fulfilled every day and meet an appropriate standard in terms of quantity and quality. The research objective in this study was to analyze the quality of water in thirty freshwater springs and twenty four brackish springs in the karst area of Buton Tengah Regency to achieve sustainable water resource management. Data on the quality of freshwater springs and brackish water springs chemically and biologically have been analyzed in the biology laboratory of FMIPA Universitas Halu Oleo, then the results are compared with the standards for water quality contained in the regulations of the Minister of Health and Government Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia. The results showed that the freshwater springs in Talaga Raya District exceeded the water quality standards for hardness parameter, while the brackish springs in Mawasangka Tengah, Mawasangka Timur, Lakudo, and Mawasangka Districts has exceeded the water quality standards for parameters of total dissolved solids, hardness, and chloride. However, these parameters are relatively easy to overcome so that the use of freshwater springs can qualify as drinking water, while the use of brackish springs should be used to meet domestic non-drinking water needs.

scholarly journals Assessment of groundwater quality status by using water quality index (WQI) and geographic information system (GIS) approaches: a case study of the Bokaro district, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poornima Verma ◽  
Prasoon Kumar Singh ◽  
Ritu Ranjan Sinha ◽  
Ashwani Kumar Tiwari
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Information System ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Geographic Information System ◽  
Quality Index ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Groundwater Samples

AbstractOne hundred two groundwater samples were collected from the Bokaro district of Jharkhand state, India, during the pre-and post-monsoon seasons of the year 2014–2015. In the present study, groundwater samples were analysed for pH, TDS, TH, Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, F− and NO3− to evaluate the suitability of the groundwater for drinking purposes through geographic information system (GIS)-based water quality index (WQI) model. For quality assessment, values of analysed parameters of the groundwater samples were compared with the Bureau of Indian standards (BIS) and World Health Organization (WHO) water quality standards. The analytical results indicate slightly acidic to slightly alkaline nature of the groundwater in the study area. Concentrations of Ca2+, Mg2+, HCO3−, F−, NO3−, TDS and TH exceeded the desirable as well as permissible limits of drinking water quality standards recommended by the BIS (Indian Standard Drinking Water Specification, 2012) and WHO (Guidelines for drinking water quality: training pack, WHO, Geneva, 2004) in the study area during the pre- and post-monsoon seasons, respectively. However, Na+, K+, Cl− and SO42− concentrations were within the permissible limits during both seasons. The hydrochemical analysis of the studied groundwater samples documented with ternary and Durov diagram revealed that most of the groundwater samples belong to HCO3− type of anions facies and no dominant type of cation facies. The GIS-based WQI maps for the study area indicate that the poor quality of water was found the maximum in the pre-monsoon season as compared to the post-monsoon season in the study area, respectively. The high values of WQI in the several groundwater samples of the Bokaro district indicate that water is not suitable for direct consumptions and it required sustainable treatment before its utilization for drinking uses.

scholarly journals Drinking water quality in Brazilian urban slums

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Natasha Berendonk Handam ◽  
José Augusto Albuquerque dos Santos ◽  
Antonio Henrique Almeida de Moraes Neto ◽  
Maria De Fátima Leal Alencar ◽  
Caroline Ferraz Ignacio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Urban Slum ◽  
Drinking Water Quality ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Standard Methods ◽  
Water And Wastewater

   The study analyzed the quality of drinking water used in Brazilian urban slum residences according to the standards established in Brazilian regulations. Bacteriological (n=231) and physicochemical parameters (n=134) were analyzed, as the Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater establishes. The results revealed that contaminants in the water consumed, for the most part, exceed the limits of drinking water quality standards, putting the population's health at risk and reinforcing the urgency of the need for public policies.

scholarly journals Assessment of Quality of Groundwater in Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi Areas of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu, India

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 898-904
Author(s):  
D. Ilangeswaran ◽  
R. Kumar ◽  
D. Kannan
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Physicochemical Parameters ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Total Dissolved Solids ◽  
Water Quality Standards ◽  
Standard Procedures ◽  
Groundwater Samples

Various samples of groundwater were collected from different areas of Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi of Pudukkottai District, Tamilnadu and analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. The results of this analysis were compared with the water quality standards of ISI, WHO and CPHEEO. In this analysis the various physicochemical parameters such as pH, electrical conductivity, turbidity, total dissolved solids, Cl-, F-, SO42-, PO43-, NO3-, NO2-, CN-, Nas+, K+, NH3, Mn, Fe, Ca & Mg hardnessetc., were determined using standard procedures. The quality of groundwater samples were discussed with respect to these parameters and thus an attempt were made to ascertain the quality of groundwater used for drinking and cooking purposes in and around Kandarvakottai and Karambakudi areas.

scholarly journals Degradation of Bacterial Water Quality in Drinking Water after Bottling

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
Ali Shahryari ◽  
Charlotte D. Smith ◽  
Abolfazl Amini
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Heterotrophic Bacteria ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Bottled Water ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Storage Duration

Background: The consumption of bottled water globally, including Iran, has increased tremendously in recent years. This study was designed to assess the bacteriological quality of bottled water and its compliance with the drinking water regulations. In addition, we evaluated bottled waters for the presence of a variety of genera of bacteria and the effect of storage duration on the extent of bacterial contamination. Methods: Four hundred samples of bottled water belonging to ten different Iranian brands with various production dates were purchased from supermarkets in Gorgan, Iran, from 2017 to 2018. Bacterial quality of bottled water was assessed using heterotrophic plate count (HPC) followed by usual biochemical tests for identification of bacterial genera, and by the API system. Results: The average HPC of bottled water was 9974 colony-forming units per milliliter (CFU/ml). Twelve genera were isolated, among which Bacillus spp. and Escherichia coli were the most and least abundant, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was a positive association between water quality and storage duration so that the highest microbial load occurred within the first to third months after bottling. Furthermore, the highest rate of contamination was observed in May when ambient air temperatures commonly reached 40 °C. Conclusion: The bacterial quality of bottled water was not according to the standard of drinking water quality. This study demonstrated the variation in bacterial levels after bottling, which indicates the presence of waterborne heterotrophic bacteria, some of which can pose severe health risks to consumers.

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