scholarly journals Efficacy of Two Species of Coccinellid Predators Against Four Different Aphid Pest Species at Khumaltar, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-134
Author(s):  
B. Maharjan ◽  
R. B. Thapa ◽  
A. S.R. Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Aphid Species ◽  
Lipaphis Erysimi ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Beetle Species ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Agricultural Research Council

An experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) to study the efficacy and biology of two coccinellid species with four aphid species at the mass-rearing laboratory of Entomology Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council (NARC), Khumaltar from February to May 2016. Two coccinellid species, i.e. Coccinella septumpunctata Linn. and Adonia variegate (Goeze) were given four aphid species viz; Myzus persicae (Sulzer), Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), Aphis craccivora (Koch) and Brevicorynae brassicae Linn. separately to compare the efficacy of two beetle species as effective bio-control agent. Predatory activity of C. septumpunctata was the highest on L. erysimi(feeding 183 aphids) and the lowest on A. craccivora (feeding on 126 aphids), while, that of A. variegate (Goeze) was the highest on L. erysimi (feeding 155.4 aphids) and the lowest on B. brassicae (feeding 112 aphids) during their larval stages. Fourth instar individual larval weight of C. septumpunctata was recorded the highest (26.82 mg) when fed on A. craccivora and the lowest (13.9 mg) when fed on B. brassicae, while the 4th instar larval weight of A. variegate was only 12.82 mg and 11.34mg when fed on same aphid species. Pupal and adult weight was also recorded the highest for C. septumpunctata as compared to A. variegata. Similar result was obtained for weights of adult when larvae fed on A. craccivora. The weight of female was observed relatively higher than that of male from this study for both beetle species. There was a positive correlation between predation and weight gained by larvae with respect to all aphid species. From this study, it can be concluded that C. septumpunctata seems better promising species of predators of aphids, especially beneficial in biological control of aphid species.

An equation, suitable for computer use, based on the ARC feeding system to determine the energy requirements of growing and fattening cattle

1972 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Zulberti ◽  
J. T. Reid
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Energy Concentration ◽  
Feeding System ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Forward Calculation

SUMMARYBased on the Agricultural Research Council's feeding system, equations were developed that allow the calculation of the metabolizable energy requirements for maintenance and weight gain by cattle, separately or combined. A general equation was developed for the straight-forward calculation of the total metabolizable energy requirements of growing and fattening cattle for any combination of body weight, rate of weight gain, age, level of muscular work, and metabolizable energy concentration of the diet. The estimates of energy requirement made by the use of this equation are in excellent agreement with those made by the Agricultural Research Council using an iterative method.In addition to avoiding the awkward iterative process, the equations proposed are readily adaptable to computer use.

XIV.—Rowett Research Institute

1951 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-276
Author(s):  
D. P. Cuthbertson
Keyword(s):  
Royal Society ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Animal Nutrition ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
The North ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
The University

The Rowett Institute for research on animal nutrition had its origin under a scheme for promoting scientific research in agriculture adopted by the Development Commission in 1911.The Governing Body, which originally consisted of an equal number of members appointed by the Court of the University of Aberdeen and the Governors of the North of Scotland College of Agriculture, was constituted in 1913. Within recent years it has been expanded to include persons nominated by the Secretary of State for Scotland, the Royal Society, the Royal Society of Edinburgh, the Agricultural Research Council, and the Medical Research Council. Research work was begun in temporary accommodation in Marischal College in 1914, under the direction of Dr John Boyd Orr—now Lord Boyd-Orr—who continued as Director until his retirement in 1945.

The Mechanism of Cell Division in the Cleavage of the Newt's Egg

1955 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 700-733
Author(s):  
G. G. SELMAN ◽  
C. H. WADDINGTON
Keyword(s):  
Cell Division ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Elastic Shell ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Vital Staining ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
Gel Layer ◽  
Original Cell

The early cleavages in eggs of Triturus alpestris have been studied. Ciné-film technique was used to record changes in the shape of the egg and movements of the surface pigment from which measurements of linear and areal changes were made. Local vital staining was also employed. There was no significant net change in the area of pigmented cortex during cleavage. Before cleavage the egg resembles a viscous liquid drop whose shape is maintained by a uniform elastic shell of Young's Modulus 1.5 x 105 dynes/cm.2 and thickness about 2µ. The egg assumes a more nearly spherical shape immediately before cleavage when the flexural rigidity of the surface layers increases. The flexural rigidity of the cortical layers was found to be maximal at the beginning of cleavage and minimal midway between cleavages. This variation is similar to that previously recorded for cleavage in sea-urchin eggs by Mitchison & Swann (1955), using a similar method. At any particular stage with respect to the cleavage cycle no variation was found in the rigidity at different points on the egg surface. Serial sections show cytoplasmic modification below and ahead of the forming furrow. It was concluded that the new unpigmented cortex, by which the daughter blastomeres remain in contact after cleavage, is first formed as a sheet of gel (which in later stages can be seen to be a double layer) which grows downwards by a process involving gelation at its lower edge, through the cytoplasm from the animal toward the vegetal surface. The gel layer is assumed to contract immediately after its formation, and in this way to produce "dipping in" of the new furrow and all the observed surface movements. These ideas have been developed to form a detailed theory of cleavage in the newt, and suggest a common basis for the consideration of cell division in echinoderm eggs, plants and other forms, on the basis that the necessary increase in surface area is achieved by the formation of new cortex rather than by the expansion of the original cell membrane. The authors wish to thank Prof. M. M. Swann and Dr J. M. Mitchison, both of the Zoology department, Edinburgh University, for helpful discussion during the course of this work. The ciné films used in the course of this study were made by Mr E. Lucey of this department. Measurements of the rate of furrowing and much of the work using a local vital staining method was performed by Miss H. Yates of this department. Dr E. Deuchar, now at University College, London, prepared some of the earlier sectioned material, and we thank Dr M. Fischberg, Oxford University, for a suggestion concerning spindle fibres. The work received the financial support of the Agricultural Research Council.

scholarly journals Observations on the predatory potential of Lutzia fuscana on Aedes aegypti larvae: implications for biological control (Diptera: Culicidae)

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Soujita Pramanik ◽  
Sampa Banerjee ◽  
Soumyajit Banerjee ◽  
Goutam K. Saha ◽  
Gautam Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
The Body ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Augmentative Release ◽  
Predatory Potential

Among the natural predators, larval stages of the mosquito <em>Lutzia fuscana (</em>Wiedemann, 1820) (Diptera: Culicidae) bear potential as a biological control agent of mosquitoes. An estimation of the predatory potential of the larva of <em>L. fuscana</em> against the larva of the dengue vector <em>Aedes aegypti</em> (Linnaeus, 1762) (Diptera: Culicidae) was made to highlight its use in vector management. Laboratory experiments revealed that the larva of<em> L</em>. <em>fuscana</em> consumes 19 to 24 <em>A. aegypti</em> larvae per day, during its tenure as IV instar larva. The consumption of <em>A. aegypti</em> larvae was proportionate to the body length (BL) and body weight (BW) of the predatory larva<em> L. fuscana</em> as depicted through the logistic regressions: y = 1 / (1 + exp(-(-2.09 + 0.35*BL))) and y = 1 / (1 + exp(-(0.4+ 0.06*BW))). While the prey consumption remained comparable among the days, the net weight gained by the <em>L</em>. <em>fuscana</em> larva showed a decreasing trend with the age. On the basis of the results, it is apparent that the larva of the mosquito <em>L. fuscana</em> can be used in the regulation of the mosquito <em>A. aegypti</em> through augmentative release, particularly, in the smaller mosquito larval habitats.

scholarly journals Reviewer Acknowledgements for Vol. 5, No. 2, June 2017

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 204
Author(s):  
Richard Williams
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Ohio State University ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
State University ◽  
Clemson University ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
University Of Wisconsin ◽  
National University ◽  
The Ohio State University

Journal of Agricultural Studies would like to acknowledge the following reviewers for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Many authors, regardless of whether JAS publishes their work, appreciate the helpful feedback provided by the reviewers. Their comments and suggestions were of great help to the authors in improving the quality of their papers. Each of the reviewers listed below returned at least one review for this issueReviewers for Volume 5, Number 2 Abhishek A. Cukkemane, Bijasu Agri Research Laboratory LLP, IndiaAshit Kumar Paul, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, BangladeshChenlin Hu, The Ohio State University, USA,Eliana Mariela Werbin, National University of Cordoba, ArgentinianErnest Baafi, CSIR-Crops Research Institute, GhanaGerardo Ojeda , Universidad Nacional de Colombia, ColombiaGulzar Ahmad Nayik, SLIET Punjab, IndiaJiban Shrestha, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, NepalMing-Chi Wei, Department and Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, TaiwanReham Ibrahim Abo-Shnaf, Agricultural Research Center, EgyptSahar Bahmani, University of Wisconsin at Parkside, USASait Engindeniz, Ege University Faculty of Agriculture, TurkeySelmi Houc, University of Jandouba, TunisiaSoto Caro Ariel Reinaldo, Universidad de Concepción, ChileZakaria Fouad Abdallah, National Research Centre, EgyptZhao Chen, Clemson University, US Richard Williams,EditorJournal of Agricultural Studies-------------------------------------------Macrothink Institute5348 Vegas Dr.#825Las Vegas, Nevada 89108United StatesPhone: 1-702-953-1852 ext.521Fax: 1-702-420-2900Email: [email protected]: http://jas.macrothink.org

Changes in phosphorus metabolism of sheep in response to the increased demands for P associated with an intravenous infusion of calcium

1984 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. D. Braithwaite
Keyword(s):  
Intravenous Infusion ◽  
Calcium Metabolism ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Close Association ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Phosphorus Metabolism ◽  
Agricultural Research Council ◽  
P Absorption ◽  
P Retention

SummaryThe effect on phosphorus and calcium metabolism of a high rate of Ca infused directly into the blood of 10-month-old sheep, already receiving an adequate Ca and P intake, has been studied by a combination of balance and radioisotope techniques. Ca retention was significantly increased during the infusion and most of the extra Ca was retained in bone. Urinary Ca excretion also showed a small but significant increase and the efficiency of Ca absorption a small but significant decrease. Because of the close association of Ca and P in bone, the increased skeletal retention of Ca resulted in an increased skeletal P retention and hence an increased demand for P. This increased P demand was met partly by a decrease in the rate of endogenous faecal loss of P and partly by an increase in the rate and efficiency of P absorption. Because the increase in P demand was relatively small, it was not possible to decide whether the endogenous faecal loss of P can be reduced in response to increased demands to the level found at zero P intake as suggested by the Agricultural Research Council (1980) or whether higher losses at normal P intakes are inevitable.

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