scholarly journals Morphometric Study of Pterion in Dry Human Skull at Medical College of Eastern Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 214-219
Author(s):  
Umesh Kumar Mehta ◽  
Arun Dhakal ◽  
Surya Bahadur Parajuli ◽  
Sanjib Kumar Sah
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Surgical Approaches ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Lateral Aspect ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right

Background: The pterion is defined as an H shaped sutural confluence present on the lateral side of the skull. This pterion junction has been used as a common extra-cranial landmark for surgeons in microsurgical and surgical approaches towards important pathologies of this region. Methods:This is ananalytical cross sectional study conducted at Department of Anatomy, Birat Medical College & Teaching Hospital, Tankisinuwari, Morang, Nepal. Total enumeration technique was used to collect samples where 31 dry human skulls of unknown age and sex were taken. The sutural pattern and location of the pterion was determined and measured on both sides of each skull using digitalvernier caliper. Results: Three types of sutural patterns of pterion were observed. Among them, Sphenoparietal type was higher in frequency.The frequency was 26 (83.8%) on the right side and 24 (77.4%) on the left side. The distance between the centre of pterion to the midpoint of upper border of zygomatic arch was 3.82±0.3 cm on the right side and 3.8±0.29 cm on the left side. The distance between the centre of pterion to the postero-lateral aspect of fronto-zygomatic suture was 3.02±0.23 cmon the right side and 3.0±0.23 cm on the left side. Conclusions: The information of thesutural pattern and the location of the pterion from the different bony landmarks of our study may be useful for anthropologists and neurosurgeons.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge regarding Nipah virus infection among physicians in a selected tertiary hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5771
Author(s):  
Shajeda Azizi ◽  
Khursheda Akhtar ◽  
Shahidullah Azizi ◽  
M. Kariul Islam ◽  
Sajidul Huq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Right

Background: Human Nipah virus (NiV) infection is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the NiV resulting in severe illness in humans. The physicians can represent a lead role in disease prevention if they have the right knowledge regarding disease. This study aimed to state the assessment of knowledge regarding NiV infection among physicians in a selected tertiary hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 211 physicians in Rangpur Medical College and Hospital by pretested structured questionnaire, from January 2020 to December 2020, using a convenient sampling method. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews.Results: The majority of the respondents (69%) were within the 21 to 25 years of age group, mean age was 25±2.9 years where 54% of respondents were female. A questionnaire was comprised of 87 questions regarding knowledge on NiV infection. The findings revealed that 19% had good knowledge, 50% had fair and about 31% had poor level of knowledge regarding NiV infection. Among the respondents, 83% mentioned lack of awareness as a barrier regarding the prevention of NiV infection. Inferential statistics were done at a 95% confidence interval and 5% level of significance. Those who were aged between 21 to 25 years had significantly good knowledge than those who were more than 26 years of age (p=0.002).Conclusions: This study concludes that knowledge of the physicians on NiV infection was at a fair or average level. There is a dire need for the routine integration of the awareness and safety precaution practice among the physicians.

scholarly journals Pattern of superficial venous arrangement in cubital fossa among preclinical Nepalese MBBS students at Birat Medical College Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 152-156
Author(s):  
Sanjib Kumar Sah ◽  
Sidarth Timsinha ◽  
Raju Kumar Chaudhary ◽  
Rajesh Kumar Shah ◽  
Umesh Kumar Mehta
Keyword(s):  
College Teaching ◽  
Venous Access ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Reconstructive Microsurgery ◽  
Cubital Fossa ◽  
The Right

Background: The superficial veins of the cubital fossa are frequently variable in existence and arrangement. Many clinical procedures, such as reconstructive microsurgery and arterial bypass surgery, as well as intravenous injections or therapy, require the use of superficial veins. Aims and Objective: The aim of the study was to observe and describe the variations in anatomical distribution of the superficial veins of the cubital fossa in Nepalese pre-clinical medical students. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study included a total of 98 students between 18 to 24 years of age. A total of 196 anterior aspects of both arms were examined for cubital venous pattern. A tourniquet was applied at the mid-arm and drawing of the pattern of veins was made on a separate unglazed paper. The venous patterns in the cubital fossa were then categorized based on their gender. Results: Six patterns of superficial veins of the cubital fossa were observed. The commonest pattern in both genders was type I pattern. No statistical significant difference was observed between patterns of superficial veins on the right and left cubital fossa (P = 0.728 and 0.825 respectively) in both male and female subjects. Conclusion: Our research showed six venous patterns of superficial veins at the cubital fossa in Nepalese population. Understanding the common anatomy, patterns and variations of superficial vein anastomosis is imperative as this knowledge would help those needing venous access for various medical procedures.

scholarly journals Delay for pentavalent vaccine: a hospital based cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 5337
Author(s):  
Smita Andurkar ◽  
Pallavi Hiralal Pagdal ◽  
Mohan Kondiba Doibole
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Card ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Immunization Programme ◽  
Pentavalent Vaccine ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Right

Background: Young children are often at increased risk for illness and death related to infectious diseases, and vaccine delays may leave them vulnerable at ages with a high risk of contracting several vaccine-preventable diseases This study examined delay for each pentavalent vaccine in the universal immunization programme and the factors that influence untimely vaccinations.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study done on 45 days to-12 months aged children attending the immunisation clinic held at government medical college and hospital Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Data was collected from the records on health card as well from mother with the help of pretested pre-structured questionnaire for predictors of delay.Results: Total 411 children aging 45 days to 12 months were enrolled in the study. For pentavalent 1 vaccine, 83.69% received vaccine without delay and 16.31% were delayed. 43.53% were delayed for pentavalent 2 vaccine, 224 children received pentavalent 3 vaccine, out of them 80.35% received within time whereas 19.65% were delayed. We found birth order, parent’s education, working status of mother, mother’s age below 18; parity had statistically significant association with delay. Unawareness about the right timings of vaccination and immunization schedules held at periphery, parents delaying vaccine for minor sickness of baby, were the main reasons observed for delay.Conclusions: A total 83.69% children received vaccine within the recommended time. Still 16.31% children experience delay for the vaccination. Reasons for delay observed can be overcome by appropriate counselling of mother by health care workers at the first time of vaccination which will improve the adherence and avoid delay in future to immunisation schedule. 

scholarly journals Visual Field Changes in Normal Tension Glaucoma (NTG)

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2266-2267
Author(s):  
Ossama Ali Khan ◽  
Sajjad Mohammad ◽  
Imran Khan ◽  
Muhammad Faiq Nisar ◽  
Amir Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Visual Fields ◽  
Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Paracentral Scotoma ◽  
The Right

Aim: To observe the visual field changes in normal tension glaucoma Study design: Cross sectional study Study site: Department of Physiology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar Study period: six months Sample size: 100 cases were included who fulfil the criteria. Results: There were 33(33%) males and 67(67%) females in the study. Visual fields of eyes were investigated. It was revealed that in cases with the right eye problem, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 27(27%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1(1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 5(5%) had arcuate scotoma, while in the left eye cases, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 30 (30%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1(1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 2(2%) had arcuate scotoma. Conclusion: Visual fields of eyes revealed that in cases with the right eye problem, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 27(27%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1(1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 5(5%) had arcuate scotoma, while in the left eye cases, 67(67%) had paracentral scotoma, 30(30%) had superior & inferior nasal steps, 1 (1%) had scotoma closer to fixation and 2(2%) had arcuate scotoma. Keywords: Visual field, open angle glaucoma, normal tension glaucoma

scholarly journals Weight of the Human Kidney – A Study on 70 Autopsy Cases

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-34
Author(s):  
Fatema Zohora ◽  
Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽  
Dilruba Siddiqua ◽  
Hasna Hena ◽  
Hosna Ara Perven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Human Kidney ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bangladeshi Population ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Right

Background: Variations in weight of the kidney in different populations and in different age groups are evident.Objective: The aim of the present study was to find out age related changes in weight of the kidney in a Bangladeshi population and compare with previous local and foreign studies.Materials and method: This cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2008 to June 2009, based on collection of 140 post mortem human kidneys collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies which were in the morgue under examination in the Department of Forensic Medicine of same institute. All the samples were divided into three different age groups - A (10-19 years), B (20-39 years) and C (40-59 years), and the weight of each kidney was measured by using a digital balance and recorded.Results: The weight of the right and left kidneys were found 86.18±0.32 gm and 86.10±0.10 gm in group A, 102.25±7.64 gm and 101.96±7.27 gm in group B, 95.59±0.75 gm and 95.19±1.24 gm in group C respectively. No difference was found between the right and left kidneys in any group. However, statistically significant differences were evident among age groups.Conclusion: The weight of the kidney was found to increase up to 4th decade of life and then declined with further advancing age.Delta Med Col J. Jan 2016 4(1): 31-34

scholarly journals Study of Hartmann’s Pouch of the Gallbladder

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
Laila Farzana Khan ◽  
Humaira Naushaba ◽  
Jahanara Begum ◽  
Md Shahjahan Chowdhury ◽  
Jubaida Gulshan Ara
Keyword(s):  
Gall Bladder ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Common Site ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Normal Gallbladder ◽  
Right Lobe ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Good Proportion

Background: The gall bladder is a hollow pear shaped sac lying within a fossa on the visceral surface of the right lobe of the liver. In the junction of neck of the gallbladder and the cystic duct, there is a pouch present called Hartman’s pouch or infundibulum of the gallbladder which is a frequent but inconstant feature of the normal gallbladder. It is the common site of lodged gallstones. Objective: To determine the proportion of presence of Hartman’s pouch in our population so that the concerned personnel might have a thought in mind that common pathologies of gall bladder may also involve this pouch. Materials and method: This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Anatomy, Sir Salimullah Medical College & Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, from July 2010 to June 2011. The number of sample was 62 postmortem human gallbladders which were collected from unclaimed dead bodies. Results: Hartmann’s pouch of the gallbladder was found in 45 (72.58%). Conclusion: Hartman’s pouch is present in a good proportion of our population. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v2i2.20527 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2014; 2(2): 68-70

scholarly journals Morphological and Morphometric Study of Pterion in Adult Dry Human Skulls

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Ananya Priya ◽  
Anjali Jain
Keyword(s):  
Middle Meningeal Artery ◽  
Zygomatic Arch ◽  
Mastoid Process ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Anterior Branch ◽  
Bony Landmarks ◽  
Human Skulls ◽  
The Right ◽  
Superior Margin

Introduction: Pterion is significant bony landmark because it commonly lies near the anterior branch of middle meningeal artery as well as Broca’s Area. The aim is to study the types of pterion and measure the distance from various bony landmarks on skull to the midpoint of pterion. Subjects and Methods: This study was performed on 70 adult dry human skulls of unknown age and sex. Types and location of pterion was observed bilaterally. Measurements were taken in millimeter using digital Vernier caliper from midpoint of pterion to i) fronto-zygomatic suture ii) middle of zygomatic arch iii) tip of mastoid process iv) glabella v) antero-superior margin of external acoustic meatus vi) Asterion. Results: We observed five types of pterion: spheno-parietal, fronto-temporal, stellate, epipteric and atypical. Among the skulls studied the most common type was sphenoparietal bilaterally. The mean of distances from midpoint of pterion to fronto-zygomatic suture was, 31.68   5.58 mm and 31.18 5.82 mm; to the middle of zygomatic arch was 38.87 3.63 mm and 37.84  3.99 mm; to asterion was 83.55  7.22 mm and 85.53  6.88 mm; to external acoustic meatus it was 51.70 3.20 mm and 51.37 3.39mm; to glabella it was 77.24 6.93 mm and 76.44 6.83 mm; to tip of mastoid process it was 80.77 6.10mm on the right side and 79.59 5.70 mm on the left side. Conclusion: Pterion is the most commonly used surface landmark. Findings of present study regarding classification of pterion will be helpful for neurosurgeons, radiologists, anthropologists and forensic pathologists.

scholarly journals Concept learning through question framing in Pharmacology

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Syam Sreedharan ◽  
Hyma Vijayalekshmi ◽  
Dhanya S. Palappallil
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Hierarchical Classification ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Factual Knowledge ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Right ◽  
Short Answer Questions

Background: Framing questions is a skill that requires expertise, knowledge, guidance and mentoring. It provides structure for deep learning, critical thinking and also promotes interaction and communication. Objective of this study is to analyze the question framing skills of fifth semester medical students on a ‘must know’ area in Pharmacology.Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in the Department of Pharmacology of a Government Medical College in Central Kerala. After briefing about the study, each of the participants was instructed to frame a question which were collected after 15 minutes. The data on different aspects of questions was analysed by Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 16.Results: Total 130 students, 79 females and 51 males participated in this study. 7 questions were incomplete and excluded from further analysis. From the rest 123 properly framed questions, 106(86.2%) were correct, 10(8.1%) were partially correct and 7(5.7%) incorrect with regards to the task assigned. In this study knowledge as well as application was tested in 50.4% questions, comprehension in 21.1% and application alone in 22.8%. The knowledge dimension tested was factual in 91(74%) and conceptual in 32(26%). Non-hierarchical classification showed 96(78%) convergent and 27(22%) divergent.Conclusions: In this study majority of the participants framed direct short answer questions which reflects factual knowledge indicating their lower-level cognition. Critical thinking and procurement of higher level cognition can be attained by directing them to frame the right question especially in medical education.

scholarly journals Attitudes of Medical and Health Sciences Students towards Abortion in Jordan

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Rami Saadeh ◽  
Mahmoud Alfaqih ◽  
Asma Odat ◽  
Mohammed Z. Allouh
Keyword(s):  
Medical Curriculum ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Abortion ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Health Sciences Students ◽  
The Right

Background. Jordan laws on permitting abortion are considered moderate. Religion is one of the key determinants of people’s attitudes towards abortion and plays a crucial role in people’s readiness to accept or refute this practice. In this study, we examined the attitudes of medical and health sciences students towards abortion. Methods. In this cross-sectional study, a self-administered questionnaire survey was distributed to students at Jordan University of Science and Technology. Attitudes towards abortion were tested using 16 items that were included in the survey. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression models were used in the analysis. Results. A total of 1324 students in the medicine and dentistry colleges participated in the study. Two-thirds of the participants were women. Most participants were 20–25 years old, and they grew up in a family of 6–8 members. The overall attitude towards abortion was negative, except if the pregnancy was a threat to the mother’s life (91.5%) or if the conception occurred from rape (54.2%). Otherwise, the students indicated that every conceived child has the right to be born (76.8%) and that abortion is considered murder (53.1%). Furthermore, the students who were more likely to support abortion were those attending the medical college, living in a city, and/or raised in smaller families ( p = 0.04 ). Conclusions. Compared with other students, medical students were more supportive of abortion. This implied the necessity to include training on safe abortion in the medical curriculum and increase public awareness of the importance of safe abortion.

scholarly journals A MORPHOMETRIC STUDY ON HUMAN CADAVERIC PANCREAS IN ASSAMESE POPULATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Baro Baneswar ◽  
Sarma Usha ◽  
Talukdar KL ◽  
Dutta BC ◽  
Sarma Tapan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correct Diagnosis ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Human Pancreas ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
C 30

The seriousness of pancreatic diseases and the utmost importance of its correct diagnosis and treatment are expected to be helpful in correlating the functional capacity for further study in basic science and in decision making in clinical settings especially in transplant surgery of pancreas. Knowledge of normal morphometry of pancreas in living subjects is essential for understanding the segmental resection of pancreas as well as pancreatic imaging. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Forensic Medicine & Pathology of Gauhati Medical College, Guwahati from May, 2016 to December 2019 on 103 specimens of human pancreas from 13 to 78 years age of both sexes. The collected samples were divided into seven age groups: A (10-19 years), B (20-29 years), C (30-39 years), D (40-49 years), E (50-59 years), F (60-69 years) and G (≥70 years), for convenient description. The differences between length of pancreas were statistically significant in A vs C, A vs D, A vs E, A vs F, A vs G, B vs C, B vs D, B vs E, B vs F and B vs G. The differences between weight of pancreas were statistically significant in A vs F, B vs C, B vs G, C vs D, C vs F, D vs F, E vs F, E vs G and F vs G. The present study is expected to standardize the morphology of pancreas in Assamese population.

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