scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Zirconia (ZrO2) Nanoparticles using Curcuma Longa Extract and Investigation of Compressive Strength of Epoxy resin (EP)/ZrO2 Nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50
Author(s):  
Manish Bishwokarma ◽  
Arun Bhujel ◽  
Manish Baskota ◽  
Rajesh Pandit
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Zro2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Spectra Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polymorphic Materials

Zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles are polymorphic materials having a wide range of applications. It can be synthesized via green as well as chemical synthesis methods. In this work, ZrO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by the green method using Curcuma longa extract. Curcuma longa extract was prepared using the standard method. The synthesized ZrO2 was characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy for their structural and size analysis. The analysis of the XRD pattern of ZrO2 showed the tetragonal phase structure and the size was calculated using the Debye Scherrer equation which was about 34.55 nm. The FTIR spectra analysis showed a broad absorption peak particularly at about 774 cm-1 and about 499 cm-1 correspondings to Zr-O2-Zr asymmetric and Zr-O stretching modes, respectively. The characterized ZrO2 nanoparticles were used for the preparation of epoxy resin/ZrO2 nanocomposites. The compressive strength of pure epoxy resin and epoxy resin/ZrO2 nanocomposites were measured by a compressive strength tester and the result indicates the high amount of zirconia was not suitable for the nanocomposites.

ZYMAXX

Alloy Digest ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Creep Resistance ◽  
Chemical Processing ◽  
Industrial Equipment ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Adverse Conditions ◽  
Chemical Inertness ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract ZYMAXX provides outstanding compressive creep resistance, toughness and chemical inertness at high temperatures and pressures and under adverse conditions. They have a wide range of uses beyond chemical processing, including aerospace and automotive applications, general industrial equipment, home appliances, farm and construction equipment. This datasheet provides information on physical properties, hardness, tensile properties, and compressive strength as well as fracture toughness and creep. It also includes information on corrosion resistance. Filing Code: Cp-18. Producer or source: E. I. Dupont de Nemours & Company Inc..

Development and Evaluation of Sustained Release Lipid Nanocarriers for Curcumin

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 224-235
Author(s):  
Harshal A. Pawar ◽  
Bhagyashree D. Bhangale
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Sustained Release ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Elimination Rate ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Physicochemical Stability ◽  
Wide Range

Background: Lipid based excipients have increased acceptance nowadays in the development of novel drug delivery systems in order to improve their pharmacokinetic profiles. Drugs encapsulated in lipids have enhanced stability due to the protection they experience in the lipid core of these nano-formulations. Phytosomes are newly discovered drug delivery systems and novel botanical formulation to produce lipophilic molecular complex which imparts stability, increases absorption and bioavailability of phytoconstituent. Curcumin, obtained from turmeric (Curcuma longa), has a wide range of biological activities. The poor solubility and wettability of curcumin are responsible for poor dissolution and this, in turn, results in poor bioavailability. To overcome these limitations, the curcumin-loaded nano phytosomes were developed to improve its physicochemical stability and bioavailability. Objective: The objective of the present research work was to develop nano-phytosomes of curcumin to improve its physicochemical stability and bioavailability. Methods: Curcumin-loaded nano phytosomes were prepared by using phospholipid Phospholipon 90 H using a modified solvent evaporation method. The developed curcumin nano phytosomes were evaluated by particle size analyzer and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Results: Results indicated that phytosomes prepared using curcumin and lipid in the ratio of 1:2 show good entrapment efficiency. The obtained curcumin phytosomes were spherical in shape with a size less than 100 nm. The prepared nano phytosomal formulation of curcumin showed promising potential as an antioxidant. Conclusion: The phytosomal complex showed sustained release of curcumin from vesicles. The sustained release of curcumin from phytosome may improve its absorption and lowers the elimination rate with an increase in bioavailability.

Effects of hygrothermal and thermal-oxidative ageing on the open-hole properties of T800/high-temperature epoxy resin composites with different hole shapes

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 306-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liang Xu ◽  
Yi He ◽  
Shaohua Ma ◽  
Li Hui
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Resin Composites ◽  
Physical Ageing ◽  
Hygrothermal Ageing ◽  
Open Hole ◽  
Epoxy Resin Composites ◽  
Oxidative Ageing

T800/high-temperature epoxy resin composites with different hole shapes were subjected to hygrothermal ageing and thermal-oxidative ageing, and the effects of these different ageing methods on the open-hole properties of the composites were investigated, including analyses of the mass changes, surface topography changes (before and after ageing), fracture morphologies, open-hole compressive performance, dynamic mechanical properties and infrared spectrum. The results showed that only physical ageing occurred under hygrothermal ageing (70°C and 85% relative humidity), and the equilibrium moisture absorption rate was only approximately 0.72%. In contrast, under thermal-oxidative ageing at 190°C, both physical ageing and chemical ageing occurred. After ageing, the open-hole compressive strength of the composite laminates with different hole shapes decreased significantly, but the open-hole compressive strength after thermal-oxidative ageing was greater than that after hygrothermal ageing. Among the aged and unaged laminates, the laminates with round holes exhibited the largest open-hole compressive strength, followed by those with the elliptical holes, square holes and diamond holes. The failure modes of the laminates were all through-hole failures. The unaged samples had a glass transition temperature ( T g) of 226°C, whereas the T g of the samples after hygrothermal ageing was 208°C, which is 18°C less than that of the unaged samples, and the T g of the samples after thermal-oxidative ageing was 253°C, which is 27°C greater than that of the unaged samples.

scholarly journals Stormwater Runoff Treatment Using Pervious Concrete Modified with Various Nanomaterials: A Comprehensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8552
Author(s):  
Vahid Alimohammadi ◽  
Mehdi Maghfouri ◽  
Delaram Nourmohammadi ◽  
Pejman Azarsa ◽  
Rishi Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Stormwater Runoff ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Stormwater Treatment ◽  
Adsorption Mechanisms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Adsorption Processes

Clean water is a vital need for all living creatures during their lifespan. However, contaminated stormwater is a major issue around the globe. A wide range of contaminants, including heavy metals, organic and inorganic impurities, has been discovered in stormwater. Some commonly utilized methods, such as biological, physical and chemical procedures, have been considered to overcome these issues. However, these current approaches result in moderate to low contaminant removal efficiencies for certain classes of contaminants. Of late, filtration and adsorption processes have become more featured in permeable concretes (PCs) for the treatment of stormwater. As nanoparticles have vast potential and unique characterizations, such as a higher surface area to cure polluted stormwater, employing them to improve permeable concretes’ capabilities in stormwater treatment systems is an effective way to increase filtration and adsorption mechanisms. The present study reviews the removal rate of different stormwater contaminants such as heavy metals, organic and other pollutants using nanoparticle-improved PC. The application of different kinds of nanomaterials in PC as porous media to investigate their influences on the properties of PC, including the permeability rate, compressive strength, adsorption capacity and mix design of such concrete, was also studied. The findings of this review show that different types of nanomaterials improve the removal efficiency, compressive strength and adsorption capacity and decrease the infiltration rate of PC during the stormwater treatment process. With regard to the lack of comprehensive investigation concerning the use of nanomaterials in PC to treat polluted stormwater runoff, this study reviews 242 published articles on the removal rate of different stormwater contaminants by using PC improved with nanoparticles.

Enhancement of the Compressive Strength of Kevlar-29/Epoxy Resin Unidirectional Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
James D'Aloia ◽  
James A. Newell ◽  
Christopher Del Vecchio ◽  
Christopher Hill ◽  
David Santino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Unidirectional Composites

INVESTIGATING THE INFLUENCE OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONING ON EPOXY RESINS AT QUASISTATIC AND HIGH STRAIN RATES FOR MATERIAL OPERATING LIMIT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAGAR M. DOSHI, SAGAR M. DOSHI, ◽  
NITHINKUMAR MANOHARAN ◽  
BAZLE Z. (GAMA) HAQUE, ◽  
JOSEPH DEITZEL ◽  
JOHN W. GILLESPIE, JR.
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Yield Stress ◽  
High Strain ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Strain Rates ◽  
High Strain Rates ◽  
Stress Strain ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Environmental Aging

Epoxy resin-based composite panels used for armors may be subjected to a wide range of operating temperatures (-55°C to 76°C) and high strain rates on the order of 103-104 s-1. Over the life cycle, various environmental factors also affect the resin properties and hence influence the performance of the composites. Therefore, it is critical to determine the stress-strain behavior of the epoxy resin over a wide range of strain rates and temperatures for accurate multi-scale modeling of composites and to investigate the influence of environmental aging on the resin properties. Additionally, the characterization of key mechanical properties such as yield stress, modulus, and energy absorption (i.e. area under the stress-strain curve) at varying temperatures and moisture can provide critical data to calculate the material operating limits. In this study, we characterize mechanical properties of neat epoxy resin, SC-15 (currently used in structural armor) and RDL-RDC using uniaxial compression testing. RDL-RDC, developed by Huntsman Corporation, has a glass transition temperature of ~ 120°C, compared to ~ 85°C of SC-15. A split Hopkinson pressure bar is used for high strain rate testing. Quasistatic testing is conducted using a screw-driven testing machine (Instron 4484) at 10-3 s-1 and 10-1 s-1 strain rates and varying temperatures. The yield stress is fit to a modified Eyring model over the varying strain rates at room temperature. For rapid investigation of resistance to environmental aging, accelerated aging tests are conducted by immersing the specimens in 100°C water for 48 hours. Specimens are conditioned in an environmental chamber at 76 °C and 88% RH until they reach equilibrium. Tests are then conducted at five different temperatures from 0°C to 95°C, and key mechanical properties are then plotted vs. temperature. The results presented are an important step towards developing a methodology to identify environmental operating conditions for composite ground vehicle applications.

Elaboration and Characterization of Cu Based Nanocomposites for Electromagnetic Interferences Shielding

2021 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 177-184
Author(s):  
Farid Kara ◽  
Fadhéla Otmane ◽  
Samir Bellal ◽  
Amira Djenet Guerfi ◽  
S. Triaa
Keyword(s):  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Emi Shielding ◽  
Emi Shielding Effectiveness ◽  
Cell Measurement ◽  
Wave Guides ◽  
Pure Cu ◽  
Thin Samples

An electromagnetic interferences (EMI) shielding is a material that attenuates radiated electromagnetic energy. Polymer nanocomposites is a class of materials that combine electrical, thermal, dielectric, magnetic and/ or mechanical properties, which are useful for the suppression of electromagnetic interferences. In this work, we looked over the effectiveness of the electromagnetic interferences shielding of polymer-based nanocomposites. These are thin samples of epoxy resin strengthened with nanostructured Cu powders. Nanostructured Cu powders were obtained by mechanical milling using the high-energy RETSCH PM400 ball mill (200 rpm). A powder sampling was conducted after 3h, 6h, 12h, 24h, 33h, 46h and 58h milling for characterization requirements. XRD analysis via the Williamson-Hall method shows that the mean crystallites size decreases from 151.6 nm (pure Cu phase) to 13.8 nm (58 h milling). Simultaneously, the lattice strain increases from 0.1% (pure Cu phase) to 0.59% (58 h milling). The elaboration of thin samples was performed by mixing a vol./3 fractions of nanostructured Cu powder, epoxy resin and hardener. Thin slabs of 1 mm thickness were moulded for use in a rectangular wave-guide. The EMI shielding experimental involved a two ports S parameters cell measurement made of R120 metallic wave-guides of rectangular section (19.05x9.525 mm2) and operational over the frequency band of 9.84 to 15 GHz associated to a network analyser. Obtained results show moderate EMI shielding effectiveness for the milled Cu-based slabs.

Solid State Materials Chemistry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick M. Woodward ◽  
Pavel Karen ◽  
John S. O. Evans ◽  
Thomas Vogt
Keyword(s):  
Materials Science ◽  
Specific Property ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Materials Chemistry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Hands On ◽  
Hands On Learning ◽  
Extended Solids ◽  
Core Concepts

This comprehensive textbook provides a modern, self-contained treatment for upper undergraduate and graduate level students. It emphasizes the links between structure, defects, bonding, and properties throughout, and provides an integrated treatment of a wide range of materials, including crystalline, amorphous, organic and nano- materials. Boxes on synthesis methods, characterization tools, and technological applications distil specific examples and support student understanding of materials and their design. The first six chapters cover the fundamentals of extended solids, while later chapters explore a specific property or class of material, building a coherent framework for students to master core concepts with confidence, and for instructors to easily tailor the coverage to fit their own single semester course. With mathematical details given only where they strengthen understanding, 400 original figures and over 330 problems for hands-on learning, this accessible textbook is ideal for courses in chemistry and materials science.

Influence of Sample Thickness and Capping on Characterization of Bedding Mortars from Historic Masonries by Double Punch Test (DPT)

2014 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 322-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrico Sassoni ◽  
Elisa Franzoni ◽  
Claudio Mazzotti
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
Sample Thickness ◽  
Mortar Sample ◽  
Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Punch Test ◽  
Natural Hydraulic Lime ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Surface Capping

For determination of compressive strength of bedding mortar used in historic masonries, a promising moderately-destructive technique is double punch test (DPT). DPT consists of loading prismatic samples of mortar (about 4×4×1 cm3) by means of two circular steel platens (typically 2 cm diameter) and then calculating mortar compressive strength as the ratio of the failure load to the cross section of the circular platens. In this study, the influence of mortar sample thickness and mortar sample capping on the reliability of results obtained by DPT was systematically investigated. The influence of sample thickness was assessed by comparing DPT results obtained for samples with 5, 10, 15 and 20 mm thickness with compressive strength determined by testing reference 4 cm-side cubes. Different mortars were considered (cement, lime-cement, natural hydraulic lime), in order to investigate a wide range of mortar mechanical characteristics. The influence of surface capping was evaluated on a lime-cement mortar by comparing compressive strength determined on reference cubes with strength obtained by DPT on proper samples, without capping and after capping with rubber, gypsum and cement. The results of the study indicate that sample thickness substantially influences mortar compressive strength determined by DPT, which may vary by up to three times depending on sample thickness. A good estimation of the actual mortar compressive strength was obtained when samples with thickness similar to the loading platens diameter were tested, which suggests that choosing the size of the loading platens for DPT based on the thickness of mortar joints under investigation may be an effective way for obtaining reliable estimations. As for the influence of surface capping, in those cases where no mortar sample regularization is possible, because of the poor quality of the mortar, the results of the study indicate that sample capping actually seems necessary in order to avoid significant underestimations of mortar compressive strength. Considering the higher practicality offered by gypsum with respect to rapid-setting cement for surface capping, the use of gypsum seems preferable.

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