scholarly journals A Study of Early Neonatal Deaths at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital

1970 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
M Shrestha ◽  
BL Bajracharya ◽  
DS Manandhar
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Early Neonatal Deaths

Over 9 million deaths occur each year in the perinatal and neonatal periods globally. 98% of these deaths take place in the developing world. Nepal has a high neonatal mortality rate (NMR) of 38.6 per 1000 live births (2001). Two thirds of the newborn deaths usually occur in the first week of life (early neonatal death). Newborn survival has become an important issue to improve the overall health status and for achieving the millennium developmental goals of a developing country like Nepal. Aims and Objectives: This study was carried out to determine the causes of early neonatal deaths (ENND) at KMCTH in the two-year period from November 2003 to October2005 (Kartik 2060 B.S. to Ashoj 2062). Methodology: This is a prospective study of all the early neonatal deaths in KMCTH during the two-year study period. Details of each early neonatal death were filled in the standard perinatal death audit forms of the Department. Results: Out of the 1517 total births in the two-year period, there were 10 early neonatal deaths (ENND). Early neonatal death rate during the study period was 6.7 per 1000 live births and early neonatal death rate (excluding less than 1 kg) was 6.1 per 1000 live births The important causes of early neonatal deaths were extreme prematurity, birth asphyxia, congenital anomalies and septicaemia. During the study period, there was no survival of babies with a birth weight of less than 1 kg. Among the maternal characteristics, 80% of the mothers of early neonatal deaths were aged between 20-35 years. 50% of the mothers were primigravida. 50% of the mothers of ENNDs had delivered their babies by caesarean section.Discussion: Most of the early neonatal deaths were due to extreme prematurity. Birth asphyxia was the second most important cause of early neonatal deaths. 70% of ENNDs were among LBW babies. Prevention of premature delivery, proper management of very low birth weight babies and early detection and appropriate management of perinatal hypoxia have become important interventional strategies in reducing early neonatal deaths in KMCTH.Conclusion: Early neonatal mortality at KMCTH is fairly low. Good care during pregnancy, labour and after the birth of the baby has helped to achieve these results. Low cost locally made equipments were used to manage the sick newborns. Reduction of early neonatal deaths require more intensive care including use of ventilators, surfactant and parenteral nutrition and prevention of preterm births Key words: Early neonatal death (ENND), neonatal mortality   doi:10.3126/jnps.v27i2.1584 J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. Vol 27(2), p.79-82

scholarly journals A study of early neonatal mortality in a tertiary hospital of Maharashtra, India

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1869
Author(s):  
Nitin Mehkarkar ◽  
Vijay Baburao Sonawane
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Early Neonatal Deaths

Background: India has a high Neonatal Mortality Rate (NMR) of 31 per 1000 live births and rural being 34 whereas urban being 17 (2011). Two thirds of the newborn deaths usually occur in the first week of life. Newborn survival has become an important issue to improve the overall health care goals. This study is carried out to identify primary causes of early neonatal deaths and to ascertain the factors affecting early neonatal mortality.Methods: This is a prospective study of all the early neonatal deaths in tertiary hospital of Maharashtra over two years. Details of each early neonatal death were filled in the standard perinatal death proforma.Results: Out of the 2073 total births, there were 75 early neonatal deaths (END) which is nearly 36.18 per 1000 live births. The important causes of END were severe birth asphyxia, respiratory distress syndrome and septicemia. About 50% of deaths were observed in mothers with age < 20 years, 25% deaths observed in mothers of age group 20-29 years, and similar percentage is with age >30 years. Most of the early neonatal deaths were due to Birth asphyxia and RDS was the second most important cause of early neonatal deaths. 70% of ENDs were among LBW babies. Prevention of premature delivery, proper management of very low birth weight babies and early detection and appropriate management of perinatal hypoxia have become important interventional strategies in reducing early neonatal deaths.Conclusions: Early Neonatal Mortality (ENM) at Tertiary Hospital is fairly high. In present study, early neonatal death rate of 36.18 per 1000 live births is observed which significantly higher than reported in literature.

scholarly journals Geospatial analysis of determinants of neonatal mortality in Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Duah Dwomoh
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Multiple Births ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Ghana did not meet the Millennium Development Goal 4 of reducing child mortality by two-thirds and may not meet SDG (2030). There is a need to direct scarce resources to mitigate the impact of the most important risk factors influencing high neonatal deaths. This study applied both spatial and non-spatial regression models to explore the differential impact of environmental, maternal, and child associated risk factors on neonatal deaths in Ghana. Methods The study relied on data from the Ghana Demographic and Health Surveys (GDHS) and the Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS) conducted between 1998 and 2017 among 49,908 women of reproductive age and 31,367 children under five (GDHS-1998 = 3298, GDHS-2003 = 3844, GDHS-2008 = 2992, GDHS-2014 = 5884, GMHS-2017 = 15,349). Spatial Autoregressive Models that account for spatial autocorrelation in the data at the cluster-level and non-spatial statistical models with appropriate sampling weight adjustment were used to study factors associated with neonatal deaths, and a p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results Population density, multiple births, smaller household sizes, high parity, and low birth weight significantly increased the risk of neonatal deaths over the years. Among mothers who had multiple births, the risk of having neonatal deaths was approximately four times as high as the risk of neonatal deaths among mothers who had only single birth [aRR = 3.42, 95% CI: 1.63–7.17, p < 0.05]. Neonates who were perceived by their mothers to be small were at a higher risk of neonatal death compared to very large neonates [aRR = 2.08, 95% CI: 1.19–3.63, p < 0.05]. A unit increase in the number of children born to a woman of reproductive age was associated with a 49% increased risk in neonatal deaths [aRR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.30–1.69, p < 0.05]. Conclusion Neonatal mortality in Ghana remains relatively high, and the factors that predisposed children to neonatal death were birth size that were perceived to be small, low birth weight, higher parity, and multiple births. Improving pregnant women’s nutritional patterns and providing special support to women who have multiple deliveries will reduce neonatal mortality in Ghana.

scholarly journals Analysis of Cardiotocography Findings in Pregnancy with Less Fetal Movement and Its Association with Perinatal Outcome

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Ummay Salma ◽  
Mahe Jabeen ◽  
Sabiha Shimul ◽  
Dilruba Akhter
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Perinatal Outcome ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Fetal Movement ◽  
Neonatal Unit ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Medical College

Less fetal movement affects perinatal outcome. To examine association between antenatal CTG findings and perinatal outcome in women with less fetal movement. This prospective observational study was conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kumudini Women's Medical College and Hospital, Mirzapur, Tangail over a period of six months from January 2015 to June 2015. It included 100 pregnant women after 34 weeks of gestation. They underwent a cardiotocogram (CTG) test. Data were collected by face-to-face interview, observation and document review. The mean age of the women was 24.37±4.62 (SD) years and mean gestational age was 38.48±2.15 weeks. In this study, 82.0% of the cases presented at term pregnancy, 42.0% of the women were primi gravida and rest falls between 2nd to 4th gravida. Normal vaginal delivery was in 59.0% cases and rest were undergone caesarean sections (41.0%). Late deceleration with decreased variability was (23.5%) most common. Incidence of low birth weight was 16.0% & macrosomia was 5.0%. Birth asphyxia was found in 52.0% cases, 49.0% needed immediate resuscitation, 35.0% were admitted into neonatal unit and early neonatal death was 8.0%. Birth asphyxia was significantly higher in non-reassuring [37(72.5%)] than reassuring [15(30.6%)] on CTG. Incidence of low birth weight was higher in non-reassuring [11(21.6%)] than in reassuring [5(10.2%)] on CTG (p>0.05). Early neonatal death was more in respondents with non-reassuring [5(9.8%)] on CTG than reassuring [3(6.1%)] on CTG (p>0.05). Twenty six (51.0%) neonatal of the non-reassuring were admitted into neonatal unit whereas only 9 (18.4%) neonatal of the reassuring were admitted into neonatal unit. It can be concluded that CTG may be the first line investigation for ante and intrapartum fetal assessment.Medicine Today 2018 Vol.30(1): 19-22

scholarly journals A profile on the spectrum of neonatal mortality and morbidity pattern of extramural neonates in the Specialised Neonatal Care Unit (SNCU) in a tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 427 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anuradha D. ◽  
Rajesh Kumar S. ◽  
Aravind M. A. ◽  
Jayakumar M. ◽  
J. Ganesh J.
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Low Birthweight ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Newborn Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Neonatal Deaths

Background: Every year, nearly four million newborn babies die in the first month of life. India carries the single largest share (around 25-30%) of neonatal deaths in the world. Neonatal deaths constitute two thirds of infant deaths in India. 45% of the deaths occur within the first two days of life. It has been estimated that about 70% of neonatal deaths could be prevented if proven interventions are implemented effectively at the appropriate time. It was further estimated that health facility-based interventions can reduce neonatal mortality by 23-50% in different settings. Facility-based newborn care, thus, has a significant potential for improving the survival of newborns in India. This research has been planned with an aim to study the profile of pattern of admissions in a SNCU and their outcomes following admission and management in the unit.Methods: All babies referred for neonatal problems (less than 28 days) and admitted in NICU will be included. Both term and preterm babies will be considered. The criteria for admission includes various causes like low birth weight, preterm, birth asphyxia, respiratory distress, hyperbilirubinemia, congenital anomalies, risk factors (maternal, neonatal, prenatal), infections and outcome will be analysed.Results: Among the 2927 admissions term babies and boys outnumbered. The common causes for admission were birth asphyxia, respiratory distress, low birthweight and preterm. Most babies had an uncomplicated stay. The mortality in the extramural neonates was due to neonatal sepsis, extreme preterm and congenital malformations.Conclusions: Intensive and interventional management, along with good neonatal monitoring and care can reduce the mortality and improve the survival of low birth weight babies and other treatable problems. Thus, a combined effort of management by pediatricians, nursing care, neonatal intensive care unit can improve the survival rates of neonates.

scholarly journals Comparing regional neonatal mortality rates: the influence of registration of births as live born for birth weight <500 g in Taiwan

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. e000526
Author(s):  
Liang-Yi Wang ◽  
Yu-Shan Chang ◽  
Fu-Wen Liang ◽  
Yung-Chieh Lin ◽  
Yuh-Jyh Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Ecological Study ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
Taipei City ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ObjectiveTo investigate regional variation in the registration of births (still+live) as live born for birth weight <500 g and the impact on the city/county ranking of neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in Taiwan.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional ecological study.Setting20 cities/counties in Taiwan.ParticipantsRegistered births for birth weight <500 g and neonatal deaths in 2015–2016.Main outcome measuresCity/county percentage of births <500 g registered as live born and ranking of city/county NMR (deaths per 1000 live births) including and excluding live births <500 g.ResultsThe percentage of births <500 g registered as live born ranged from 0% in Keelung City (0/26) and Penghu County (0/4) to 20% in Taipei City (112/558), 24% in Hsinchu County (5/21) and 28% in Hualien County (9/32). The change in city/county ranking of NMR from including to excluding live births <500 g was most prominent in Taipei City (from the 15th to the 1st) followed by Kaohsiung City (from the 18th to the 14th).ConclusionsThe city/county NMR in Taiwan is influenced by variation in the registration of live born for births with uncertain viability. We recommend presenting city/county NMR using both criteria (with or without minimum threshold of gestation period or birth weight) for better interpretation of the findings of comparisons of city/county NMR.

scholarly journals Early neonatal mortality rate and the risk factors in Wangaya hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (5) ◽  
pp. 306
Author(s):  
Made Lndah Nastiti Utami Budha ◽  
Wayan Retayasa ◽  
Made Kardana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Early Neonatal Death ◽  
Neonatal Mortality Rate ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Early Neonatal Mortality Rate

Background The first week of life of a neonate is a critical period.In Asia, early neonatal mortality rate remains high.Objective To investigate early neonatal mortality rate and the riskfactors in Wangaya Hospital.Methods A cross sectional study was carried out retrospectivelyon neonates registered at Perinatology Unit, Wangaya HospitalDenpasar, Bali since January 2006. The study was done fromOctober to November 2007. Data was obtained from medicalrecord, analyzed as univariate using chi-square test or Fisher'sexact test and multivariate logistic regression analysis model.Results Early neonatal mortality rate in Wangaya Hospital was 38.7per 1000 livebirths. Univariate analyses showed that there werefive significant risk factors of early neonatal death, i.e., respiratorydistress, asphyxia, birth weight less than 2500 grams, sepsis, andgestational age less than 3 7 weeks. Multivariate analysis showedthat those five variables were significant as risk factors of earlyneonatal death i.e., OR (95% confidence interval) for respiratorydistress: 16.8 (3.7 to 76.6)], asphyxia: 13.5 (6.1 to 29.9)], birthweight <2500 grams: 8.1 (3.3 to 19.9)], sepsis: 7.3 (3.1 to 17.1),and gestational age <37 weeks: 3.5 (1.6 to 7.8)].Conclusions Early neonatal mortality rate in Wangaya Hospitalremains high. Respiratory distress, asphyxia, birth weight <2500gram, sepsis, and gestational age <37 weeks were independent riskfactors of early neonatal death.

scholarly journals Trends, patterns and cause-specific neonatal mortality in Tanzania: a hospital-based retrospective survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chacha D Mangu ◽  
Susan F Rumisha ◽  
Emanuel P Lyimo ◽  
Irene R Mremi ◽  
Isolide S Massawe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
International Classification Of Diseases ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background Globally, large numbers of children die shortly after birth and many of them within the first 4 wk of life. This study aimed to determine the trends, patterns and causes of neonatal mortality in hospitals in Tanzania during 2006–2015. Methods This retrospective study involved 35 hospitals. Mortality data were extracted from inpatient registers, death registers and International Classification of Diseases-10 report forms. Annual specific hospital-based neonatal mortality rates were calculated and discussed. Two periods of 2006–2010 and 2011–2015 were assessed separately to account for data availability and interventions. Results A total of 235 689 deaths were recorded and neonatal deaths accounted for 11.3% (n=26 630) of the deaths. The majority of neonatal deaths (87.5%) occurred in the first week of life. Overall hospital-based neonatal mortality rates increased from 2.6 in 2006 to 10.4 deaths per 1000 live births in 2015, with the early neonates contributing 90% to this rate constantly over time. The neonatal mortality rate was 3.7/1000 during 2006–2010 and 10.4/1000 during 2011–2015, both periods indicating a stagnant trend in the years between. The leading causes of early neonatal death were birth asphyxia (22.3%) and respiratory distress (20.8%), while those of late neonatal death were sepsis (29.1%) and respiratory distress (20.0%). Conclusion The majority of neonatal deaths in Tanzania occur among the early newborns and the trend over time indicates a slow improvement. Most neonatal deaths are preventable, hence there are opportunities to reduce mortality rates with improvements in service delivery during the first 7 d and maternal care.

Low Birth Weight and Neonatal Mortality: Meta Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvalia Rahma Pratiwi ◽  
◽  
Hanung Prasetya ◽  
Bhisma Murti ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Central Java

ABSTRACT Background: Low birth weight (LBW) has been used as an important public health indicator. LBW is one of the key drivers and indirect causes of neonatal death. It contributes to 60% to 80% of all neonatal deaths, annually. This study aimed to examine association between LBW and neonatal mortality using meta analysis. Subjects and Methods: This was meta-analysis and systematic review. Published articles in 2010-2020 were collected from Google Scholar, PubMed, Springer Link, Hindawi, Clinical Key, ProQuest databases. Keywords used “low birth weight” AND “mortality” OR “birth weight mortality” OR “neonatal death” AND “cross sectional” AND “adjusted odd ratio”. The inclusion criteria were full text, using cross-sectional study design, and reporting adjusted ratio. The data were analyzed by PRISMA flow chart and Revman 5.3. Results: 6 studies were met criteria. This study showed that low birth weight increased the risk of neonatal mortality (aOR= 2.23; 95% CI= 1.12 to 4.44; p= 0.02). Conclusion: Low birth weight increases the risk of neonatal mortality. Keywords: low birth weight, mortality, neonatal death Correspondence: Silvalia Rahma Pratiwi. Masters Program in Public Health. Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: 082324820288. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.113

scholarly journals Are infant mortality rates increasing in England? The effect of extreme prematurity and early neonatal deaths

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selina Nath ◽  
Pia Hardelid ◽  
Ania Zylbersztejn
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Survival ◽  
Extreme Prematurity ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Infant Deaths ◽  
Live Births ◽  
National Statistics ◽  
Early Neonatal Deaths

Abstract Background Infant mortality has been rising in England since 2014. We examined potential drivers of these trends. Methods We used aggregate data on all live births, stillbirths and linked infant deaths in England in 2006–2016 from the Office for National Statistics. We compared trends in infant mortality rates overall, excluding births at &lt;24 weeks of gestation, by quintile of SES and gestational age. Results Infant mortality decreased from 4.78 deaths/1000 live births in 2006 to 3.54/1000 in 2014 (annual decrease of 0.15/1000) and increased to 3.67/1000 in 2016 (annual increase of 0.07/1000). This rise was driven by increases in deaths at 0–6 days of life. After excluding infants born at &lt;24 weeks of gestation, infant mortality continued to decrease after 2014. The risk of infant death was 94% higher in the most versus least deprived SES quintile, which reduced to a 55% higher risk after adjusting for gestational age. Conclusions The observed increase in infant mortality rates since 2014 is wholly explained by an increasing number of deaths at 0–6 days of age among babies born at &lt;24 weeks of gestation. Policies focused on improving maternal health to reduce preterm birth could substantially reduce the socio-economic gap in infant survival.

scholarly journals Assessment of neonatal mortality major factors

2019 ◽  
pp. 124-130
Author(s):  
Rasmiya Lafta ◽  
Husam Habeeb
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Congenital Anomalies ◽  
Neonatal Death ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Neonatal Deaths ◽  
Major Factors

Background: Neonatal mortality accounts for nearly half of the deaths of children under the age of five, the main leading causes for which are respiratory distress, infection, and congenital anomalies. Action plans, which call for the elimination of preventable deaths of newborn babies, set specific targets to reduce neonatal mortality. This retrospective descriptive study was conducted in the Basra Teaching Hospital for maternity and childhood from January 2019 to February 2020, including all the neonates who were admitted in the first and second neonatal care units of the hospital. Aim: This study aims to study the main causes of neonatal deaths in newborn babies in the neonatal care units at the main maternity and pediatric hospital of the Basra government. Patients and methods: A total of 716 neonatal deaths were registered along with days of life before death and the cause of death; the cases were classified as early (1–6) days death and late (7–28) days death. Results: In this study, we found that the main causes of early neonatal death were respiratory distress syndrome (68.4%), congenital anomalies (11.4%), infection (10.9%), birth asphyxia (7.2%), and other neonatal conditions (inborn error of metabolism, hemorrhagic disease of newborn, severe anemia, and unspecified causes) (2.1%), while for late neonatal death, respiratory distress (27.2%), congenital problems (17.7%), infection (45.6%), birth asphyxia (6.1%), and other conditions (3.4%) were cited. Conclusions: It is important to direct the health resources towards preventable causes of neonatal deaths both before, during and after the delivery of a baby when the higher risk factors are preventable (prematurity, birth problems, and sepsis). Using all available resources to decrease preterm labors and mother education toward pregnancy and to improve the facilities and quality of neonatal care at the delivery room and neonatal care units. Keywords: neonate, prematurity, congenital problems, birth asphyxia

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document