scholarly journals Evaluation of physical growth and sexual maturation rating of Adolescent boys

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
DS Gedam ◽  
M Waseem ◽  
M Chansoria
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Physical Growth ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Psychological Need ◽  
Overweight Adolescent ◽  
Maturity Rating

Introduction: The present study is an attempt to evaluate the incidence of malnutrition as well as obesity. We have evaluated physical growth and sexual maturity rating of 10-18 years adolescent boys–overweight Vs Normal Vs Underweight. Material and Methods: A random sample of 530 adolescent boys (one private English Medium and one Govt. Hindi Medium School) between the ages of 10-18 years during the period of August 2008 to August 2009 constituted the material for this study. Weight, Height and BMI and Sexual maturation rating (SMR) were calculated. Results: Nearly 39% of the adolescent boys studied were either underweight (31%) or overweight (8%). All overweight adolescent boys have their mean weight more as compared to WHO 50th centile. Normal weight and underweight adolescent boys have lesser mean weight as compared to WHO 50th centile. All overweight and normal weight adolescent boys have their mean height lesser as compared to WHO 50th centile. All underweight adolescent boys except for age group of 12 yr have their mean height lesser as compared to WHO 50th centile. Underweight boys achieved different stages of genital growth prior to normal weight and overweight boys but lag behind as compared to Tanner. It was obvious that underweight boys achieved different stages of pubic hair growth prior to normal weight and overweight boys. Conclusion: Present study indicates that incidence of overweight children is also increasing significantly. Adolescent psychological need should be assessed and they should be given knowledge regarding their normal sexual growth pattern to decrease their anxiety. J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 32(2) 2012 117-123 doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v32i2.5601

scholarly journals Development of weight and height in Norwegian children: The Health Oriented Pedagogical Project (HOPP)

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (21_suppl) ◽  
pp. 3-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelica Skår ◽  
Trine Johansen Meza ◽  
Per Morten Fredriksen
Keyword(s):  
Disease Burden ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
International Obesity Task Force ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Parental Level

Aims: High prevalence of overweight and obesity increases the disease burden with higher risk for an expanding set of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, certain types of cancers and an array of musculoskeletal disorders. Over the last decades, trends in children’s weight have changed worldwide. Methods: Anthropometric measurements of height and weight and calculations of body mass index (BMI) were recorded for 2297 children, aged 6–12 years. Results: Percentiles for weight and height are presented, as well as overweight and obesity cut-off points according to International Obesity Task Force guidelines for each age group. Children’s BMI is higher compared to older studies; however, a levelling-off of weight is evident, as 14–15% of the children are overweight in the present study. Children within the 90th and 97.5th percentiles display a higher annual increase in weight/height ratio compared to other percentiles. Parental level of education shows association with children’s BMI. Conclusions: A levelling-off of weight gain among children is evident; however, overweight children tend to gain more weight than normal-weight children.

scholarly journals General practitioners cannot rely on reported weight and height of children

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janneke van Leeuwen ◽  
Marienke van Middelkoop ◽  
Winifred D. Paulis ◽  
Patrick J.E. Bindels ◽  
Bart W. Koes
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Lower Weight ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Measured Weight ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Mean Differences

AbstractAim: The aim of this study is to investigate the differences between reported and measured weight and height for underweight, normal-weight, and overweight children, particularly in a general practitioner setting. Background: Screening, signaling, and treatment of childhood obesity by the general practitioner depends on accurate weight and height measurements.Methods: Data on reported and measured weight and height from a cohort including 715 normal-weight and overweight children aged 2–17 were used. Means of reported and measured weight and height were compared using the paired T-test. Findings: Of the 715 included children, 17.5% were defined as being underweight, 63.2% normal-weight, and 19.3% overweight according to direct measured height and weight. In the age group 2–8 years, parents of underweight children reported a significantly higher weight than measured weight [mean differences (MD) 0.32 kg (0.02, 0.62)], whereas parents of overweight young children reported a significantly lower weight [MD −1.08 kg (−1.77, −0.39)]. In the age group 9–17 years, normal-weight [MD −0.51 kg (−0.79, −0.23)] and overweight children [MD −1.28 kg (−2.08, −0.47)] reported a significantly lower weight than measured weight. Conclusions: General practitioners cannot rely on reported weight and height measures from parents and children. In case of suspected under- or overweight in children, it should be advised to measure weight and height in general practice.

Effect of prior exercise on postprandial lipemia and markers of inflammation and endothelial activation in normal weight and overweight adolescent boys

2009 ◽  
Vol 106 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-729 ◽  
Author(s):  
Owen J. MacEneaney ◽  
Michael Harrison ◽  
Donal J. O’Gorman ◽  
Elena V. Pankratieva ◽  
Paul L. O’Connor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postprandial Lipemia ◽  
Endothelial Activation ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
Markers Of Inflammation ◽  
Prior Exercise ◽  
Overweight Adolescent

Impact Of Modernization Among College Students In Prayagraj District, Uttar Pradesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Purvi Nishad ◽  
Anjali Mathur ◽  
Anshu ◽  
Nisha Chacko
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Uttar Pradesh ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Adolescent Boys ◽  
The Impact

The present study was to assess the impact of modernization among the college students across gender, socio cultural settings and socio economic groups among adolescent boys and girls in the age group of 17 to 21 year.

Body phenotypes and sexual maturation in Brazilian and US adolescents: evidence for a change in body mass index Category

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Jéssica Cumpian Silva ◽  
Ana Elisa Madalena Rinaldi ◽  
Francisco de Assis Guedes Vasconcelos ◽  
Maria Alice Altenburg Assis ◽  
Camila Medeiros Mazzeti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Sexual Maturation ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Pubertal Development ◽  
The United States ◽  
Pubic Hair ◽  
Cholesterol Ratio

ABSTRACT Objective: Our study aimed to describe body phenotypes (BP) estimated by multivariate analysis and their association with body mass. Design: Body phenotypes were defined based on demographic variables, anthropometric data (body mass, height, skinfolds and circumferences), body composition (phase angle measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis), biochemical parameters (triglycerides, glucose, total cholesterol ratio/Low Density Lipoproteins (LDL), haemoglobin and sexual maturation (pubic hair and breasts or gonads). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to verify the differences between skin colour and the stages of pubertal development, body phenotypes, body composition, anthropometric, and biochemical variables. Setting: Cities of São Paulo-SP, Piracicaba-SP and Florianópolis-SC from Brazil and the United States. Participants: 9269 adolescents aged between 10 to 15 years old. Results: The composition of BP was similar in all surveys, which are: BP1 was composed by skinfolds, body mass and circumferences variables; BP2 by pubic hair, breast in girls or gonad in boys, height and age; BP3 by cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose; and BP4 by phase angle, haemoglobin and glucose (negative loading). There was a strong correlation (r = 0.9, p <0.001) between BP1 and body mass index. Conclusion: We highlighted independence observed between biochemical parameters, anthropometry, body composition and sexual maturation. BP may support the calculation of scores for diagnosis of obesity based on anthropometric variables and overcome ambiguity in the isolated use of body mass index.

scholarly journals Effect of childhood overweight on distal metaphyseal radius fractures treated by closed reduction

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Liu ◽  
Chunjie Liu ◽  
Dongmei Guo ◽  
Ning Wang ◽  
Ying Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Closed Reduction ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Medical Community ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Radius Fractures

Abstract Background The medical community has recognized overweight as an epidemic negatively affecting a large proportion of the pediatric population, but few studies have been performed to investigate the relationship between overweight and failure of conservative treatment for distal radius fractures (DRFs). This study was performed to investigate the effect of overweight on the outcome of conservative treatment for DRFs in children. Methods We performed a retrospective study of children with closed displaced distal metaphyseal radius fractures in our hospital from January 2015 to May 2020. Closed reduction was initially performed; if closed reduction failed, surgical treatment was performed. Patients were followed up regularly after treatment, and redisplacement was diagnosed on the basis of imaging findings. Potential risk factors for redisplacement were collected and analyzed. Results In total, 142 children were included in this study. The final reduction procedure failed in 21 patients, all of whom finally underwent surgical treatment. The incidences of failed final reduction and fair reduction were significantly higher in the overweight/obesity group than in the normal-weight group (P = 0.046 and P = 0.041, respectively). During follow-up, 32 (26.4%) patients developed redisplacement after closed reduction and cast immobilization. The three risk factors associated with the incidence of redisplacement were overweight/obesity [odds ratio (OR), 2.149; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.320–3.498], an associated ulnar fracture (OR, 2.127; 95% CI, 1.169–3.870), and a three-point index of ≥ 0.40 (OR, 3.272; 95% CI, 1.975–5.421). Conclusions Overweight increases the risk of reduction failure and decreases the reduction effect. Overweight children were two times more likely to develop redisplacement than normal-weight children in the present study. Thus, overweight children may benefit from stricter clinical follow-up and perhaps a lower threshold for surgical intervention.

scholarly journals Relationship of parental characteristics and feeding practices to overweight in infants and young children in Beijing, China

2009 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 973-978 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiang Jingxiong ◽  
Urban Rosenqvist ◽  
Wang Huishan ◽  
Bert Koletzko ◽  
Lian Guangli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Feeding Practices ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Parental Characteristics ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Beijing China ◽  
Infants And Young Children

AbstractBackgroundChildhood obesity has become a major public health problem in many countries. To explore the risk factors of overweight in infants and young children might be helpful in developing an early overweight intervention strategy.ObjectiveTo assess the prevalence of overweight and the relationship of parental characteristics and feeding practices to overweight in infants and young children in Beijing, China.DesignData on weight and length/height were collected on 4654 children aged 1–35 months in twelve communities in Beijing from a cross-sectional study. Overweight was defined as weight-for-length/height ≥2sd above the median of the WHO reference. Two hundred and fifteen families with overweight children and 215 families with normal-weight children were interviewed using a questionnaire to obtain feeding practices.ResultsThe overall prevalence of overweight was 4·7 %. Both parental overweight and low parental education were significantly higher among overweight than normal-weight children. The total energy intake was significantly higher in overweight than in normal-weight children at 12–35 months of age. Compared with normal-weight children, significantly fewer overweight children were breast-fed for at least 4 months. Overweight children were also more likely to have been introduced to infant formula and semi-solid foods during the first 4 months.ConclusionEarly prevention strategies should include feeding practices identified as putting children at risk of obesity. These include early cessation of breast-feeding and premature introduction of other foods.

Ideal body image for the opposite sex and its association with body mass index

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
María Eugenia Ibáñez-Zamacona ◽  
Alaitz Poveda ◽  
Esther Rebato
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Younger Age ◽  
Opposite Sex ◽  
Ideal Body Image ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation

Abstract This research studied the preferences reported by women and men about their Ideal Body Image for the Opposite Sex (IBIOS), and its association with body mass index (BMI). It also analysed the preferences of each sex for a woman’s ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man’s ideal body image (M-IBI). A total of 450 participants aged 18–70 years with different weights were studied. Their IBIOS was assessed using standard figural stimuli. The sample was divided in four groups by sex and age (<45 years; ≥45 years). Sex and age differences in IBIOS, as well as sex differences in the preferences for a woman’s ideal body image (W-IBI) and a man’s ideal body image (M-IBI), were tested using a non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. The association between IBIOS and BMI was analysed using Spearman’s correlation. In all groups, the most chosen silhouette as IBIOS was number 4. In the under-45 years group, women chose bigger silhouettes for the opposite sex than men did (p<0.05). In this age group women chose as ideal smaller silhouettes for the female body than men did (p<0.01). In addition, women and men in the younger age group and with normal weight chose smaller silhouettes, while those who were overweight or obese selected larger silhouettes (p<0.001). Age was found to be a relevant factor in IBIOS preferences, and in the association between IBIOS and nutritional status as measured by BMI, which was only observed to be significant in the younger age group.

Impact of Overweight on Effectiveness of Treatment with Human Growth Hormone in Growth Hormone Deficient Children: Analysis of German KIGS Data

2011 ◽  
Vol 119 (09) ◽  
pp. 544-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Reinehr ◽  
S. Bechtold-Dalla Pozza ◽  
M. Bettendorf ◽  
H.-G. Doerr ◽  
B. Gohlke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
First Year ◽  
Overweight Children ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Igf I ◽  
Group A

AbstractWe hypothesized that overweight children with growth hormone deficiency (GHD) demonstrate a lower response to growth hormone (GH) as a result of a misclassification since obesity is associated with lower GH peaks in stimulation tests.Anthropometric data, response, and responsiveness to GH in the first year of treatment were compared in 1.712 prepubertal children with GHD from the German KIGS database according to BMI (underweight=group A, normal weight=group B, overweight=group C) (median age: group A, B, C: 7.3, 7.28, and 8.4 years).Maximum GH levels to tests (median: group A, B, C: 5.8, 5.8, and 4.0 µg/ml) were significantly lower in group C. IGF-I SDS levels were not different between the groups. Growth velocity in the first year of GH treatment was significantly lower in the underweight cohort (median: group A, B, C: 8.2, 8.8, and 9.0 cm/yr), while the gain in height was not different between groups. The difference between observed and predicted growth velocity expressed as Studentized residuals was not significantly different between groups. Separating the 164 overweight children into obese children (BMI>97th centile; n=71) and moderate overweight children (BMI>90th to 97th centile, n=93) demonstrated no significant difference in any parameter.Overweight prepubertal children with idiopathic GHD demonstrated similar levels of responsiveness to GH treatment compared to normal weight children. Furthermore, the IGF-I levels were low in overweight children. Therefore, a misclassification of GHD in overweight prepubertal children within the KIGS database seems unlikely. The first year growth prediction models can be applied to overweight and obese GHD children.

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