Childhood Neurocysticersosis: A Rural Teaching Hospital Experience

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by the larval stage of Taenia Solium. Neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. In India NCC has been identified as a significant cause of seizures. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 150 children of NCC up to 18 years of age in a tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory/ radiological evaluation of the patients. Socio-clinical, radiological and serological data of the patients were analysed. Results: A total of 150 children were enrolled in this study. The commonest age group of the cases in this study was six to 10 years. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The largest percentage of cases belonged to upper lower class (56%) and lowest was 4% in upper class. Sixty percent subjects were non vegetarian. Seizures were the most common presentation (96%). Headache was present in 44% cases. Single lesion was commonest type of lesion on radiological examination with frontal cortex as most commonly involved area of brain. Stage II NCC was commonest type of lesion on MRI. EEG was abnormal in 38% cases. Serum ELISA for cysticercosis was positive in 10% cases. Number of lesions was not associated with age group, type of seizure or any particular area of brain. Conclusion: Stage II NCC the commonest type of NCC. Single lesion NCC was more common than multiple lesions. All cases with atypical presentation and positive ELISA had multiple lesions. Frontal portion of cortex was most commonly involved.

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Tinea pedis: a clinico mycological study

International Journal of Research in Dermatology ◽

10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20173917 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 3 (3) ◽

pp. 323

Author(s):

Balakrishnan Thenmozhi Priya ◽

Chellam Janaki

Keyword(s):

Tinea Pedis ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

General Distribution ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Clinical Presentations ◽

Male Female Ratio ◽

Complete Physical Examination ◽

Local Examination

Background: To study the varied clinical presentations, the predominant etiological agent and incidence of tinea pedis in relation to sex, age group, occupation and aggravating factors among the patients. Also an attempt was made to know if any significant association is there with blood group and the occurrence of tinea pedis.Methods: A study was conducted among 75 patients who attended Mycology clinic in tertiary care hospital. Detailed history was taken along with complete physical examination and local examination. All cases of tinea pedis were first confirmed by KOH examination. Isolation of the agent was done in Modified SDA medium with cycloheximide. Differentiation of the species was done by culturing on corn meal agar.Results: Prevalence of tinea pedis infection was more common among males with male: female ratio of 2.26:1. The 21- 30 years age group was commonly affected by tinea pedis. The distribution of blood groups reflected the general distribution pattern of the population. Culture positivity was recorded in 81.3%.Conclusions: More incidences of bilateral involvement and recurrent episodes were noted among the shoe wearing population than in the non-shoe wearing population. Any patients diagnosed with tinea pedis should be screened for diabetes as implied by the outcome of the study. Infected toe nails may be the site of primary infection and fungal disease can spread to other body areas from these primary sites. Trichophyton rubrum happened to be the chief isolate.

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Socio-demographic Characteristics and Incidence of CIN of Uterine Cervix among VIA Positive Women attended at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City

Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research ◽

10.3329/jcamr.v7i1.46423 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 7-11

Author(s):

Khurshida Samad ◽

Imtiaz Ahmed ◽

Touhid Uddin Rupom ◽

Fouzia Jahan ◽

Shimul Akter

Keyword(s):

Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Uterine Cervix ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Intraepithelial Neoplasia ◽

Lower Class ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Women in different socio-demographic are presented with VIA positivity. Objective: The purpose of the present study was to see the socio-demographic characteristics and incidence of CIN of uterine cervix among of VIA positive women. Methodology: This cross sectional study was conducted in the Department Of Pathology at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh during the period of July 2007 to June 2008 for one (01) year. Patients who were colposcopically positive for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and early invasive carcinoma or patients who are colposcopically negative but clinically suspicious for cervical neoplasia were included in this study. The clinical history was obtained by taking history with particular attention to age, age at marriage, parity, history of contraceptives, abnormal per vaginal discharge and post coital bleeding. The cervix was examined on naked eye by Cusco’s speculum to see whether it was healthy or not. Then it was examined by the colposcope after applying 3.0 to 5.0% acetic acid and colposcopic findings were collected. VIA positive cases were underwent colposcopy guided LEEP biopsy. Result: A total of 63 patients of different age group were recruited for this study. The mean with SD of age of this study population was 34.6±9.59 years. In this study, 41(65%) cases were diagnosed as cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Incidence of CIN-I was 10 cases in age group 20 to 29 years. Most of the cases were in 30 to 39 (18 cases) years age group. Among 20 cases of high grade lesion (CIN-II/III) 9(45%) cases were in lower class, 8(40%) cases were in middle class and 3(15%) cases in upper class. Conclusion: In conclusion majority of the women were middle aged reproductive age group who are mostly in the lower class of socioeconomic class. Journal of Current and Advance Medical Research 2020;7(1): 7-11

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A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON SEIZURES AMONG PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

10.36106/ijsr/7336172 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 63-64

Author(s):

Srenivas. A ◽

Sathiya Suresh

Keyword(s):

Tertiary Care ◽

Age At Onset ◽

Preterm Neonates ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Neonatal Seizures ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Pediatric Age Group ◽

Female Male Female ◽

A Prospective Study

Seizures represent signal of neurological disease in the newborn period and these convulsive phenomena are the most frequent of the overt manifestation of neonatal neurological disorders.. The objective of this study was to study the incidence of pediatrics (0-12 years) seizures. To study the etiology and pattern of seizures. Methods: 200 Subjects who had seizures were included in the study. Relevant history was ascertained from a patient’s parents or a reliable relative or attendant, medical records and the referring physicians note, specifically from mother in case of neonatal seizures i.e. age at onset of seizures, seizure activity with special emphasis on occurrence of 1st seizures, duration of seizures, number and type of seizures, associated autonomic changes, medications required to control seizures, response time to medications, and possible causes for determination of etiology. A detailed antenatal, natal and postnatal history was taken. Results: Out of 200 study subjects 35.89% were in neonatal age group, of which 64.10% and 35.90% were male and female respectively and 64.11%. out of neonatal seizures, 64.10% neonates were male and 35.90% were female. Male: Female ratio was 1.79:1. The seizures were common in male neonates. Subtle seizures were the commonest type of seizures observed both in term and preterm neonates. Conclusions: The various types of seizure were compared with the preterm and term neonates and it was found statistically significant

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A Study of Clinical Profile of Thyroid Disorders in Children in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Kurnool

International Journal of Integrative Medical Sciences ◽

10.16965/ijims.2021.103 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 966-970

Author(s):

Vedartham Ramesh ◽

Keyword(s):

Prevalence Rate ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽

Thyroid Disorders ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Free T4 ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Free T3

Background: Thyroid hormone abnormalities are the commonest endocrine disorder in India and also the commonest preventable cause of mental retardation, so we want to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in children at kurnool district. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study performed in new born and children below 18 years fulfilling the inclusion criteria visiting the pediatric OPD and IPD in Viswabharathi medical college, Kurnool if they had clinical suspicion of thyroid dysfunction. If suspicion of hypothyroidism, Free T4, Total T4, TSH levels and if suspicion of hyperthyroidism Free T3 and TSH were done. Results: Out of 70 case 3 cases (4.3%) are hyperthyroidism and 67 cases (95.7%) are hypothyroidism in these 3 (4.3%) cases had family history of thyroid disorders, male to female ratio was 1.3:6 and prevalence rate was high in the age group of 10 - 12 years 32.9% (23 cases). 13 (18.6%) cases had thyroid enlargement and 48 (68.57%) cases had anaemia. Treatment was started according to standard guidelines. Conclusion: The higher prevalence rate of thyroid disorders in childhood that to in female children and age group of 10 - 12 years in and around kurnool. Hence, screening of all new-borns and children should be mandatory as early diagnosis and treatment helps in prevention of complications of thyroid disorders. KEY WORDS: Free T3, Free T4, Goiter, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, and Thyroid stimulating hormone.

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Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition among children: a cross sectional study

International Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics ◽

10.18203/2349-3291.ijcp20190679 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 329

Author(s):

Venkatesha K. R. ◽

R. Ravikumar Naik

Keyword(s):

Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Global Risk ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Protein Energy

Background: In the world, hunger and malnutrition are most significant threat. Malnutrition is global risk factor for significant death among infants and pregnant woman. malnutrition increases the chances of several infections.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in children age group of 1 to 18 years, suffering from protein energy malnutrition, attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2016 to December 2016. Results: In the present study, maximum number of cases (44) belongs to age group of 1-5 years, followed by 32 cases belongs to 6-12-year age group and 24 cases belong to 13-18-year age group. Maximum cases (59) belongs to female with male female ratio is 1:1.4. In the present study out of 100 cases, 81 cases came positive for protein energy malnutrition. Out of 81 cases positive for PEM, 34 cases belong to grade I followed by 24 cases belongs to grade II, 13 cases belong to grade III and 1o cases belongs to grade IV protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).Conclusions: Malnutrition is like an iceberg, most people in the developing countries live under the burden of malnutrition.

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Clinical study of surgical management of acute intestinal obstruction in the adults

Medpusle International Journal of Surgery ◽

10.26611/1061915 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 18-21

Author(s):

Amit Girme ◽

Keyword(s):

Intestinal Obstruction ◽

Surgical Management ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Abdominal Distension ◽

Acute Intestinal Obstruction ◽

Emergency Laparotomy ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Male Predominance

Background: Acute Intestinal obstruction is defined as an obstruction in forwarding propulsion of the contents due to mechanical or neurological causes. Present study was aimed to evaluate the etiology, clinical presentation, surgical management and outcomes in patients with acute intestinal obstruction at our tertiary care hospital. Material and Methods: Present study was retrospective study conducted in patients >18 years age, diagnosed as case of intestinal obstruction, underwent emergency laparotomy for acute intestinal obstruction. Results: In present study, total 92 cases were studied. male predominance (72.83 %) was noted and male to female ratio was 2.68:1. Most common age group was between 41- 50 years (26.09%) followed by 51-60 years (20.65%) and 61-70 years (16.3%) age group. In present study most common sign and symptoms were abdominal tenderness (89.13 %), abdominal pain (85.87 %), vomiting (83.7 %), abdominal distension (75 %) and constipation (60.87 %). In present study most common etiology noted was adhesive obstruction (41.3 %), obstructed inguinal hernia (27.17 %), incisional hernia (9.78 %) and sigmoid volvulus (6.52 %). Other less common causes were ileocecal tuberculosis (3.26 %), ascending and descending colon growth (3.26 %), rectum/anal canal growth (3.26 %), sigmoid colon growth (2.17 %), internal hernia (2.17 %) and intussusception (1.09 %). Adhesiolysis + Resection Anastomosis (44.57 %) was most common surgical procedure followed by herniorrhaphy (36.96 %) and resection anastomosis (15.22 %). Sepsis (15.22 %), urinary tract infection (13.04 %), wound infection (11.96 %), basal atelectasis (6.52 %) and burst abdomen (6.52 %) were common complications noted in post-operative period. In present study 9.72% mortality was noted. Conclusion: Success in the treatment of acute bowel obstruction depends mainly on the early diagnosis and efficient management and treating the pathological effects of the obstruction as much as the treatment of the cause itself.

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Clinical profile and outcomes of dengue fever during monsoon season at a tertiary care hospital in South India

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20214068 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Santosh R. Goudar ◽

Heshweaanth R. D. ◽

Jobin Mathew ◽

Vipul Agarwal ◽

Rohith George

Keyword(s):

Dengue Fever ◽

Monsoon Season ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Bladder Wall ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Warning Signs ◽

Control Measures ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio

Background: Dengue is a mosquito-borne infectious disease of the tropical and subtropical countries which is rapidly becoming a global burden. It is caused by any of the four serotypes of dengue virus. Dengue disease presentation varies from mild fever with myalgia and fatigability to severe conditions of dengue haemorrhagic fever and shock syndrome. This study describes the clinical features, laboratory parameters and outcomes of the dengue fever patients during the monsoon season in a tertiary care hospital.Methods: This is retrospective, single centre study carried out at Yenepoya medical college and hospital (YMCH), Mangalore a coastal town in southern India. All patients who were adults (aged>16 years), positive for rapid (NS1 antigen) test or dengue IgM Elisa and admitted from 1-5-2019 to 31-9-2019 (monsoon season) were included in this study. Data was collected from the medical records of YMCH.Results: The male to female ratio of patients in this study was about 4:1. About 70.1% belonged to the age group between 16-35 years. The predominant symptoms on admission were fever, headache, myalgia, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, loose stools, bleeding manifestations and skin rashes. Average days of hospitalization are 5.88 days (SD 2.94). Thrombocytopenia leukopenia raised hematocrit and transaminases are the commonly observed laboratory findings. Ascites, pleural effusion, gall bladder wall edema, sepsis, bradycardia, hypotension, ARDS, and acute kidney injury are the complications observed during the illness. Mortality rate in this study is 1.9%.Conclusions: As seen in this study dengue fever is predominantly affecting the younger age group. The early confirmation of diagnosis, identifying the warning signs and prompt supportive management will help in preventing the further complications and in reducing the mortality. Increased public awareness and vector control measures are important factors to be taken into consideration in the prevention of dengue.

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Socio-demographic Characteristics and Mode of Traumatic Thoraco-Lumbar Spine Injuries at a Referral Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh ◽

10.3329/jninb.v4i1.38286 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 51-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Mizanur Rahman ◽

Md Mahfuzur Rahman ◽

Md Abdullah Yusuf ◽

AFM Arshedi Sattar ◽

Md Ayub Ali ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lumbar Spine ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Thoracolumbar Spine ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Spine Injury ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Spine Injuries ◽

History Of

Background: Traumatic thoraco-lumbar spine injuries occur in different ways during working.Objectives: The purpose of the present study was to find out the-demographic Characteristics and Mode of Traumatic Thoraco-Lumbar Spine Injuries.Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Rehabilitation (NITOR), Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2004 to June 2006 for a period of 2(two) years. Patients with diagnosed cases of traumatic thoraco-lumbar spinal injury with complete or incomplete cord lesion irrespective of sex were selected as study population. An elaborate history of the selected patient was taken with an emphasis of mechanism, time of injury, past history of illness.Result: A total number of 17 patients with thoracolumbar spine injury were recruited. Out of 17 patients, 7(41.2%) patients were in the age group of 21-30 years that is very younger age group. The mean age was 29.29 years. The male and female ratio was 4.7:1. In this series most affected people are farmer (47.05%). Most affected groups are injured by fall from height (70.58%) especially from tree and from roof of the buildings.Conclusion: Young age group male workers are most commonly affected in traumatic thoraco-lumbar spine injuries.Journal of National Institute of Neurosciences Bangladesh, 2018;4(1): 51-53

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Pattern of Valvular Involvement in Rheumatic Heart Disease Patients in a Tertiary Care Hospital of Western Nepal

Nepalese Heart Journal ◽

10.3126/njh.v13i2.15561 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 29-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ram Chandra Kafle ◽

Vijay Madhab Alurkar ◽

Navaraj Paudel ◽

Girija Shankar Jha

Keyword(s):

Heart Disease ◽

Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽

Low Income ◽

Tertiary Care Hospital ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Reproductive Age ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Rheumatic Heart

Background and Amis: Rheumatic Heart Disease (RHD) is among the commonest diseases of young adults in low-income countries like Nepal. Mitral and aortic valves are more commonly affected than others in RHD. Echocardiography is simple and cost effective tool to identify the patterns of valvular involvement that helps in diagnosis and determines the timing of surgery. This study aimed at determining the pattern of RHD in patients who underwent Echocardiography in a tertiary care hospital of western Nepal.Methods: A retrospective analysis of trans-thoracic echocardiographic record of patients from January 2009 to December 2015 was done. Data were collected in a pre-structured proforma and analyzed.Results: Among 12567 echocardiography, 609 (4.84%) were recorded to have RHD including post valve replacement patients. Females predominated with male to female ratio of 1:2.8. Most patients, 308 (50%) belonged to age group of 21-40 years. The commonest isolated lesion was mitral regurgitation (MR) in 119 (26.21%) patients followed by mitral stenosis (MS) in 31(6.82%) patients. The commonest mixed lesion was MS with MR and aortic regurgitation (AR) seen in 99 (21.8%). The frequency of atrial fibrillation (AF) and stroke was 18% and 3% respectively in RHD patientsConclusions: The proportion of RHD was high in our study. Majority of RHD patients were females of reproductive age group. The commonest lesion was MR followed by mixed valvular lesions.Nepalese Heart Journal 2016; 13(2): 29-31

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Analysis of pesticide poisoning cases in a tertiary care hospital, Mumbai

International Journal of Clinical and Biomedical Research ◽

10.31878/ijcbr.2018.51.04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 12-14

Author(s):

Rajesh D. Kharat ◽

RAHUL VITTHAL KEDARE

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Medical Emergency ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Age Group ◽

Pesticide Poisoning ◽

Female Ratio ◽

Safety Practices ◽

Hindu Religion ◽

Lower Socioeconomic

The pesticide poisoning is a common medical emergency and leads to morbidity and mortality in developing countries due to easy accessibility and less cost. A prospective analysis of pesticide poisoning cases admitted to the emergency department of tertiary care, teaching hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2006. The main objectives, to assess the pattern and socio-demographic profile of pesticide poisoning. The most cases observed in the age group 21-30 years (n:72, 41.37%)). Total males affected were 94 (54.02%) dominating the females 80 (45.98%) and male to female ratio (1.17:1). But in younger age group, females were more affected than males. The maximum cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic class (n:82, 47.12%) and urban areas (n:106, 60.91%). Majority of the victims married and belonged to Hindu religion (n: 140, 80.4%). The occurrence of pesticide poisoning was more frequent in the evening (n:82,47.12%) and during the, monsoon (73, 41.95%).There is a need for adequate guidelines for sale, use, storage and safety practices for the pesticide. These will be helpful for the enhancement of the knowledge, awareness and safety practices among the population for prevention and reduction of the pesticide poisoning. It also emphasized on the early availability of treatment in the poisoning cases.

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