scholarly journals Analysis of pesticide poisoning cases in a tertiary care hospital, Mumbai

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-14
Author(s):  
Rajesh D. Kharat ◽  
RAHUL VITTHAL KEDARE
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Pesticide Poisoning ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Hindu Religion ◽  
Lower Socioeconomic

The pesticide poisoning is a common medical emergency and leads to morbidity and mortality in developing countries due to easy accessibility and less cost. A prospective analysis of pesticide poisoning cases admitted to the emergency department of tertiary care, teaching hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra from 1st January 2006 to 31st December 2006. The main objectives, to assess the pattern and socio-demographic profile of pesticide poisoning. The most cases observed in the age group 21-30 years (n:72, 41.37%)). Total males affected were 94 (54.02%) dominating the females 80 (45.98%) and male to female ratio (1.17:1). But in younger age group, females were more affected than males. The maximum cases belonged to the lower socioeconomic class (n:82, 47.12%) and urban areas (n:106, 60.91%). Majority of the victims married and belonged to Hindu religion (n: 140, 80.4%). The occurrence of pesticide poisoning was more frequent in the evening (n:82,47.12%) and during the, monsoon (73, 41.95%).There is a need for adequate guidelines for sale, use, storage and safety practices for the pesticide. These will be helpful for the enhancement of the knowledge, awareness and safety practices among the population for prevention and reduction of the pesticide poisoning. It also emphasized on the early availability of treatment in the poisoning cases.

scholarly journals Study of Drug Utilization on Acute Poisoning Cases Treated at Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Sreya Todi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Utilization ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Acute Poisoning ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Poison Control ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Cross Sectional

Acute poisoning is common everywhere in medical emergency.  Acute poisoning may be due to deliberate exposure to drugs, chemicals and natural toxins or accidental which is emergency for common medical health.  The main aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of drug utilization, poisoning agents, and outcome in patients with treated acute poisoning. Material and Methods:  This prospective cross sectional study was carried out in the emergency department of a tertiary care centre over a one year period. Result: During the period of 1 year total 310 Acute poisoning cases were recorded by us. Out of 310 acute poisoning cases 170(54.8%) were male where as females were 140(45.2%). The majority of cases were from age group of 20 -50 years in males whereas mean age of female patients was 37.3 years and majority of the cases were from 25-50 age group. The most common route of exposure to poisons (69.6%) was ingestion and followed by dermal exposure (in cases of venomous animal exposures) (25.8%) and inhalation (4.6%).The most common symptomatic treatments given to the patients were antimicrobials (88.7% of cases),  antiemetics (82.6%% of cases), H2 blockers (72.9% of cases) and Atropine (51% of cases), pralidoxime (41.6% of cases)  Proton pump inhibitors and  Vasopressor agents  etc respectively. The most commonly prescribed specific antidotes were Anti-snake venom (ASV) (12.9% of cases).Conclusion: In the present study, the main causes of poisoning were identified as household products in urban areas of India. Awareness about the dangers of such poisons should be the added responsibility of  health and hospital authorities. Poison control center establishment in the region will also help in preventing and controlling such poisoning events.

Prescribing trends of antidiabetic drugs in diabetic and hypertensive diabetic patients in an urban tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-343
Author(s):  
Mohammad Didar Khan ◽  
Md. Ibrahim ◽  
Md. Mizanur Rahman Moghal ◽  
Dipti debnath ◽  
Asma Kabir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Microsoft Excel ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
Prescribing Trends ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Insight Into

Objective: The present epidemiological study was conducted with the objectives of providing an insight into the current use of antidiabetic medications to diabetics and hypertensive diabetics in urban areas and determining how the patient factors influence the prescribing of antidiabetic medications. Methodology: Data of patients of past two years were collected from Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh. The details were entered in the structured patient profile form. Data were statistically analyzed using the Microsoft Excel 2007 software. Result: A total of 958 patient’s data were collected and analyzed of which 632 (65.97 %) were males and 326 (34.03 %) were females. These patients were further categorized based on their age. 330 patients (34.45 %) belonged to the age group 20 – 44 years, 504 (52.61 %) to the age group 45 – 65 years and 124 (12.94 %) to the age group 65 – 80 years. 684 (71.4%) patients out of the 958 patients studied were suffering from coexisting hypertension. Co-existing hypertension was found to be more prevalent in the age group 45 – 65 years (67.69%) and was found more in females (84.04%). Conclusion: Metformin was the oral hypoglycemic which was the highest prescribed. In hypertensive diabetics Metformin and Pioglitazone were most frequently prescribed drugs. Biguanides and Insulin were the most commonly prescribed antidiabetics. A combination of two or more drugs of different classes was prescribed to hypertensive diabetics. It is necessary to have an improved understanding of the etiology and pathophysiology of diabetes to focus on research efforts appropriately.

scholarly journals Tinea pedis: a clinico mycological study

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 323
Author(s):  
Balakrishnan Thenmozhi Priya ◽  
Chellam Janaki
Keyword(s):  
Tinea Pedis ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
General Distribution ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
Complete Physical Examination ◽  
Local Examination

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> To study the varied clinical presentations, the predominant etiological agent and incidence of tinea pedis in relation to sex, age group, occupation and aggravating factors among the patients. Also an attempt was made to know if any significant association is there with blood group and the occurrence of tinea pedis.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A study was conducted among 75 patients who attended Mycology clinic in tertiary care hospital. Detailed history was taken along with complete physical examination and local examination. All cases of tinea pedis were first confirmed by KOH examination. Isolation of the agent was done in Modified SDA medium with cycloheximide. Differentiation of the species was done by culturing on corn meal agar.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Prevalence of tinea pedis infection was more common among males with male: female ratio of 2.26:1. The 21- 30 years age group was commonly affected by tinea pedis. The distribution of blood groups reflected the general distribution pattern of the population. Culture positivity was recorded in 81.3%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> More incidences of bilateral involvement and recurrent episodes were noted among the shoe wearing population than in the non-shoe wearing population. Any patients diagnosed with tinea pedis should be screened for diabetes as implied by the outcome of the study. Infected toe nails may be the site of primary infection and fungal disease can spread to other body areas from these primary sites. <em>Trichophyton rubrum</em> happened to be the chief isolate. <br /><br /></p>

scholarly journals A PROSPECTIVE STUDY ON SEIZURES AMONG PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-64
Author(s):  
Srenivas. A ◽  
Sathiya Suresh
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Neonatal Seizures ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Pediatric Age Group ◽  
Female Male Female ◽  
A Prospective Study

Seizures represent signal of neurological disease in the newborn period and these convulsive phenomena are the most frequent of the overt manifestation of neonatal neurological disorders.. The objective of this study was to study the incidence of pediatrics (0-12 years) seizures. To study the etiology and pattern of seizures. Methods: 200 Subjects who had seizures were included in the study. Relevant history was ascertained from a patient’s parents or a reliable relative or attendant, medical records and the referring physicians note, specifically from mother in case of neonatal seizures i.e. age at onset of seizures, seizure activity with special emphasis on occurrence of 1st seizures, duration of seizures, number and type of seizures, associated autonomic changes, medications required to control seizures, response time to medications, and possible causes for determination of etiology. A detailed antenatal, natal and postnatal history was taken. Results: Out of 200 study subjects 35.89% were in neonatal age group, of which 64.10% and 35.90% were male and female respectively and 64.11%. out of neonatal seizures, 64.10% neonates were male and 35.90% were female. Male: Female ratio was 1.79:1. The seizures were common in male neonates. Subtle seizures were the commonest type of seizures observed both in term and preterm neonates. Conclusions: The various types of seizure were compared with the preterm and term neonates and it was found statistically significant

scholarly journals Clinico-epidemiological study of leprosy from a North Indian tertiary care hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 518
Author(s):  
Mohammad Adil ◽  
Syed Suhail Amin ◽  
Mohd Mohtashim ◽  
Sabha Mushtaq ◽  
Mehtab Alam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Lepromatous Leprosy ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Female Ratio ◽  
One Year ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Leprosy was eliminated as a public health problem in India in 2005. Yet, more than 60% of all new cases of leprosy are reported from India.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A retrospective analysis of the records of patients attending the leprosy clinic of the Dermatology Out Patient Department was done for a period of one year from May 2017 to April 2018. The data was analysed for clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the patients.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> A total of 225 patients visited the leprosy clinic during the study period. Almost half of all patients (47.1%) were aged between 21-40 years. Among the patients were 32 children (14.2%) below 16 years. There were 60 patients (26.6%) suffering from paucibacillary disease and 158 patients (70.2%) had multibacillary disease. Seven patients (3.2%) presented with other forms of leprosy like historic leprosy and pure neuritic leprosy. Borderline lepromatous leprosy was found to be the commonest subtype seen in 86 patients (38.2%). There were 152 males (67.6%) and 73 females (32.4%). The male female ratio was 2.08:1. A total of 118 patients (52.4%) were from rural background and 107 (47.6%) hailed from urban areas. Multibacillary disease was seen in 83.6% of the total females compared to 63.8% of males.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Leprosy may be down but is not yet out. The high proportion of children diagnosed with leprosy is a warning regarding the active transmission of the disease in the community. Continued efforts are required to prevent the disease from making a resurgence.</p>

scholarly journals Clinical Variables Responsible for Early and Late Diagnosis of Foreign Body Aspiration in Pediatrics age Group

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarth Goyal ◽  
Shubhika Jain ◽  
Guruprasad Rai ◽  
Rajkamal Vishnu ◽  
Ganesh Sevagur Kamath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Main Complaint

Abstract Background Incidence of foreign body aspiration ( FBA ) has been noticed maximally in age group ranging from 12 months-3 years. Foreign body in the trachea is a medical emergency as presentation is of respiratory distress. Obstruction of only one main or distal bronchus, leads to severe cough, choking sensation and breathlessness. Without early intervention it can lead to collapse, consolidation and pneumonia of the affected lung. Methods We retrospectively analysed 37 pediatric case records who presented from January 2014-December 2018 with FBA. Our primary aim was to assess the parameters responsible for early and late diagnosis of FBA. We concluded with a diagnostic algorithm for management of FBA on the basis of this outcomes. Results Around 32.5% came with a history of aspiration, 43% were referred from primary centers with a suspicion for the same and the rest came our tertiary care hospital directly. Those who presented within a week came with complaints of wet cough, wheeze and tachypnea where as those who came in after a week had dry cough and fever as their main complaint. Majority of ingested foreign body was vegetative type (80%) as compared to the non -vegetative material (20%). Conclusion Unlike adults, FBA in children is most commonly diagnosed on history, suspicion and clinical findings. Chest x ray has been the primary investigation of choice but in majority of the cases it was normal with subtle changes. Early diagnosis is the key to avoid complication.

scholarly journals Clinical Variables Responsible for Early and Late Diagnosis of Foreign Body Aspiration in Pediatrics Age Group

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samarth Goyal ◽  
Shubhika Jain ◽  
Guruprasad Rai ◽  
Rajkamal Vishnu ◽  
Ganesh Sevagur Kamath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Body ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
Foreign Body Aspiration ◽  
Late Diagnosis ◽  
Medical Emergency ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Main Complaint

Abstract Background: Incidence of foreign body aspiration has been noticed predominantly in age group ranging from 12 months-3 years. Foreign body in the trachea is a medical emergency as presentation is in respiratory distress. Obstruction of only one main or distal bronchus, leads to severe cough, choking sensation and breathlessness. Without early intervention, it can lead to collapse, consolidation and pneumonia of the affected lung. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 37 pediatric case records who presented from January 2014-December 2018 with foreign body aspiration. Our primary aim was to assess the parameters responsible for early and late diagnosis of foreign body aspiration. We concluded with a diagnostic algorithm for management of foreign body aspiration on the basis of this outcome.Results: Around 32.5% came with a history of aspiration, 43% were referred from the primary centers with a suspicion for the same and the rest came to our tertiary care hospital directly. Those who presented within a week came with complaints of wet cough, wheeze and tachypnea. Furthermore, those who came in after a week had a dry cough and fever as their main complaint. Majority of ingested foreign bodies was a vegetative type (80%) as compared to the non –vegetative.Conclusion: Unlike adults, foreign body aspiration in children is most commonly diagnosed on history, suspicion and clinical findings. Chest x ray has been the primary investigation of choice but in the majority of the cases it was normal with subtle changes. Early diagnosis is the key to avoid complication.

A Study of Clinical Profile of Thyroid Disorders in Children in A Tertiary Care Hospital, Kurnool

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 966-970
Author(s):  
Vedartham Ramesh ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Prevalence Rate ◽  
Thyroid Dysfunction ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Free T3

Background: Thyroid hormone abnormalities are the commonest endocrine disorder in India and also the commonest preventable cause of mental retardation, so we want to determine the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in children at kurnool district. Materials and Methods: A hospital based prospective observational study performed in new born and children below 18 years fulfilling the inclusion criteria visiting the pediatric OPD and IPD in Viswabharathi medical college, Kurnool if they had clinical suspicion of thyroid dysfunction. If suspicion of hypothyroidism, Free T4, Total T4, TSH levels and if suspicion of hyperthyroidism Free T3 and TSH were done. Results: Out of 70 case 3 cases (4.3%) are hyperthyroidism and 67 cases (95.7%) are hypothyroidism in these 3 (4.3%) cases had family history of thyroid disorders, male to female ratio was 1.3:6 and prevalence rate was high in the age group of 10 - 12 years 32.9% (23 cases). 13 (18.6%) cases had thyroid enlargement and 48 (68.57%) cases had anaemia. Treatment was started according to standard guidelines. Conclusion: The higher prevalence rate of thyroid disorders in childhood that to in female children and age group of 10 - 12 years in and around kurnool. Hence, screening of all new-borns and children should be mandatory as early diagnosis and treatment helps in prevention of complications of thyroid disorders. KEY WORDS: Free T3, Free T4, Goiter, Hyperthyroidism, Hypothyroidism, and Thyroid stimulating hormone.

scholarly journals Childhood Neurocysticersosis: A Rural Teaching Hospital Experience

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Arjun Sakha Bhalla ◽  
Baljeet Maini ◽  
Bablu Kumar Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Stage Ii ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Multiple Lesions ◽  
Serological Data ◽  
Single Lesion

Introduction: Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is caused by the larval stage of Taenia Solium. Neurocysticercosis is the most common cause of acquired epilepsy in developing countries. In India NCC has been identified as a significant cause of seizures. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 150 children of NCC up to 18 years of age in a tertiary care hospital. The diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory/ radiological evaluation of the patients. Socio-clinical, radiological and serological data of the patients were analysed. Results: A total of 150 children were enrolled in this study. The commonest age group of the cases in this study was six to 10 years. Male to female ratio was 1.8:1. The largest percentage of cases belonged to upper lower class (56%) and lowest was 4% in upper class. Sixty percent subjects were non vegetarian. Seizures were the most common presentation (96%). Headache was present in 44% cases. Single lesion was commonest type of lesion on radiological examination with frontal cortex as most commonly involved area of brain. Stage II NCC was commonest type of lesion on MRI. EEG was abnormal in 38% cases. Serum ELISA for cysticercosis was positive in 10% cases. Number of lesions was not associated with age group, type of seizure or any particular area of brain. Conclusion: Stage II NCC the commonest type of NCC. Single lesion NCC was more common than multiple lesions. All cases with atypical presentation and positive ELISA had multiple lesions. Frontal portion of cortex was most commonly involved.

scholarly journals Prevalence of protein energy malnutrition among children: a cross sectional study

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Venkatesha K. R. ◽  
R. Ravikumar Naik
Keyword(s):  
Protein Energy Malnutrition ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Global Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Protein Energy

Background: In the world, hunger and malnutrition are most significant threat. Malnutrition is global risk factor for significant death among infants and pregnant woman. malnutrition increases the chances of several infections.Methods: A cross sectional study was undertaken in children age group of 1 to 18 years, suffering from protein energy malnutrition, attending Department of Paediatrics, tertiary care hospital, Bangalore during the period January 2016 to December 2016. Results: In the present study, maximum number of cases (44) belongs to age group of 1-5 years, followed by 32 cases belongs to 6-12-year age group and 24 cases belong to 13-18-year age group. Maximum cases (59) belongs to female with male female ratio is 1:1.4. In the present study out of 100 cases, 81 cases came positive for protein energy malnutrition. Out of 81 cases positive for PEM, 34 cases belong to grade I followed by 24 cases belongs to grade II, 13 cases belong to grade III and 1o cases belongs to grade IV protein-energy malnutrition (PEM).Conclusions: Malnutrition is like an iceberg, most people in the developing countries live under the burden of malnutrition.

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