scholarly journals Level of Knowledge Regarding Water and Sanitation among Women of Biratnagar

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 58-63
Author(s):  
Durga Devi Chaulagain ◽  
Kamal Prasad Parajuli
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Sample Collection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Water Borne

Background: Clean and safe water is one of the basic needs of human beings. Inaccessibility to this and poor sanitation leads to various water borne diseases, gastro enteropathy and under nutrition. In Nepal, only 39% of total population have access to improved sanitation and 38.4% of people defecate in open airs. So the objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledgeand practices regarding safe drinking water and sanitation among women. Materials and methods: A descript cross-sectional research design was adopted for the study. A convenient sampling technique was used for sample collection. A self-designed structured questionnaire along with face to face interview was to evaluate the knowledge. Data were analysed by using descriptive as well as inferential statistics to find out association betweenlevels of knowledge of safe drinking water. Result: The findings showed that among 75 participants, 44% had adequate knowledge, 45.3% had moderate knowledge and 10.7% had inadequate knowledge regarding safe water and sanitation. In this study most ofthe respondents,ie 45.3% had moderate knowledge. Conclusion: The research findings concluded that most of the participants had moderate knowledge about safe drinkingwater and sanitation. Thus, the author feels community mass health education is required in this community to prevent water borne diseases.

scholarly journals Access to Safe Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene: A Cross-Sectional Study among the Maasai in Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (4) ◽  
pp. 1535-1539
Author(s):  
Boniphace Jacob ◽  
Method Kazaura
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene

ABSTRACTSafe water supply, sanitation, and hygiene (WaSH) are among key components to prevent and control waterborne diseases such as cholera, schistosomiasis, and other gastrointestinal morbidities in the community. In 2018, there was cholera outbreak in Ngorongoro district that was fueled by inadequate and unsafe water as well as poor sanitation and hygiene. We used an analytical cross-sectional study first to determine the proportion of households with access to WaSH and second to assess factors associated with coverage of household’s access to WaSH. Methods included interviewing heads of the household to assess the availability of safe drinking water, use of unshared toilet/latrine by household members only, and the availability of functional handwashing facility. Eight percent of households had access to WaSH. Access to household’s WaSH was positively associated with household’s monthly income, education of heads of the household, and water use per person per week. To control water-related morbidities, there is a need to improve access to reliable safe drinking water, expand alternatives of households to earn more incomes, and enhance proper sanitation and hygiene services to rural areas and marginalized groups like the Maasai of Ngorongoro in Tanzania.

scholarly journals Practice of personal hygiene among rural women of a selected community in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-31
Author(s):  
Khondker Saif Imtiaz ◽  
Khadiza Begum ◽  
Nilufar Begum ◽  
Samiha Naureen ◽  
Jony Barua ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dry Food

Background : Good health is a marker of good economic status of a nation. Personal hygiene should be maintained first for obtaining great accuracy in work, low suffering from diseases and to reduce possibility of diseases.Objective : This study was undertaken to assess practice of personal hygiene among rural women of a selected community in Bangladesh.Materials & Methods : A descriptive type of cross sectional study was conducted during March–June 2012. 150 women of various ages selected from Garibpur and Tangurpur villages of Jessore District to assess two basic components of personal hygiene, hand washing and safe drinking water. Non probability convenient sampling technique was followed and data were collected by face to face interview using pre tested, self administered, semi structured questionnaire.Results : The mean age of the respondents was 33 years. Regarding educational qualification, 87.33% were educated in different levels and 12.67% were illiterate. Occupational status revealed majority (74.67%) of them were housewives. Regarding economic condition, most (60%) of the respondents had family income <10,000 Taka. In this study, majority (87.34%) had practiced hand washing before eating. Among them on taking different types of food (86.26%) practiced hand washing before taking meals only 13.74% before taking breakfast and none of the respondents washed hands before taking any dry food. Majority (95.34%) practiced hand washing after defecation, among them (82%) used soap, 16% used ash and 2% used soil after defecation. In this study, majority (90.67%) used tube well which was not marked red, 6% used pond and 3.33% used river as their source of drinking water.Conclusion : Good practice of personal hygiene and use of safe drinking water has significant importance to lead a healthy life, the villagers of Bangladesh should be well motivated regarding this aspect by regular health education programmes.Northern International Medical College Journal Vol.6(1) 2014: 29-31

scholarly journals Knowledge and Practice of Drinking Safe Water Among the Community People of Horintana, Khulna

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-109
Author(s):  
F Ferdaus
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Community People ◽  
Tube Well ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Water Borne

Background: Water is basic human right, most precious resource for economy and health. Drinking water and sanitation is a fundamental health service. The health of a person largely depends on its quality and quantity of safe water. Water must be safe and wholesome. But unfortunately the problem of water pollution has now become a burning question. Objective: To explore the knowledge and practice of drinking safe water among the community people. Method: This was a descriptive type of cross-sectional study conducted at Horintana, Khulna, during the period from January 2018 to April 2018 to assess the Knowledge and practice of drinking safe water among the villagers. The respondents were adult population of the community. Result: Most of the respondents were in 30-44 years age group, (53.64%) and 15-29 years age group (31.36%). Majority of the respondents were female (84.55%). Majority of villagers drank tube well water (93.64%). 81.36% of the respondents knew about safe sources of drinking water. 14 (6.36%) respondents, who used water other than tube well water applied purification methods. A large portion of respondents (14.09%) did not know about the water borne diseases. Among the water borne diseases they had suffered,most prevalent diseases were diarrheal diseases (57.63%) and parasitic infestations (16.66%). In most cases, treatment providers were MBBS doctors (64.23%). Conclusion: In conclusion, the study revealed that the knowledge and practice of safe drinking water among the rural people is now satisfactory. But the matter of great sorrow is that, the socio-economic condition and educational status of people is hampering towards the good health. Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 10, No. 2: July 2019, P 105-109

scholarly journals Exploring the correlation between COVID-19 fatalities and poor WASH (Water, Sanitation and Hygiene) services

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godfred Amankwaa ◽  
Christian Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Wash Water ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation ◽  
Safe Water ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
Poor Access

AbstractAccess to safe Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) services have been recognized as a highly precautionary measure essential to protecting human health during this COVID-19 outbreak. However, it is currently unknown whether poor or non-availability of these services are also closely related to COVID-19 fatalities. We analysed the latest data on COVID-19 fatality rates in Sub Saharan Africa with indicators of safe water and sanitation governance to test this hypothesis. We found a strong correlation between a higher case fatality rate and poorer access to safe drinking water as well as safe sanitation. The Pearson correlation is stronger for access to safe sanitation (−0.30) compared to access to safe drinking water (−0.20). The Chad, Niger and Sierra Leone were amongst the countries with the highest fatality rates (>6.0) and also had particularly poor access to safe drinking water (<34%) and safe sanitation (<22%). The hypothesis of an association between COVID-19 fatalities and poor access to water and sanitation was confirmed by this study. However, our analysis does not establish causality. Given the increase spread of COVID-19 and related deaths, this analysis serves as an important reminder that safe water and sanitation services are key for public health interventions and highlights the need to prioritise this sector in all economies.

Nurse’s knowledge and Awareness Regarding Cervical Cancer and its Prevention in Different Hospitals of Quetta, Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 436-441
Author(s):  
Saba Haider ◽  
Noman Ul Haq ◽  
Sohail Riaz ◽  
Aqeel Nasim ◽  
Muhammad Saood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Knowledge Score ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adequate Knowledge ◽  
Current Area ◽  
One Year

Objective: This study aimed to assess the knowledge and awareness regarding cervical cancer and its prevention among nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta, Pakistan. Methodology: The cross sectional, descriptive study was conducted by using structured questionnaire in different hospitals of Quetta from January to September 2016. Convenient sampling technique was applied by targeting all the nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta city. Study questionnaire was developed and tested for validity and reliability. Descriptive and inferential statistics (Mann Whitney U test and Kruskal Wallis tests, p<0.05) were used to assess the significance among study variables and were performed by using IBM SPSS v.20. Results: Out of 415 distributed questionnaires 324 were returned (response rate of 78%). The mean Age of respondents was 28.18 ±9.5 years. Majority (n=127, 43.3%) of participants were interns and had no or less than one year of experience (n=128, 43.7%) with negative family history of any cancer (n=275, 93.9%). Mean knowledge score was 18.52±4.84with majority (n=258, 88.1%) had adequate knowledge regarding cervical cancer. Respondent sage, current area of practice, qualification, Institute of degree and past family history were contributing factors (p > 0.05) in adequate knowledge in this study. The results also reviled that not only 68.3% (n=200) and 65.5% (n=192) respondents knew that cervical cancer is vaccine preventable and availability of the vaccine for it. Conclusions: Nurses working in different hospitals of Quetta city had better understanding of the disease cervical cancer and its prevention. Yet many of the respondent are not aware of it vaccine and its availability.

scholarly journals Inequalities in access to safe drinking water in Peruvian households according to city size: an analysis from 2008 to 2018

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram Hernández-Vasquéz ◽  
Carlos Rojas-Roque ◽  
Denise Marques Sales ◽  
Marilina Santero ◽  
Guido Bendezu-Quispe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
City Size ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Latin American Region

Abstract Background Peru is one of the countries with the lowest percentage of population with access to safe drinking water in the Latin American region. This study aimed to describe and estimate, according to city size, socioeconomic inequalities in access to safe drinking water in Peruvian households from 2008 to 2018. Methods Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data using data from the 2008–2018 ENAHO survey. Access to safe drinking water, determined based on the presence of chlorinated water supplied by the public network, as well as socioeconomic variables were analyzed. A trend analysis from 2008 to 2018, and comparisons between 2008 versus 2018 were performed to understand and describe changes in access to safe drinking water, according to city size. Concentration curves and Erreygers concentration index (ECI) were estimated to measure inequalities in access to safe drinking water. Results In 2008, 47% of Peruvian households had access to safe drinking water, increasing to 52% by 2018 (p for trend < 0.001). For small cities, access to safe drinking water did not show changes between 2018 and 2008 (difference in proportions − 0.2 percentage points, p = 0.741); however, there was an increase in access to safe drinking water in medium (difference in proportions 3.3 percentage points, p < 0.001) and large cities (difference in proportions 12.8 percentage points, p < 0.001). The poorest households showed a decreasing trend in access to safe drinking water, while the wealthiest households showed an increasing trend. In small cities, socioeconomic inequalities showed an increase between 2008 and 2018 (ECI 0.045 and 0.140, p < 0.001), while in larger cities, socioeconomic inequality reduced in the same period (ECI: 0.087 and 0.018, p = 0.036). Conclusions We report a widening gap in the access to safe drinking water between the wealthiest and the poorest households over the study period. Progress in access to safe drinking water has not been equally distributed throughout the Peruvian population. Promoting and supporting effective implementation of policies and strategies to safe drinking water, including equity-oriented infrastructure development and resource allocation for most vulnerable settings, including emerging small cities, is a priority.

scholarly journals The association between the lack of safe drinking water and sanitation facilities with intestinal Entamoeba spp infection risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. e0237102
Author(s):  
Hamid Atabati ◽  
Hamid Kassiri ◽  
Ehsan Shamloo ◽  
Mitra Akbari ◽  
Ali Atamaleki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Infection Risk ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water And Sanitation

scholarly journals FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERHUBUNGAN DENGAN KEJADIAN DIARE PADA ANAK USIA 4-6 TAHUN

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 28
Author(s):  
Selviana Selviana ◽  
Elly Trisnawati ◽  
Sitti Munawarah
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Random Sampling ◽  
Water Storage ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Microbial Quality ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chi Square Test

Abstract: Factors Related To Occurrence Of Diarrhea In 4-6 Year Children. Diarrhea cases in 4-6-year-old children in Desa Kalimas raised annually, from 10% in 2013 to 33% in 2014, and 35% in 2015. This study aimed at factors related to diarrhea cases in 4-6-year-old children in Desa Kalimas Kecamatan Sungai Kakap. Cross Sectional approach was used forty one sample participated in this study. They were selected by using proportional random sampling technique. The data analysis using chi-square test with a 95% confidence level. The study revealed significant correlation of hand washing (p = 0,043 ; PR = 2,175), microbial quality of drinking water storage (p = 0,016 ; PR = 1,462), availability of family latrine (p = 0,003 ; PR = 3,242), and diarrhea cases. There was no significant correlation between diarrhea cases are the habit of boiling water with the microbial quality of drinking water, the source of water for washing cutlery, and microbial of drinking water, (p > 0,05). It is hoped health authorized staffs in Desa Kalimas apply community- based total sanitation, enhance clean and healthy behaviour, and socialize healthy drinking water storage based on Regulation of Minister of Healthy No. 3/2014.Abstrak: Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Dengan Kejadian Diare Pada Anak Usia 4-6 Tahun. Angka kejadian diare pada anak usia 4-6 tahun di Desa Kalimas mengalami peningkatan setiap tahunnya. Tahun 2013 kejadian diare sebesar 10%, tahun 2014 sebesar 33% dan 35% pada tahun 2015. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada anak usia 4-6 tahun di Desa Kalimas Kecamatan Sungai Kakap. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel  45 orang yang diambil menggunakan teknik proportional random sampling. Uji statistik yang digunakan uji chi-square dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara kebiasaan mencuci tangan dengan diare (p = 0,043; PR = 2,175), penyimpanan air minum dengan kualitas mikrobiologi air minum (p = 0,016; PR = 1,462), ketersediaan jamban keluarga dengan diare (p = 0,003; PR = 3,242). Variabel yang tidak berhubungan yaitu kebiasaan memasak air dengan kualitas mikrobiologi air minum, sumber air untuk mencuci alat makan/minum dan kualitas mikrobiologi air minum dengan diare (p ≥ 0,005). Disarankan agar di Desa Kalimas bisa diterapkan program STBM dan peningkatan penerapan PHBS pada masyarakat Desa Kalimas serta mensosialisasikan cara penyimpanan air minum yang baik sesuai dengan Permenkes No 3 tahun 2014.

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