scholarly journals A correlation study of cervical cytology on Pap smear with cervical biopsy in a tertiary hospital of Eastern Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1389-1392
Author(s):  
Nirajan Mainali ◽  
Neha Homagai ◽  
Niraj Nepal ◽  
Prabesh Choudhary
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Correlation Study ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Cervical Biopsy

Background: Carcinoma cervix is among a curable cancer, if identified at an early stage. Pap smear is a simple, safe, noninvasive, outdoor and effective method for detection of lesions of the cervix but it fails to localize the lesion. Cervical biopsy, on the other hand is a gold standard but invasive technique.Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was done in Nobel medical college from January 16, 2017 to January 15, 2018 where all pap smears received in a Department of Pathology were included in the study. However, only cases that had undergone both Pap smear and cervical biopsy were compared. Out of the 1492 pap smears, 118 cases underwent biopsy. Correlation was then done regarding cytological and histological diagnosis.Results: Majority of the cytological findings were normal. 7 patients of HSIL revealed moderate dysplasia and higher lesions in biopsy. 2 cases were that of adenocarcinoma which were diagnosed as inflammatory smear in Pap smear.Conclusion: Cervical Pap smear is reliable screening test to identify high grade squamous cell lesions and carcinoma, but it fails to localize the lesion and adenocarcinoma is hard to identify in a pap smear. Hence, cervical biopsy should be carried out to confirm the findings of Pap smear and in case of strong clinical suspicion.

scholarly journals Why women with advanced carcinoma cervix do not seek medical help early: a tertiary hospital based Indian study

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Aastha Raheja ◽  
Krishna Agarwal ◽  
Anoosha K. Ravi
Keyword(s):  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Histopathological Diagnosis ◽  
Carcinoma Cervix ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Advanced Carcinoma

Background: Cervical cancer is a disease which claims maximum number of deaths in developing countries. Objective of this study was to understand the reason for delayed approach to medical help in women with advanced carcinoma cervix.Methods: It was a cross-sectional study. Information obtained from women with carcinoma cervix clinical stage IIb and above with proven histopathological diagnosis was recorded in the predetermined format.Results: Almost all the subjects were illiterate and were from lower socioeconomic strata and rural areas. None of them knew about the disease and its symptomatology. About 82% of the patients were symptomatic since 5-10 years however took no medical care during the period and 2/3rd of them even did not reveal their problem to any of the family members. About 79% of the subjects had never used any contraception and none had knowledge about its role in preventing infection. Majority of them (98%) had no idea about the role of PAP smear in screening carcinoma cervix. All of them said if they had knowledge about the disease, they would have sought medical help much earlier.Conclusions: The most important reason for delayed approach in our study was found to be lack of knowledge about the disease. Therefore, till such time that we have national screening program in place, these women who are at high risk of developing carcinoma of cervix should be targeted and educated through mass media so that these women could seek medical help in early stages.

scholarly journals Significance of Reporting Cannon Balls in Diagnosing Bacterial Vaginosis Infection in PAP Smear

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
Kricha Pande ◽  
Shraddha Koirala ◽  
Astha Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
One Year

Bacterial vaginosis is the most common cause of vaginitis. It is caused by depopulation of lactobacilli from the normal vaginal flora and overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis and other anaerobic species. Pap smear being a screening and diagnostic tool for malignancy, is equally important to diagnose infective pathology as well. This study tried to establish the significance of reporting the presence of cannon balls in Pap smears and whether their presence suggested bacterial vaginosis or not. This was a cross sectional study conducted at Nepal Medical College, Teaching Hospital (NMCTH), Kathmandu for duration of one year (January 2020 to December 2020). Pap smears were sent from gynaecology department and standard routine Pap stain was done in Pathology Department. Presence of bacterial vaginosis and cannon balls were noted. Total of 799 Pap smears were received. The mean age of bacterial vaginosis was 38.2 ± 9.6 years. The age group of 31-40 years (n=32, 39%) was most commonly affected. Bacterial vaginosis was seen in 81 pap smears out of 799 pap smears. The prevalence of bacterial vaginosis was 10.1%. Of the total of 799 cases of Pap smears, cannon balls were seen in 9.1% cases and among the bacterial vaginosis, cannon balls were seen in 48% cases. There was significant association between cannonballs and bacterial vaginosis (p < 0.0001). Thus, the present study re-enforces the fact that Pap smear is also very effective tool to diagnose bacterial vaginosis.

scholarly journals Present potential of exfoliative cytology in detection of cervix cancer

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Sushila Jain ◽  
Anuj Paudel ◽  
S K Jain
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cell ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Cervical Screening ◽  
National Policy ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pap Smears ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Epithelial Lesions

  Introduction: Conventional Pap smear is the mainstay for cervical cancer screening in developing countries and women should be motivated for cervical screening program to detect early dysplastic cells. This study was carried out to find out the prevalence of abnormalities in Pap smears, particularly pattern of epithelial cell abnormality in women attending Lumbini Medical College in western Nepal.   Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out and 1066 Pap smears were studied to look for epithelial cell abnormality according to revised Bethesda system 2001.   Results: Out of 1066 patients who underwent Pap smear examination, 71 (6.6%) revealed epithelial cell abnormality; most were low grade squamous intra-epithelial lesions (LSIL) occupying 4.59% at the age between 23 to 29 years. Squamous cell carcinoma was found in 0.37 % of patients at the age 40 years and above. In our scenario, per vaginal discharge was the major finding of the patients who showed premalignant features.   Conclusions: Women above 40 years are at a risk of premalignant as well as malignant lesions and these women should undergo screening for abnormal cells at the age of 18 or when sexual activity starts and as per recommendations to look for early dysplastic cells. Cervical screening program should be motivated by the national policy makers and also by health professionals.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge regarding Nipah virus infection among physicians in a selected tertiary hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 5771
Author(s):  
Shajeda Azizi ◽  
Khursheda Akhtar ◽  
Shahidullah Azizi ◽  
M. Kariul Islam ◽  
Sajidul Huq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nipah Virus ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Good Knowledge ◽  
Severe Illness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Level Of Significance ◽  
The Right

Background: Human Nipah virus (NiV) infection is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the NiV resulting in severe illness in humans. The physicians can represent a lead role in disease prevention if they have the right knowledge regarding disease. This study aimed to state the assessment of knowledge regarding NiV infection among physicians in a selected tertiary hospital, Rangpur, Bangladesh.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 211 physicians in Rangpur Medical College and Hospital by pretested structured questionnaire, from January 2020 to December 2020, using a convenient sampling method. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews.Results: The majority of the respondents (69%) were within the 21 to 25 years of age group, mean age was 25±2.9 years where 54% of respondents were female. A questionnaire was comprised of 87 questions regarding knowledge on NiV infection. The findings revealed that 19% had good knowledge, 50% had fair and about 31% had poor level of knowledge regarding NiV infection. Among the respondents, 83% mentioned lack of awareness as a barrier regarding the prevention of NiV infection. Inferential statistics were done at a 95% confidence interval and 5% level of significance. Those who were aged between 21 to 25 years had significantly good knowledge than those who were more than 26 years of age (p=0.002).Conclusions: This study concludes that knowledge of the physicians on NiV infection was at a fair or average level. There is a dire need for the routine integration of the awareness and safety precaution practice among the physicians.

scholarly journals An Audit of Rational Use of Antibiotics in a Tertiary Hospital

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanzima Begum ◽  
Md Ismail Khan ◽  
Shamima Kawser ◽  
Md Ehsanul Huq ◽  
Nadira Majid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Rational Use Of Antibiotics

Background: Drug can cure ailment when used rationally on the other hand they may become harmful or even may threaten a life when used irrationally. Absence of guidelines for antibiotic use, protocols for rational therapeutics and infection control committees, have led to overuse and misuse of antimicrobials even in different specialized units in hospitals. Objective: The study has been designed to get a picture of use of antibiotics in a tertiary care hospital of Bangladesh. Materials and method: Cross sectional study was conducted in the department of Medicine of Sir Salimullah Medical College and Mitford Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh, for 3 months from 1st January 2009 to 31st March 2009. Admitted patients of Medicine unit-1 who got antibiotics were included in the study. Total number of patients was 1563. Results: Five hundred out of 1563 patients were prescribed antibiotics (38%). Out of 500 prescriptions, 68(14%) prescriptions were found irrational. Conclusion: Continuous surveillance should be carried out to reduce the irrational use of antibiotics. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v2i2.20526 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2014; 2(2): 64-67

scholarly journals Correlation of pap smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopatholgiocal report in a group of patient attending in a tertiary hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
Suraiya Parvin ◽  
Nazneen Kabir ◽  
Yeasmin Samad Lipe ◽  
Khaleda Nasreen ◽  
KM Nurul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Pap Smear ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cervical Cytology ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Abnormal Cervical Cytology ◽  
One Year ◽  
Colposcopy Clinic

Objective: To correlate Pap’s smear and colposcopic finding of cervix with histopathological report of abnormal area of cervix in a group of patient attending a tertiary hospital. Methods: It was a cross-sectional prospective study done in one year period from January to December 2007 in Colposcopy Clinic of Institute of Child and Maternal Health (ICMH) Hospital, Dhaka. The study carried out including fifty two female patients having clinically unhealthy cervices as in the form of hypertrophy, erosion, congestion or bleeds on touch or having positive pap smear found during P/V or P/S examination, attending gynaecology out patient department of ICMH Hospital after fulfilling all the inclusion criteria. Result: The present study showed a correlation between cervical cytology and colposcopically directed biopsy, the correlation was accurate within one grade in 39 of 51 cases (76.16%) (as cytology was not done in one case). Other studies showed cytologic accuracy (within one level of histologic finding) to about 83% and 88% cases. Conclusion: The study done here shows excellent correlation between findings of colposcopy with that of histopathology of guided biopsy. It also confirms the diagnostic value of colposcopy in the management of women with abnormal cervical cytology with squamous atypia. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jdmc.v22i1.15604 J Dhaka Medical College, Vol. 22, No. 1, April, 2013, Page 39-44

scholarly journals Attitude of Non-Psychiatry Residents towards Psychiatry: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Tushar Agravat
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychiatry Residents ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Graduate ◽  
Medical College

Background and Aim: The attitude of Non Psychiatry Post Graduate Residents towards Psychiatry is crucially important because of its influence on impressionable medical students and the large number of psychiatric patients who present to Non Psychiatry Doctors like General Practitioners. Present study was done with an aim to study the Non-Psychiatric Doctor Attitude towards Psychiatry. Material and Methods: Present study was Conducted at two Major Institute: K. M School Post-Graduate medicine and Research and B.J. Medical College at Ahmedabad, Gujarat. At Both Institute Psychiatric lectures during   1st MBBS, lectures on Psychiatry during final MBBS and 2 week clinical rotation during final MBBS. Modified version of attitude towards Psychiatry questionnaire (Nielsen and Eaton, 1981) was the study instrument. The non- Psychiatry post-graduate students were asked to fill the Questionnaire. Questionnaire consists of 21 statements to be responded with one of the three alternate responses- Agree, neutral and disagree. Results: Most P.G. thought that Psychiatry is making advancement and most was positive about psychoanalysis. Only 6.6% of P.G.s thought that Psychiatry is unscientific and inexact. With respect of therapeutic efficacy 83.8% would refer emotionally upset family members for Psychiatry consultation. Psychiatrist were considered as unclear thinker by 8% and overly apologetic in teaching. 40% agreed that psychiatrist tended to over analyze human behaviour.27% of P.G.s thought that on an average psychiatrist make less money than other physician.31% of P.G.s viewed that Psychiatry status as low compared to other specialties. 47% agreed that Psychiatry are often rightly seen by others as odd, peculiar and emotionally disturb them. Conclusion: Non Psychiatry Post-Graduates at a tertiary hospital in Gujarat have a moderately positive attitude to Psychiatry. However some erroneous beliefs are still prevalent among the consultants. The attitude of Non-Psychiatry consultants directly/indirectly affects the development of Psychiatry as a discipline.

scholarly journals Maternal and Fetal Outcome of Eclamptic Patients in a Tertiary Hospital

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rowshan Akhtar ◽  
Afroza Ferdous ◽  
Syeda Nurjahan Bhuiyan
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Socioeconomic Condition ◽  
Medical College

Objective: To study on clinical profile & maternal - fetal outcome of eclamptic patient.Methods: A prospective cross sectional study was done in the department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology in Chittagong Medical College and Hospital from January to December 2010. All patients with eclampsia were included in the study, it was 416. Patients came with convulsion  other than eclampsia e.g. epilepsy, malaria, septicemia, meningitis, encephalitis, cerebral haemorrage, high fever, hepatic coma were excluded.Main outcome measures: Incidence of eclampsia, sociodemographic status, ante natal  care, time interval between attack and admission, level of consciousness was assessed by AVPU(Alert, response to voice, response to pain stimuli, Unconsciousness) score, types of eclampsia patients (antepartum,intrapartum,postpartum), number of convulsion, gestational age distribution of the patients, mode of delivery , maternal and fetal outcome.Results: Total number of deliveries during this period was 13,635. The incidence of eclampsia in this study was 3.05 %. Among 416 patients with eclampsia most of the patients were between 20-25 years (77%), a large number were primi para (72.5%), most of them comes from rural area (76%), most of them belongs to poor socioeconomic condition (72%), 49% patients were illiterate, 60 % patients had no antenatal check up, 52 % patients came after 6 hours of beginning of convulsion, 18 patients (4%) were unconscious, most of the patients had antepartum eclampsia (64%) , number of convulsion was between 5-9 in about 58% case , 63% were delivered by LSCS, 23% mother showed complications of eclampsia, of them pulmonary oedema (7.45%)  and renal failure(6.49%) were common, 35 (8%) mothers were died. Among perinatal mortality 18% baby were stillbirth and 9% were early neonatal death.Conclusion: Eclampsia is still a major killer disease in Bangladesh. It is a preventable  disease if preeclampsia is diagnosed by antenatal care. By giving quality antenatal care, mass awareness regarding the importance of antenatal care, emergency obstetric service in  the upazilla health complex we can prevent eclampsia. Female education, employment,  empowerment is urgently needed to reduce the incidence of this killer diseases. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjog.v26i2.13784 Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2011; Vol. 26(2) : 77-80  

scholarly journals Micro-Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate in Neonatal Sepsis of a Tertiary Hospital: A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (226) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Raja Manandhar ◽  
Rydam Basnet
Keyword(s):  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Sedimentation Rate ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Erythrocyte Sedimentation

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is the most important cause of morbidity and mortality among lowbirth weight and preterm babies in developing countries. The main objective of this study is to findthe level of micro-Erythrocyte sedimentation rate in neonatal sepsis. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at the neonatal unit over six monthsperiod (November 2019 to April 2020). All preterm, term and post-term babies with neonatal sepsisdelivered at Kathmandu Medical College Teaching Hospital were enrolled. Ethical clearance wasreceived from the Institutional Review Committee of Kathmandu Medical College (Ref: 181020191).Convenient sampling method was applied and statistical analysis was done with Statistical packagefor social sciences 19 version. Results: Out of 75 babies, confirm sepsis is 13 (17.3%), probable sepsis is 40 (53.4%) and suspectedsepsis is 22 (29.2%). Micro-Erythrocyte sedimentation level is elevated (≥15mm in 1st hr) in 25 (33.3%)babies with a mean micro-Erythrocyte sedimentation level 9.32±5.4 (2-18) mm in 1st hr. The elevatedmicro- Erythrocyte sedimentation level was seen in relation to sepsis types and C-reactive protein. Conclusions: The bedside micro-Erythrocyte sedimentation level aids in the diagnosis of neonatalsepsis.  

scholarly journals Determinants of treatment adherence among the patients receiving treatment in the ART centre of a tertiary hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, India

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Atanu Biswas ◽  
Asok Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Adherence Level ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Hiv Aids

Background: WHO recommended adherence of 95% or more to antiretroviral therapy for better outcome in terms of general well-being and decreased chance of drug resistance. This study was conducted with the objective of describing the factors associated with adherence pattern to ongoing ART regimens in adults with HIV/AIDS in R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital (RGKMCH), a tertiary hospital in Kolkata, West Bengal, India.Methods: An observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on the adults receiving treatment at the ART centre of R. G. Kar Medical College, Kolkata. Patients above 15 years of age, who received at least one year of treatment before the day of the interview, comprise the study population. Sample size was 279. We tried to find out any association between adherence level and factors like socio-demographic profile, treatment profile, lifestyle pattern etc. applying bivariate analysis, Chi square test, multiple logistic regressions. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS (version 20).Results: Different factors like employment status, monthly income, language of communication, addiction, following advice on food and water intake, side effects from ART were found to be statistically associated with level of adherence among the subjects.Conclusions: Emphasis should be given on thorough counseling of the people with HIV/AIDS so as to motivate them to take medication as advised and to maintain adequate adherence level of therapy improving their general well-being.

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