Analysis of Ear, Nose and Throat Foreign Bodies in Dhulikhel Hospital

Background Foreign body in ear nose and throat are commonly encountered by otolaryngologists, pediatricians and primary care physicians. Objective The aim of this study is to analyze different types of foreign bodies and socio-demographic correlates of self-inflicted foreign body insertion in ear–nose–throat. Method This was a two year hospital based cross sectional descriptive study performed in the Department of ear nose and throat (ENT), Dhulikhel Hospital - Kathmandu University from June 2009 to June 2011 after verification from the Institutional Review Committee. Using a predesigned questionnaire, socio-demographic data was collected prospectively by examining clinically all patients attending with foreign body and interviewing the caregivers of pediatric patients after removal of foreign body. The data collected from 312 patients was entered and analyzed by using descriptive and analytical statistical methods using SPSS version 16.0. Results The mean age was 21.26 years with majority between 0-10 years (50.6%). Male predominance was noted (58.97%). Most patients or caregivers were illiterate (35.1%) or literacy up to primary level(21.12%).Foreign body of the ear was found to be most frequent ( 47.4%) and mostly they were non-living (96.1%). Most patients presented late (80%) and had history of prior attempted removal (67%). Pearsons chi square test between education level and duration of time was significant (p value- 0.0000). One way ANOVA test between type of foreign body and age was significant (p value- 0.001). Conclusion Foreign bodies are common in adult and pediatric ear, nose and throat. They can potentially be associated with significant complications if not taken care of immediately. Kathmandu University Medical Journal | Vol.10 | No. 2 | Issue 38 | Apr – June 2012 | Page 4-8 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v10i2.7334

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Aerodigestive and Ear Foreign Bodies at Lumbini Medical College

Journal of Lumbini Medical College ◽

10.22502/jlmc.v1i1.1 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Anup Acharya ◽

Madan Mohan Singh ◽

Sushil Shah

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Foreign Bodies ◽

Demographic Data ◽

The Elderly ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Medical College ◽

Sociodemographic Correlates ◽

One Year

Introduction: Aerodigestive and Ear foreign bodies are common Ear Nose Throat (ENT) emergencies. They arecommonly encountered by otolaryngologists, paediatricians, and primary care physicians. Objective: The aim ofthis study is to analyze different types of foreign bodies and sociodemographic correlates of self-inflicted foreign body insertion in ear, nose and throat. Method: Seventy-four patients with aerodigestive foreign body coming to our Hospital over a period of one year, starting from January 1, 2012, were enrolled in the study. Hospital based cross sectional descriptive study was done. Socio-demographic data was collected by history and clinical examination of all those patients. The data collected from 74 patients were entered and analyzed using descriptive and analytical statisticalmethods using SPSS version 17.0. Result: There were total of 74 cases of ENT foreign body. Male predominance was noted (61%). Foreign body of ear was found to be most frequent (43%) followed by throat (37%) and nose (20%). Foreign body of nose was almost limited in paediatrics population (14 out of 15) whereas in the elderly group foreign body of throat was only found. Seeds, meat bolus or bone or both, insects and cotton bud were the most common foreign bodies. There was significant relation between the type of foreign body and age (p <0.05) and the living foreign body and ear. Conclusion: Foreign bodies of nose, ear and throat are common in ENT department. They should be timely managed to prevent potential complications.

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Hubungan antara Karakteristik Demografi dan Pengetahuan dengan Self Management Hipertensi Pada Masyarakat Suku Timor: Penelitian Cross sectional

Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES (Journal of Health Research Forikes Voice) ◽

10.33846/sf11305 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 245

Author(s):

Siti Sakinah ◽

Jacob M Ratu ◽

Pius Weraman

Keyword(s):

Family Income ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Education Level ◽

Demographic Characteristics ◽

Self Management ◽

P Value ◽

Tribal Community ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chi Square Test

Introduction: Caring and treatment of hypertension is a long process that requires a strategy in managing the disease, one of which is self management. The purpose of This study was to determine the correlation between Demographic Characteristics and knowledge with Self Management of Hypertension in the Timor tribal community. Methods: This research was a descriptive analytic study with a coros sectional approach conducted on 70 the timor tribal community in the Province of East Nusa Tenggara. The study was conducted in February 2020. Demographic characteristics studied include gender, age, education level, employment and family income. Components of Self Management Hypertension measured include drug swallowing, diet and control of blood pressure. Demographic data, knowledge and Self Management of Hypertension were measured using a questionnaire and analyzed using chi square test using SPSS 21. Results: The demographic characteristics (age and education level) and knowledge correlated positively with self management of hypertension. Age with p value (0,001), while level of education and knowledge with p value (0,000). Conclusions and recommendations: increasing age reduces hypertension self management abilities, meanwhile higher education and good knowledge improve hypertension self management. The recommendations of this study are that early and ongoing education is needed to increase knowledge in the management of hypertension. Keywords: demographic characteristics; knowledge; self management; hypertension ABSTRAK Pendahuluan: Pengobatan dan perawatan hipertensi merupakan suatu proses panjang yang membutuhkan strategi dalam mengelola penyakit tersebut, salah satunya adalah menegemen diri (self management). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Hubungn antara Karakteristik Demografi dan pengetahuan dengan Self Management Hipertensi Pada Masyarakat Suku Timor. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah penelitian deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan coros sectional yang dilakukan pada 70 masyarakat suku Timor di propinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan Februari 2020. Karakteristik demografi yang diteliti antara lain Jenis Kelamin, Usia, Tingkat Pendidikan, Pekerjaan dan Penghasilan Keluarga. Komponen Self Management Hipertensi yang diukur yaitu tindakan menelan obat, diet dan kontrol tekanan darah. Data demografi, pengetahuan dan Self Management Hipertensi diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner dan dianalisis dengan menggunkan chi square Test dengan bantuan SPSS 21. Hasil: Karakteristik demografi (usia dan tingkat pendidikan) dan pengetahuan berkolerasi positif dengan self management hipertensi . Usia dengan pvalue (0,001), sedangkan tingkat pendidikan dan pengetahuan dengan p value (0,000). Kesimpulan dan rekomendasi : semakin bertambah usia mengurangi kemampuan self management hipertensi, sementara itu pendidikan tinggi dan pengetahuan yang baik meningkatkan self management hipertensi. Rekomendasi penelitian ini adalah diperlukan edukasi sejak dini dan berkelanjutan untuk meningkatan pengetahuan dalam penatalaksanaan penyakit hipertensi. Kata kunci: karakteristik demografi; pengetahuan; self management; hipertensi

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Breast Arterial Calcifications: Reporting Preferences and Impact on Screening for Coronary Artery Disease

Journal of Breast Imaging ◽

10.1093/jbi/wbab076 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Kaitlin M Zaki-Metias ◽

Jeffrey J MacLean ◽

Paul A Mergo ◽

Barakat Ogunde ◽

Mohammed Al-Hameed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Primary Care Physicians ◽

Disease Risk ◽

The Body ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Artery Disease ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Objective Breast arterial calcifications (BAC) have been shown to correlate with measures of coronary artery disease risk stratification, although reporting of BAC is optional by BI-RADS guidelines. The purpose of this study is to determine referring provider preferences in BAC reporting on mammography reports and if such reporting has any impact on patient management. Methods This study was approved by the local institutional review board. A voluntary eight-question survey regarding the preferences and outcomes of BAC reporting on mammography was distributed to 1085 primary care physicians, obstetrics and gynecologists, medical oncologists, and breast and general surgeons in our health system via a secure online platform. Data analysis including Pearson chi-square was performed with a P-value of <0.05 for significance. Results A response rate of 19.1% (207/1085) was attained, with 21/207 (10.1%) of respondents indicating they do not routinely order mammograms excluded from further analysis. A total of 62.4% (116/186) of ordering physicians indicated a preference for reporting of BAC in both the body and impression of the radiology report, with 82.3% (153/186) of respondents placing importance on the quantity of atherosclerotic calcifications. Most participants (79.6%, 148/186) reported that the presence of BAC would prompt further investigation for coronary artery disease and associated risk factors. Conclusion The majority of responding physicians indicated a preference for detailed reporting of BAC and that such reporting would impact patient care. Understanding referring provider preferences regarding ancillary findings of BAC will allow for improved communication and value in mammography.

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Status of self-esteem in medical students of a college in Kathmandu: A descriptive cross sectional study

F1000Research ◽

10.12688/f1000research.72824.1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

pp. 1031

Author(s):

Bikal Shrestha ◽

Stuti Yadav ◽

Subodh Dhakal ◽

Pooja Ghimire ◽

Yubika Shrestha ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Self Esteem ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Institutional Review ◽

The Status

Background: Self-esteem is vital to living a happy, confident and content life. Medical students experience various forms of stress due to academic, financial and social pressures which could affect their levels of self-esteem. This study aims to study the status of self-esteem among undergraduates of a medical college at Tribhuvan University, Nepal. Methods: After receiving the ethical approval from the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) of NAIHS; we conducted a descriptive cross-sectional study among the first- to fifth-year medical students from December 2020 to April 2021. 190 were selected for the study using a stratified random sampling technique. This study used the Rosenberg self-esteem scale to measure self–esteem of the participants. A Google Forms questionnaire was sent to the participants via email. Then, the data obtained were entered in the Google sheet and later analyzed using SPSS 27. A Chi-square test was used to identify potential differences in self-esteem scores among different variables. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: This study included a total of 180 participants, among which, 18.9% (13.19% to 24.61%; at 95% CI) students showed low self -esteem. 74.4% (68.02% to 80.78%; at 95% CI) students had normal self-esteem and 6.7% (3.05% to 10.35%; at 95% CI) students had high self-esteem. The mean self-esteem score was 19.19 (15.01 to 23.37; at 95% CI). Female participants suffered more than males from low self-esteem, and third-year students had the highest percentage of low self-esteem (30.77%). Conclusion: The majority (74.4%) of medical students had normal self-esteem. However, 18.9% students had low self-esteem, among which, third-year students suffered the most (30.77%). Likewise, females exhibited higher prevalence of low self-esteem compared to males. Interventions to boost the level of self-esteem should be carried out to help medical students become confident and efficient doctors.

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Spectrum of Ground Glass Opacities in Chest CT of COVID-19 Patients in Karbala, Iraq

Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences ◽

10.22317/jcms.v6i3.769 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Dhia Mahdey Alghazali ◽

Maytham A Maamera ◽

Haider Fadel Alkazraji ◽

Ali A Abutiheen

Keyword(s):

Ct Scan ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Ground Glass ◽

P Value ◽

Late Time ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Male Predominance ◽

Chest Ct Scan

Objective: To describe the ground-glass opacities (GGO) seen in chest CT scans of COVID-19 patients and to estimate the association between these opacities and the time of clinical presentation. Patients and methods: A cross-sectional study involving 81 COVID-19 confirmed patients in Imam Al-Hussein Medical city in Karbala-Iraq during the period from March 1st to April 20, 2020. Chest CT scan findings were evaluated by 2 radiologists and categorized accordingly. Chi-square test was used for statistical analysis and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation of patients was 53.5 ± 17.1 years, with male predominance as 63 (77.8%) of cases were males. Nearly half of the patients were presented within the second week of starting the sign and symptoms. GGO was present in 79 scans (97.5%), followed by consolidation opacity in 29 patients (35.8%). Four types of GGO were described. Bilateral multiple subpleural GGO was the most prevalent type. There was a significant association between late time of patient presentation and more extensive GGO type. Conclusion: Chest CT scan is valuable in the diagnosis and management of COVID-19 cases. The presence of GGO in CT scan of a patient that previously had no chest illness is highly suggestive of COVID-19 disease, different types of GGO were seen. Bilateral confluent type of GGO is associated with more serious and delayed status and warns the need for intensive care unit admission.

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Resilience and Treatment Adhesion in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

The Open Rheumatology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874312920140127001 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Daniella Antunes Pousa Faria ◽

Luciana Silva Revoredo ◽

Maria José Vilar ◽

Maia Eulália Maria Chaves

Keyword(s):

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Lupus Erythematosus ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Working Hours ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Systemic Lupus ◽

Chi Square ◽

Access To Treatment ◽

Cross Sectional

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune, rheumatic inflammatory disease that can cause significant morbidity with evident psychological impacts and obvious harm to quality-of-life that require the patient to adapt treatment. Objective: Assessment of resilience and the self-reported treatment adhesion behaviors of patients with SLE, investigating which of these factors are associated to resilience. Method: Cross-sectional study of 40 women with SLE. A questionnaire with social demographic data, health history and the Wagnild Young Resilience Scale were used. Results: 62.5% followed the medical treatment properly but 55% found it difficult. 27.5% of the patients presented low resilience, 57.5% medium and 15% high resilience. Resilience was associated in the chi-square test (p-value < 0.05) with the variables work, understanding SLE, trying to find out about SLE, following the treatment correctly, difficulty in following the treatment and stopping some activity because of the disease. In the correlation analysis, resilience was associated with age (-0.3960), number of working hours (0.5533), specialized treatment duration (-0.8103) and disease duration from diagnosis (-0.8014). Conclusion: Patients with high resilience tended to follow treatment correctly, tried to understand the disease and adhered more to the treatment to avoid risks and promote protection factors. Therefore knowledge of resilience in patients with SLE is necessary. It is important that the state takes necessary actions to facilitate access to treatment, to educational programs and to medical support. Awareness and counselling sessions must be initiated to develop and promote individual capacities to learn how to tackle with the disease for which psychological support of family and doctors can play a significant role.

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Study on prevalence of foreign bodies in ENT

Integrative Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.15342/ijms.7.219 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Shilpi Agrawal ◽

Haritosh K. Velankar

Keyword(s):

Foreign Body ◽

Emergency Room ◽

General Anaesthesia ◽

Foreign Bodies ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Age Groups ◽

Care Hospital ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Common Location ◽

Nose And Throat

Introduction- Foreign body is a substance that doesn’t belong to a location where it is found. Ear,nose and throat are common location for occurence of foreign bodies. It is a common problem encountered in both adults and children. Objective- 1) To analyse the different kinds of foreign bodies in ear ,nose and throat and their prevalence in different age groups. 2) To analyse the most prevalent site of foreign body among ear, nose and throat.Methods- A cross-sectional study was performed in our tertiary care hospital in Navi-mumbai. The study period was from august 2017 to august 2019. The study population were the patients who came to the out patient department and emergency room of this hospital.Result- A total of 100 patients as sample size with foreign bodies in ear, nose or throat were taken on first come basis. 62 were males and 38 were females. Of the 100 patients, 36 had foreign body in ear, 47 in nose and 17 in the throat. The foreign body was removed under local anaesthesia in 4% patients, with general anaesthesia in 30 % and with no anaesthesia at all in 66% patients. The most common age group affected was less than 10 years among both male and female patients.Conclusion- The most frequent site of foreign body occurrence was found to be nose. The most common site requiring general anaesthesia for foreign body removal was throat. Although most of the foreign bodies could be removed without any anaesthesia in the emergency room or outpatient department.

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Hubungan Karakteristik dengan Tingkat Pengetahuan Perawat Tentang Tuberculosis (TB) Paru pada Anak

JENDELA NURSING JOURNAL ◽

10.31983/jnj.v4i2.4941 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 113-121

Author(s):

Fadhilah Rosyid Pradana ◽

Sri Widiyati ◽

Arwani Arwani

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Survey Design ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Pulmonary Tb ◽

Level Of Knowledge

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) in children needs special attention. Enforcement of the diagnosis of childhood TB which is an important component in controlling pulmonary TB itself. Nurses as health workers have a role as providers of nursing care, educators, communicators and extension agents needed in an effort to overcome diseases including pulmonary TB in children. The nurse is also one of the human resources or health workers trained and responsible for implementing pulmonary TB prevention programs. For this reason nurses are required to have competent knowledge.Purpose: To determine the relationship of characteristics with the level of knowledge of nurses about pulmonary TB in children in the Health Center’s area of Semarang City.Methods:.This study used a descriptive survey design with a cross sectional study design. The sampling technique uses purposive sampling. The number of respondents was 44 respondents. The instruments used were questionnaires about demographic data and the level of knowledge about pulmonary TB in children. The data was analised using chi square.Results:.The results of this study using the Chi-square test obtained p value (Age 0.677), (Gender 0.531), (Education Level 0.230), and (Working Period 0.424) which shows p-value 0.05.Conclusion: There is no correlation between the characteristics and level of knowledge of nurses about pulmonary TB in children in Health Center’s area of Semarang.

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Prevalence of celiac disease in irritable bowel syndrome patients: A single centre experience from a large teaching hospital of Lahore, Pakistan

Journal of Fatima Jinnah Medical University ◽

10.37018/cndo3595 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 176-179

Author(s):

Mohammad Ahmed Saifullah ◽

Amer Ahmad Khan ◽

Sarmad Zahoor ◽

Sidra Saif ◽

Javed Sajjad Hashmi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Irritable Bowel Syndrome ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Demographic Data ◽

Positive Association ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Military Hospital ◽

P Value ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Irritable Bowel

Background: Many studies have been conducted worldwide to evaluate the proportion of patients with Celiac disease (CD) in persons presenting with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), showing a positive association between the two diseases. However, reports from Pakistan remain scanty. This study aims to find out the prevalence of CD in patients presenting with IBS and to establish the correlation of both diseases. Patients and methods: It was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted at Combined Military Hospital, Lahore (CMHL) from January 2018 till March 2019. Consecutive, nonprobability sampling was used to include 210 patients of both genders with the age range of 15-65 years fulfilling ROME IV criteria and were not previously diagnosed as CD or CKD or CLD. Demographic data was noted. Serum Anti tTG levels and Duodenal Biopsy from the second part was assessed to diagnose CD. CD was labeled if the disease was present on both serological and Histopathological reports. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 20. Descriptive statistics were calculated and a Chi-square test was used to compare the outcome variables with P-value < 0.05 as significant. Results: Of 210 enrolled patients, 113 (53, 8%) were male and 97 (46.2%) were female. The mean age of the patients was 28.40 ± 5.06 years. Eight patients (3.8%) were positive for Anti tTg and on histopathological findings suggestive of CD. Seven of 8 were less than 35 years old. Out of 8 positive patients, 6 (75%) were females. However, the p-value was found to be insignificant for age (0.549) and gender (0.096). On stratification with respect to duration of IBS, all 8 patients diagnosed with celiac disease were having symptoms of IBS for less than 12 months (100%) which was significant statistically (7.1% vs 0.0%; p=0.007). Conclusion: The frequency of CD was 3.8% among IBS patients. Considering this percentage of CD in IBS patients s, a high index of suspicion for CD in IBS patients is required,

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Denture Hygiene Knowledge and Practices among Complete Denture Wearers attending a Postgraduate Dental Institute

The Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice ◽

10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2113 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 714-721

Author(s):

Sudhanshu Saxena ◽

Snigdha Gowd ◽

Thatapudi Shankar ◽

Vinay Suresan ◽

Sneha Mantri ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nonparametric Test ◽

Complete Denture ◽

P Value ◽

Cross Sectional Survey ◽

Chi Square ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hygiene Practices ◽

Institutional Review ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test

ABSTRACT Aims The aim of this study was to assess the denture hygiene knowledge and practices among patients using complete dentures attending a postgraduate dental hospital in Jabalpur city. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between hygiene knowledge and practices to the denture wearer's gender, education, and income. Materials and methods A descriptive, cross-sectional survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire involving the complete denture patients attending the Department of Prosthodontics. The study subjects were randomly selected by recruiting old dentures wearers visiting the Department of Prosthodontics for a recall visit or for new dentures on the odd dates of the month. All subjects signed an informed consent before filling the questionnaire. The institutional review committee approved the study. Descriptive statistics included computation of frequencies and percentages. Nonparametric test, namely, chi-square test, was used for further data analysis; p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results A total of 530 individuals were approached for participation in our survey, 30 (5.66%) subjects declined to participate. The results showed that 195 (39%) subjects were wearing the same dentures for more than 5 years. In this study, 51 (10.2%) subjects reported never having been advised by their dentists as to how to clean their dentures. Among all the subjects interviewed, 264 (52.8%) reported to clean the oral tissues daily. This study disclosed that 66 (13.2%) of the subjects usually slept with their dentures. Maximum subjects in illiterate group had experienced bad breath sometimes when compared with subjects in postgraduate group (χ2 = 47.452, p < 0.001). There was a significant difference for method of denture cleaning according to gender (χ2 = 101.076, p < 0.001). Conclusion The majority of the denture wearers have limited knowledge of denture cleansing and oral hygiene practices. Hygiene habits and practices may not always present a positive correlation with the gender, educational level, and income of the subjects. Clinical significance Periodic recall for evaluation of denture and mucosal surfaces along with reinforcement of denture hygiene instructions will go a long way in helping the patients reap maximum benefits out of their prostheses. How to cite this article Shankar T, Gowd S, Suresan V, Mantri S, Saxena S, Mishra P, Panday P. Denture Hygiene Knowledge and Practices among Complete Denture Wearers attending a Postgraduate Dental Institute. J Contemp Dent Pract 2017;18(8):714-721.

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