scholarly journals Effect of Orthodontic Treatment in Occurrence of Dental Caries

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36
Author(s):  
Sandhya Shrestha ◽  
Lipika Shrestha ◽  
Namita Shrestha ◽  
Rabindra M Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Attaining improved aesthetics and proper occlusion are main reasons for commencing orthodontic treatment in any patient. However it is anticipated that orthodontic treatment increases the risk of carious lesions. Objective: To analyze prevalence of dental caries in relation to gender, age group, duration of orthodontic treatment and malocclusion type; and to assess oral hygiene and food habit practice in Nepalese orthodontic patients. Materials & Method: A cross sectional study was done in 212 orthodontic patients (age range 11-30 years) having fixed appliance for at least six months duration. A survey form based on ‘Dentition Status & Treatment Need, WHO’ was used to depict DMFT Index and prevalence of dental caries. A questionnaire was used to assess the practice of oral hygiene measures and food habits of the orthodontic patients. The association between dental caries and gender, age group, duration of orthodontic treatment and malocclusion type were analyzed using chi-square test (p<0.05). Result: The prevalence of dental caries (DMFT) was 79.2% and mean DMFT value was 2.87 among Nepalese orthodontic patients. Occurrence of dental caries among male and female patients was 69.44% and 60% respectively. Caries occurrence was highest in age group 16-20 years (72.22%), in more than 18 months treatment duration group (63.92%) and in Class I malocclusion group (68.38%). Similarly, 30.2% consume sweets foodstuff, 26.9% consume junk food and 14.2% consume snacks in between meals frequently. Conclusion: Fairly good proportion of Nepalese orthodontic patients practice normal oral hygiene methods but very few use special oral hygiene measures. The study showed no association between dental caries occurrence and gender groups, age groups, duration of orthodontic treatment and malocclusion types. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v3i1.9279 Orthodontic Journal of Nepal, Vol.3, No.1, 2013: 31-36

scholarly journals Oral hygiene awareness in orthodontic patients; A cross sectional survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (06) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Muhammad Usman Khalid ◽  
Syeda Qurat-Ul-Ain Arif ◽  
Sobia Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Plaque Deposition ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Aim and Objectives: To evaluate the current status of oral hygiene awareness in patients undergoing active orthodontic treatment and to educate them how they can improve and maintain their oral health throughout orthodontic treatment to minimize the risk of dental caries, plaque deposition, gingivitis and localized enamel decalcification. Study Design: Prospective survey. Setting: Orthodontic Department, Punjab Dental Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Period: 06 months 1st August 2018 to 31st January 2019. Methods and Materials: A structured questionnaire was distributed to 100 patients undergoing active orthodontic treatment at orthodontic department of Punjab Dental Hospital Lahore, Pakistan in an effort to assess the level of awareness and practical measures taken by patients to maintain and improve their oral health during orthodontic treatment. Conclusion: This survey revealed that most of the patients are aware and practising oral hygiene measures during their orthodontic treatment and dentist should repeat all these instruction on every visit.

scholarly journals Aptidão cardiorrespiratória em crianças e adolescentes

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 535-543
Author(s):  
Kenia Rejane de Oliveira Batista ◽  
Mona Gizelle Dreger de Oliveira ◽  
Carla Fabiane dos Santos Lemos ◽  
Josiene De Oliveira Couto ◽  
Nara Michelle Moura Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Peak Height ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Height Velocity ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Peak Height Velocity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
And Gender

Cardiorespiratory fitness is an important health status indicator. The purpose of this study was to verify the cardiorespiratory fitness according to age group and gender in children and adolescents from Sergipe, Brazil. It is a cross-sectional study with sample consisting of 195 adolescents of both genders with mean age of 11.75 ± 3.0 years. For the characterization of participants, a questionnaire with age and gender identification designed by researchers was used. Subsequently, participants were submitted to anthropometric evaluation in order to estimate the maturational stage by means of the peak height velocity (PHV). The 20-meter back-and-forth test was used to estimate cardiorespiratory fitness. Two-way ANOVA was applied with sample divided into two groups (“up to 13 years” and “above 13 years”). Polynomial contrast was used to identify the type of tendency for cardiorespiratory fitness, and simple contrast for multiple comparisons. All procedures were performed using SPSS version 22.0 software, considering 5% significance level. In the “over 13 years” group, there was a significant effect on the cardiorespiratory capacity behavior according to “gender” [F(1, 45) = 5.54, p = 0.02, r = 0.33] and “age” [F(4.45) = 3.37, p = 0.02, r = 0.48]. The simple contrast identified increased cardiorespiratory fitness behavior in relation to age groups of 15 and 16 year when compared to the age group of 14 years. It was concluded that gender and age positively influence cardiorespiratory fitness from the maturational reference age in the study group.

scholarly journals Dental caries prevalence among 12–15-year-olds in Lithuania between 1983 and 2005

Medicina ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona Milčiuvienė ◽  
Eglė Bendoraitienė ◽  
Vilija Andruškevičienė ◽  
Julija Narbutaitė ◽  
Jurgina Sakalauskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
World Health ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Caries Prevalence ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
T Score ◽  
Health Organization

Objective. To analyze the dynamics of prevalence and severity of dental caries among 12- and 15-year-old schoolchildren in six regions of Lithuania. Material and methods. A total of 5910 schoolchildren aged 12 and 15 years were examined. Dental caries was diagnosed according to the criteria of World Health Organization. The prevalence of dental caries was calculated by dividing the number of children with caries by the number of all children examined and expressed as percentage. Severity of dental caries was described by DMF-T index. DMF-T indices of individual persons as well as each age group were determined. Oral hygiene was evaluated by a simplified oral hygiene index. Fluoride concentration in Kretinga was 1.6–2.2 ppm; in the other regions, it varied between 0.2 to 0.4 ppm. Results. The prevalence of dental caries among 12-year-olds was 88.4% in 1983 and 85.5% in 2005; among 15-year-olds, it was 95.5% and 92.9%, respectively. Mean DMF-T score decreased from 4.5 (in 1983) to 3.7 (in 2005) among 12-year-olds and from 6.4 (in 1983) to 5.6 (in 2005) among 15-year-olds. Oral hygiene index decreased from 1.69 in 1983 to 1.34 in 2005 among 12-year-olds and from 1.46 to 1.22 among 15-year-olds, respectively. Conclusions. A tendency towards decrease in the prevalence and severity of dental caries was observed, when caries prevention program was running. Correlation between oral hygiene and DMF-T was observed in both age groups. Decreased prevalence and intensity of dental caries among 12- and 15-year-olds were associated with improved oral hygiene, usage of fluoride toothpaste, and fluoride content in drinking water.

scholarly journals Dental caries and its association with present day dietary patterns: a cross-sectional study

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 2138
Author(s):  
Vaibhav Munjal ◽  
Puneet Singh Talwar ◽  
Jagjit Singh ◽  
Mandeep Kumar ◽  
Ramandeep Gambhir
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Vegetarian Diet ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Dental caries is a multifactorial disease with diet being one of the contributing factors. The influence of vegetarianism on the development of caries has scarcely been investigated in the past. Therefore, this study was done to evaluate the association of dental caries with frequency of sugar exposures and vegetarian / mixed diet.Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted among 2500 school children of 12 and 15 years age groups selected on the basis of simple random sampling from different schools of the city. Dental caries was recorded using Decayed, Missing and Filled teeth index (WHO modification, 1997) and correlated with the different dietary variables. Subjects were also segregated on the basis of diet: vegetarian and mixed. Statistical analysis was done using Student t-test and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient.Results: The prevalence of dental caries in the 12 and 15 year age group of subjects consuming mixed diet was 83.36% and 86.47% respectively. It was lower in case of subjects on vegetarian diet. The correlation between DMFS and TSE, FSE and AMSE was found to be statistically significant (p<0.05) in the 12 year age-group. In the 15 year age-group the correlation of DMFS with TSE and LSE was also found to be statistically significant (p<0.05).Conclusions: There was no statistically significant difference in dental caries status among subjects in both the groups (vegetarian and mixed). However, there was significant association between sugar exposures and dental caries among subjects of both the age-groups.

scholarly journals Prevalence of refractive errors by age and gender in patients reporting to ophthalmology department.

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (09) ◽  
pp. 1989-1994
Author(s):  
Adeel Ahmed Siddiqui ◽  
Muhammad Ajmal Chaudhary ◽  
Muhammad Zafar Ullah ◽  
Majid Hussain ◽  
Nadeem Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
P Value ◽  
Refractive Errors ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Ocular Surgery ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
And Gender

Objectives: To determine the age and gender specific prevalence of different refractive errors in the patients presenting to the Ophthalmology Departments of the tertiary care hospital. Study Design: Analytical Cross-sectional study. Setting: Departments of Outpatient Ophthalmology at THQ Hospital Kabirwala, The Children’s Hospital & The Institute of Child Health Multan and Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Period: January 2020 to May 2020. Material & Methods: A total of 400 patients ≥ 4 years age of either gender were included. Patients with history of ocular surgery, trauma and advanced fundus disease were excluded. Age and gender of the patients was noted. Clinical examination and autorefraction were carried out. Quantitative data is presented as mean ± SD and qualitative data as frequency and percentages. Chi-square test is used to assess the association of refractive errors with age groups and gender. Results: Median age of the participants was 20 years (range 04 – 92 years). Males constituted 58% (n = 232) of the study participants. Most common refractive error were astigmatism (n=298, 74.5%) and myopia in 187 (46.75%) patients. Prevalence of myopia was significantly higher (p-value < 0.001) in 11-20 (39.6%) and 21-40 (34.2%) years age group and in males (64.7%, p-value 0.01). Hypermetropia was significantly higher (p-value <0.001) in 4-10 (36.8%) and ≥ 41 (38.7%) years age group with no gender predilection. Conclusion: This study shows prevalence of myopia being highest in males age 11-40 years and prevalence of hypermetropia being highest in children between 4-10 year and elderly ≥ 41 year with no gender predilection.

scholarly journals Determination of Anthropometric Indicators of 2 to 6 Years Old Kindergarten and Preschool Children in Isfahan City in 2017

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Majid ZARRIN KAFSH ◽  
Gholam Hossein HALVANI ◽  
Hossein FALLAH ◽  
Mahsa ASGARI
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Age And Sex

Introduction: Creation of anthropometric database in any age group is one of the most important issues in designing and manufacturing of used equipment. The aim of this study was to determine the anthropometric characteristics of nurses of kindergartens and preschools in Isfahan in the age range of 2 to 6 years and to create an information reference.Materials and Methods: In this applied study, 700 healthy male and female boys were selected randomly from cluster sampling from nursery schoolchildren and preschools in Isfahan city. 36 anthropometric measurements of them were cross-sectional in the academic year 1396 to 1397. And indicators and statistical percentiles (5.50 and 95) were extracted.Results: Statistical indexes and percentiles were presented as an anthropometric database in 5 age groups and in two sex groups. Age and sex were influenced by most anthropometric variables and significant difference (P <0.05). .Conclusion: The age and sex are two factors affecting anthropometric variables. Therefore, it is necessary to use the anterpometric database of the same age group and gender in the design of the equipment.

scholarly journals Attitude and perception of orthodontic patients to orthodontic treatment time and accelerated orthodontics.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
O.D Umeh ◽  
I.G Isiekwe ◽  
O.O DaCosta ◽  
O.O Sanu ◽  
I.L Utomi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Tooth Movement ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fixed Appliance ◽  
Orthodontic Patients ◽  
Treatment Procedures ◽  
Accelerated Orthodontics

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the a􀄴itude and perception of orthodontic patients to the duration of orthodontic treatment and the procedures for accelerating orthodontic tooth movement.Methods: This was a cross-sectional analytical study. The study population was made up of patients undergoing fixed appliance orthodontic treatment at the Orthodontic Unit of the Lagos University Teaching Hospital. A convenience sampling technique was used and data collection was via selfadministered questionnaires and an information sheet. The questionnaires assessed patients' knowledge of accelerated orthodontic procedures as well as their perception of orthodontic treatment time and willingness to undergo some accelerated orthodontic treatment procedures. The procedures evaluated included corticotomy, piezocision, micro-osteoperforation, laser therapy, local administration of injections and use of vibrations.Results: One hundred orthodontic patients (n=100, adolescents, 46%; adults, 54%) were surveyed comprising 36 males and 64 females. Most of the participants (88%) had never heard of accelerated orthodontics. A majority of respondents (75%) believed that orthodontic treatment time was too long, and were willing to undergo additional procedures to reduce treatment time (81%). Subjects' willingness to undergo the procedures were inversely proportional to the degree of its invasiveness for all groups, with at least a third of the patients willing to accept a 10% increase in treatment fees for a reduction in treatment time across all techniques surveyed.Conclusion: The orthodontic patients surveyed considered treatment time protracted and were interested in undergoing adjunctive orthodontic procedures to accelerate tooth movement, with a consequent increase in treatment cost. They, however, had a limited knowledge of the different methods of accelerating orthodontic treatment. Key words: Accelerated orthodontics, orthodontic treatment time

scholarly journals Colour Preferences of Elastic Ligatures among Orthodontic Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aljazi H Aljabaa ◽  
Khalid AlMoammar ◽  
Ghada Al-Kharboush ◽  
Rana M Al-Dayel ◽  
Nouf S Alsaloom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fixed Appliances ◽  
Colour Preferences ◽  
And Gender

Introduction: Elastic modules are an integral part of fixed appliances. The availability of different colours is important to patients and their compliance during treatment. Knowledge about the most popular colours is important to orthodontists when ordering their materials. Aim: This study aimed to determine the elastic ligature colour preferences of patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment and the influences of age and gender on these preferences. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was done on a total of 319 patients (88 males and 231 females) aged 18-36 years of age participated in this study. The patients’ elastic ligature colour preferences were recoded using a colour guide and a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire contained questions about the patients’ preferences regarding coloured or transparent ligatures, light or dark shades, and changing the ligatures for specific occasions. The data were analysed using SPSS version 25. The descriptive statistics were calculated, and a Pearson’s chi-squared analysis was performed to determine the influence of age and gender effects on colour preferences (p-value <0.05). Results: Most of the participants were excited about changing their elastic ligatures colours (44.5%), and they liked to change the colours at each visit (45.5%). Most participants did not like having multicoloured elastic ligatures in their mouths (77.4%) or changing the elastic colours before certain occasions (49.8%). There was no statistically significant difference in the elastic ligature colour preferences between the genders (p-value=0.0552), but there were statistically significant differences among the age groups (p-value <0.001). Conclusion: Most of the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment with fixed appliances preferred less noticeable elastic ligature colours. A significant difference was found between age groups: younger patients preferred coloured elastics, while older patients preferred less noticeable and transparent elastics. No difference was found between the colour preferences among both the gender.

scholarly journals The Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status of Asthmatic Children between the Age Group of 6 and 12 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 250-254 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Venkataraghavan ◽  
Vasanthakumari Anandhan ◽  
R Bharathan ◽  
Nayana V Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Bronchial Asthma ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dose Inhaler ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Asthmatic Children

ABSTRACT Aim To assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries and oral hygiene status of 6 to 12 years old children with bronchial asthma. Materials and methods The study population consisted of 500 children between the age group of 6 and 12 years old, who were diagnosed with bronchial asthma and were under medication. DMFT score was assessed by WHO criteria (1997) and oral hygiene status was assessed by simplified oral hygiene index (OHI-S) by Greene and Vermillion (1964). Results The data was collected and analyzed using the SPSS package.15.6% of females had good oral hygiene status when compared to males who almost had 12.6 and 20.8% of children who were in the category of moderate persistent asthma had decayed teeth whereas only 4% of children in severe persistent asthma category had experienced with decayed teeth. Conclusion Moderate persistent group of asthmatic children who were consuming orobronchodilator form of medication are found to have high prevalence of dental caries than dry powder and metered dose inhaler. How to cite this article Anandhan V, Bharathan R, Venkataraghavan K, Reddy NV. The Prevalence and Severity of Dental Caries and Oral Hygiene Status of Asthmatic Children between the Age Group of 6 and 12 Years: A Cross-Sectional Study. World J Dent 2012;3(3):250-254.

Orthodontic patients peridontal diseases prevalence study

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. B. Ulitovskiy ◽  
A. V. Shevtsov
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Oral Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Hygiene Measures ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Orthodontic Patients

Relevance. Patients undergoing orthodontic treatment of dental anomalies using braces have a high risk of developing inflammatory periodontal diseases, the occurrence of which is caused by an insufficient level of hygienic oral care and orthodontic apparatus. The quality of preventive measures during the period of orthodontic treatment affects the structure and prevalence of inflammatory periodontal diseases due to the low awareness of patients, their non-observance of the doctor’s instructions for hygiene measures, lack of hygiene quality monitoring and its correction during treatment [1-5, 7, 9].Purpose. The purpose of the research was studying the prevalence of periodontal diseases and its structure among orthodontic patients, taking into account the fixed appliances used.Materials and methods. 79 patients undergoing orthodontic treatment were involved in the study, they were divided into 4 age groups. In all groups, an inspection was conducted to determine the prevalence and intensity of the periodontal disease. From the outpatient records of dental patients, form «043/y», data was extracted. The intensity of periodontal diseases was determined using the communal periodontal index (CPI), the papillary-marginal-alveolar index (PMA), the gingival sulcus bleeding index (SBI), complex periodontal index ICP were also determined [19-22].Results. As a result of the study, a high prevalence of periodontal disease was established in patients with bracket systems, which was 84,81±6.12%, in the first group it was 77.78%, in the second group this indicator was equal to 81.25%, and in the third and fourth groups – 85.72% and 91.67%, respectively.Conclusion. The results obtained revealed a high prevalence of periodontal disease in orthodontic patients, which necessitates an improvement in the quality of dental health in this groups by means of dental education and improved hygienic procedures.

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