scholarly journals Effects of feed properties in spray drying formulation of prototype industrial cracking catalysts

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 41-44
Author(s):  
Duc Hoan Truong ◽  
◽  
Thuy Phuong Ngo- ◽  
Duc Manh Dinh ◽  
Thanh Tung Dang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Catalyst Particle ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Medium Ph ◽  
Hy Zeolite ◽  
Cracking Catalysts

This paper studied the effects of feed properties in spray drying formulation of prototype industrial cracking catalysts at the laboratory scale. The results showed that the pH of the drying feed mainly affected the active phase HY zeolite. At a high pH value, a strongly alkaline medium (pH 14), the HY zeolite structure was completely destroyed, resulting in the cracking catalyst with a low surface area. Hence, the pH of the drying feed should be adjusted to a low value, preferably a slightly acidic medium (pH 3). The solid content mainly affected the particle size of the cracking catalyst. As increasing the solid content in the drying feed, the particle size of the cracking catalysts increased and reached the maximum average value at about 40 μm which corresponded to the solid content of 15 wt.%. At a higher solid content (20 wt.%), the catalyst particle size and surface area tended to decrease. Thus, the solid content of 15 wt.% was considered to be optimal.

Process Factors Using Centrifugal Spray Drying to Prepare Bauxite Microspheres

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 828-833
Author(s):  
Xiao Su Cheng ◽  
Meng Qi Peng ◽  
Yu Fa Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Optimal Operation ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Process Factors

The centrifugal spray drying process of bauxite slurry was studied to investigate the influence of slurry solid content on the particle size distribution and the sphericity of the microspheres, and so was operation technology on average diameter and the sphericity of the microspheres. The optimal operation parameters are obtained to prepare high spherical microspheres bauxite with the diameter distribution of 100 μm and whose particle size distribution is narrow: the slurry solid content is 70 wt%, the dry air temperature is 250 °C, the rotation rate of spray head is 6000 rpm and the feed flow rate is 1 L/h in the experiments.

Quality of spray dried soy beverage powder as affected by drying and feed parameters

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 567-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saroj Kumar Giri ◽  
Shukadev Mangaraj ◽  
Lalan Kumar Sinha ◽  
Manoj Kumar Tripathi
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Solid Content ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Drying Conditions ◽  
Spray Dried

Purpose Soy beverage is becoming more and more popular because it is touted as a healthy food containing useful phytochemicals and is free from lactose and cholesterol. The purpose of this paper is to optimize the spray drying process parameters for obtaining soy beverage powder with good reconstitution and handling properties. Design/methodology/approach Pre-concentrated soy beverage was dried in a laboratory model spray dryer, and the effects of inlet air temperature (180-220°C), feed rate (20-40 ml/min) and feed solid content (15-25 per cent) on some physical parameters and reconstitution properties (wettability and dispersibility) of spray-dried soy beverage powders were investigated. Second order polynomial response surface model was selected for the analysis of data and optimization of the process. Findings Spray drying of soy beverage at different processing conditions resulted in powders with particle size (volume mean diameter) in the range of 86 to 156 µm. Dispersibility and wetting time of the spray-dried soy beverage powders was found to be in the range of 56 to 78 per cent and 30 to 90 s respectively, under various drying conditions. Inlet air temperature was found to be the main factor affecting most of the quality parameters, followed by solid content of the feed. Temperature significantly affected the wettability, dispersibility, colour parameters, particle size and flowability of the powder at p ≤ 0.01. Lower temperature and higher feed solid content produced bigger-sized powder particles with better handling properties in terms of flowability and cohesiveness. A moderate inlet air temperature (196°C), higher feed solid content (24 per cent) and lower feed rate (27 ml/min) were found suitable for drying of soy beverage. Practical implications The study implied the possibility of producing powder from soy beverage using the spray-drying method and optimized drying conditions for obtaining soy beverage powder with good reconstitution properties. Originality/value The finding of this study demonstrated for the first time how the inlet air temperature, feed solid content and feed rate during spray-drying influenced different quality parameters of soy beverage powder. Further, an optimized drying condition has been identified.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Rare-Earth-Based Oxides for the Ceramic Industry: From Laboratory to Pilot Plant

1991 ◽  
Vol 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Balachandran ◽  
S. E. Donris ◽  
M. T. Lanagan ◽  
R. B. Poeppel ◽  
J. M. Tourre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Rare Earth ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Pilot Plant ◽  
Ceramic Industry ◽  
Good Control ◽  
Particle Growth ◽  
Fine Powders ◽  
Plant Capacity

ABSTRACTA wide variety of compounds, e.g., superconductors, chromites, and manganites, can be synthesized by spray drying a mixture of salts or a combination of salts and sols in a flash dryer. The process ensures good control of stoichiometry, morphology, particle size, and surface area. Appropriate particle-growth and synthesis heat treatments of these fine powders have been conducted, and the resultant powders have been evaluated for possible applications in fuel cells and superconductors. The process has been scaled up to a pilot-plant capacity of ≈40 kg per day.

The Effect of Aging Temperature and pH Value of Aging Solution on the Microstructure of ZrO2-SiO2 Aerogels

2016 ◽  
Vol 697 ◽  
pp. 368-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Chen Qiao ◽  
Xiao Lei Li ◽  
Jian He ◽  
Hui Ming Ji ◽  
Zhu Rui Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Alkaline Solution ◽  
Aging Temperature ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Solution Ph

ZrO2-SiO2 gels were prepared by prehydrolysis method with sol-gel process. Then,the wet gels were aged at different temperatures (60,110,170 °C) in ethanol or alkaline solution (pH=8). Finally, the monolithic ZrO2-SiO2 aerogels were obtained by supercritical fluid drying. N2 adsorption-desorption, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) were used to characterize the microstructure of aerogels. The aim of this research is to study the effect of aging temperature and pH value of aging solution on the microstructure of ZrO2-SiO2 aerogels. The results show that the specific surface area and pore volume of ZrO2-SiO2 aerogels aging in alkaline solution (pH=8) is lower than that of aging in the ethanol. And there is a shift of the pore size distribution towards larger values. This is because the cross-linking reaction in alkaline solution enlarges the particle size. As the aging temperature increases, the specific surface area and pore volume decrease and the particle size distribution of ZrO2-SiO2 aerogels is more uniform.

Study on Factors Affecting Properties of Silica

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
Quan Xiao Liu ◽  
Wen Cai Xu ◽  
Yu Bin Lv ◽  
Jin Li Li
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Base Solution

Silica was prepared by precipitation method in the laboratory, and the factors which affect the performance of silica were evaluated. The results show that the reduction of concentration of base solution and reaction temperature and the increase of pH value could improve the specific surface area of precipitation silica. Specific surface area of silica prepared in laboratory is greater than which was prepared in production line and DBP absorption value and particle size are smaller than the latter. Drying process and drying methods have important influences on performance of precipitation silica. Mechanical pulverization could reduce the particle size of silica slightly and the stacking density obviously.

Effects of Different Organic Carbon Sources on Properties of LiFePO4/C Synthesized by Spray-Drying

2014 ◽  
Vol 535 ◽  
pp. 725-728 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Lu ◽  
Lin Chen ◽  
Yun Bo Chen ◽  
Yi Jie Gu ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Tap Density ◽  
Organic Carbon Sources

LiFePO4/C materials were synthesized by spray-drying using FePO4·2H2O, LiOH·H2O as raw materials, with three kinds of organic carbon sources: soluble starch, crystal sugar and glucose. The particle size, tap density, specific surface area, morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of the LiFePO4/C were tested and analyzed. The results indicate that the organic carbon source has no effect on the phase of LiFePO4, but has a remarkable influence on the tap density and specific surface area of LiFePO4. The LiFePO4/C synthesized with crystal sugar and glucose has higher tap density, smaller particle size and specific surface area. The LiFePO4/C synthesized with the glucose as the carbon source exhibited the most excellent electrochemical performance. The discharge capacities are 160.6, 148.5 and 114.1mAh/g respectively at 0.1C, 1C and 5C. Under low temperature 253K, the discharge capacity is 56.2% of that at 298K with 0.2C.

Citric Acid Modified Kaolin and Its Application in Polyamide Wet Coating

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Lei ◽  
Chenglong Wang ◽  
Sijia Ye ◽  
Hongyan Li ◽  
Jinhuan Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Citric Acid ◽  
Acid Solution ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Rhodamine B ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Citric Acid Solution ◽  
Polyamide Textile

The ink absorption of polyamide-coated polyamide textile products containing kaolin is poor. Citric acid was used to modify kaolin, and the adsorptive performance of rhodamine B was studied. The modified kaolin with the best adsorptive ability was selected. The results showed that kaolin modified with a 2.0 M citric acid solution was strongly adsorptive. During the interaction between citric acid and kaolin, H+ acts on the surface and interlayer of kaolin, and on Al3+ and Si4+ in the kaolin. This results in an increase in the specific surface area and a smaller particle size. After using modified kaolin in the polyamide wet coating, the ink-absorption of polyamide-coated polyamide fabrics improved and the resulting pH value met Oeko-Tex Standard 100 requirements for textile use.

scholarly journals Study on physical properties of Ayabirungaraja Karpam engaged by Traditional and Modern technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-266
Author(s):  
Nagalingam Varnakulendran ◽  
Veeriah Elango
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Physical Characterization ◽  
Traditional System ◽  
Bet Analysis ◽  
Value Loss

The physical characterization is an authentic proof for the metal and mineral drug formulations used in traditional system of medicine. Now a day quality assurance is a thrust area for the evaluation of traditionally used medicinal plants and herbal formulations. In this research work, author aims to elicit traditional and modern physical characterization of Siddha formulation Ayabirungaraja karpam(ABK). It  was prepared as per Siddha reputed text classical method and subjected to  physical characterization traditionally such as consistency, lightness, texture, particle size, colour, odour, tactile sensation, irreversible nature and modern parameters like pH value, Loss on drying, Total ash, acid insoluble ash, water soluble ash, Bulk density, Tapped density, Zeta size, Zeta potential and BET analysis for surface area. The results reveal as per traditional trait, ABK is non-adhesive freeness, fineness and lightness which enhance absorption and assimilation of particle in body without producing any irritation to the mucous membrane of gastrointestinal tract. Modern parameter indicate the presence of organic moieties as well as mineral, acidic medium which was not favour for microbial growth , cohesive, low porosity and compaction of drug powder was confirmed. Particle size matches well with colloidal size which attached to human intestine and thus provide large surface area, thereby increase absorption of macro, micronutrients and drug.  Therefore, it is concluded the drug is user friendly for human oral administration.

Storage Problems of Poplar Chips from Short Rotation Plantations with Special Emphasis on Fungal Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zsuzsanna Horváth ◽  
Béla Marosvölgyi ◽  
Christine Idler ◽  
Ralf Pecenka ◽  
Hannes Lenz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Fungal Development ◽  
Short Rotation ◽  
Fungal Particles

Abstract - There are several problems in storing wood chips freshly harvested from short rotation plantations, which result in quality losses as well as in dry matter and energy losses. The factors influencing the degradation of raw material are examined in this paper with special focus on fungal development. An excessive growth of fungi is connected to dry matter losses and also to an increased health risk during raw material handling. The following factors were measured during 6 months storage of poplar wood chips depending on particle size: box temperature, moisture content, pH-value, appearance of fungi in the storage and the concentration of fungal particles in the air. The results show a close connection between particle size, temperature and attack of fungi. During the storage mesophilic and termophilic species of the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Mucor and Penicillium appeared. The concentration of fungal particles is the highest for fine chips and decreases in bigger particles. There was a special focus on the investigation of the properties of coarse chips (G 50), which represent a good compromise between handling, storage losses and health risk due to fungal development.

Moxifloxacin Hydrochloride-Loaded Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR Based Nanoparticles: Formulation, In vitro Characterization and Cytotoxicity.

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gülsel Yurtdaş Kırımlıoğlu ◽  
Sinan Özer ◽  
Gülay Büyükköroğlu ◽  
Yasemin Yazan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Spray Drying ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
Ocular Delivery ◽  
Corneal Permeability ◽  
Release Pattern ◽  
In Vitro Characterization ◽  
Ocular Bioavailability

Background: Considering the low ocular bioavailability of conventional formulations used for ocular bacterial infection treatment, there’s a need for designing efficient novel drug delivery systems that may enhance of precorneal retention time and corneal permeability. Aim and Objective: The current research focuses on developing nanosized and non-toxic Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR nanoparticles loaded with moxifloxacin hydrochloride (MOX) for its prolonged release to be promising for effective ocular delivery. Methods: In this study, MOX was incorporation was carried out by spray drying method aiming ocular delivery. In vitro characteristics were evaluated in detail with different methods. Results: MOX was successfully incorporated into Eudragit® RL 100 and Kollidon® SR polymeric nanoparticles by spray-drying process. Particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency, particle morphology, thermal, FTIR, XRD and NMR analyses and MOX quantification using HPLC method were carried out to evaluate the nanoparticles prepared. MOX loaded nanoparticles demonstrated nanosized and spherical shape while in vitro release studies demonstrated modified release pattern which followed Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. Following successful incorporation of MOX into the nanoparticles, the formulation (MOX: Eudragit® RL 100, 1:5) (ERL-MOX 2) was selected for further studies by the reason of its better characteristics like cationic zeta potential, smaller particle size, narrow size distribution and more uniform prolonged release pattern. Moreover, ERL-MOX 2 formulation remained stable for 3 months and demonstrated higher cell viability values for MOX. Conclusion: In vitro characterization analyses showed that non-toxic, nano-sized and cationic ERLMOX 2 formulation has the potential of enhancing ocular bioavailability.

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