scholarly journals ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN URBAN STRUCTURE AND PATTERN OF REDEVELOPEMENT IN OSAKA REGION

1979 ◽  
Vol 280 (0) ◽  
pp. 161-170
Author(s):  
ROKURO TAMINAGA ◽  
YOSHIAKI HONDA
Keyword(s):  
Urban Structure ◽  
The Relationship

Tram, mobilitŕ e crescita urbana in Spagna, 1900-1936

STORIA URBANA ◽  
2009 ◽  
pp. 21-48
Author(s):  
Banales José Luis Onyňn
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Urban Growth ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
World War ◽  
Unskilled Workers ◽  
Urban Pattern ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

- The article focuses on the relationship between tramway networks and urban structure in Spain during the period 1900-1936. It states that this relationship should be studied after considering the use of transport and the mobility patterns of different classes, specially the working class. Once these factors have been studied it is possible to assert the impact of the tramway netmark on urban growth. The impact of the tramways on major Spanish cities did not take the form of a transport revolution that would radically changed the urban pattern. Tramways did not direct urban growth until use of tramway lines by the working class became general. This did not happen until World War I. Since then, skilled and some unskilled workers did change their mobility patterns and tramway use experienced a cycle of growth that continued until the late 1950s.

Technology and Urban Structure

2018 ◽  
pp. 238-253
Author(s):  
Vincenzo Paolo Bagnato
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Urban Society ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Space Systems ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Urban Aesthetics ◽  
The Relationship

In the last decades, the concept of cultural landscape, in its physical and social dimension, has been stoked by the contribution of a new interpretation of “technology,” understood as an innovative approach in the definition of new relationships between information, sustainability, and public space. It is a perspective that follows the changing cultural references of urban society, wondering which is the relationship between embodiment and location, between technological innovation and urban structure and how the digital and information revolution could influence and define the characteristics of urban aesthetics in the contemporary city. This chapter offers a key for reading these topics, starting from the analysis of the grid city's ontological space, its image between morphology and technology, between streets/buildings and infrastructure/landscapes, and finally, defining new ethical and dialogical interpretative approaches on sustainability and urban development, trying to find out the potentialities of the grid cities as complex public space systems.

Urban Spatial Structure and Travel in China

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingqian Hu ◽  
Jiawen Yang ◽  
Tianren Yang ◽  
Yuanjie Tu ◽  
Jing Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Spatial Structure ◽  
Complex Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

This article first provides a critical scoping review of empirical literature on the relationship between urban structure and travel in China. The review finds that residential suburbanization alone increases travel, polycentric development has mixed effects, and jobs–housing balance reduces travel. Second, this article compares the empirical findings of the urban structure–travel relationships in China with those observed in other countries, and it identifies contextual factors that can explain the differing relationships in China. We suggest that future research improve data and methodology and broaden the research scope to investigate the complex mechanisms that affect the urban structure–travel relationship in China.

Neighbourhood Environmental Contribution and Health. A novel indicator integrating urban form and urban green

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harald Zepp ◽  
Luis Inostroza ◽  
Robynne Sutcliffe ◽  
Salman Ahmed ◽  
Susanne Moebus
Keyword(s):  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Green ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
Environmental Contribution ◽  
Neighbourhood Scale ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The relationship between urban green, urban form and health remains unclear. This research explores health and urban green as well as urban structure as constituents of urban form. The objective was to develop a novel indicator (Neighbourhood Environmental Contribution, NEC) to analyse the spatial relationship between urban green and health (diabetes, mental health and self-rated health) on the neighbourhood scale. NEC performs more stably when regression models are adjusted for confounders. This suggests that better representations of urban form including the built-up structure of urban areas are promising.

scholarly journals Urban Structure, Subway Systemand Housing Price: Evidence from Beijing and Hangzhou, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoqi Zhang ◽  
Yanqiao Zheng ◽  
Lei Sun ◽  
Qiwen Dai
Keyword(s):  
Housing Market ◽  
Housing Prices ◽  
Housing Price ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Constrained Clustering ◽  
The Core ◽  
Urban Core ◽  
Subway System ◽  
The Relationship

Using housing market data of Beijing and Hangzhou, China, we conduct a case study to detect how the difference of urban structure can affect the relationship between the subway system and housing prices. To quantify the characteristics of urban structure, we propose a constrained clustering method, which can not only reveal the spatial heterogeneity of the housing market, but also provides a link between heterogeneity and the underlying urban structure. Applying constrained clustering to Beijing and Hangzhou, we find that the relationship between accessibility to metro stations and housing prices is weak and vulnerable, while the improvement of commuting efficiency, measured by a key variable, the metro index, does have a robust connection to metro premium on housing units. In particular, only a large metro index can be associated with a positive metro premium. Structural features, such as the size of urban core and the existence of multiple sub-centers, influence the metro premium by affecting the value and spatial distribution of the metro index. The evidence from Beijing and Hangzhou supports that in a mono-centric city, the size of the urban core is positively associated with the metro index and the metro premium, while in a poly-centric city with a small urban core, the metro index tends to be lower in the core region and higher in the satellite regions, which enforces the metro premium to be negative in the core while positive outside of the core.

scholarly journals USING FUZZY SETS IN THE ESTIMATION SYSTEM OF THE EFFICIENCY OF URBAN ENVIRONMENT METABOLISM (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CITIES OF UKRAINE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-109
Author(s):  
Igor Patrakeyev ◽  
Victor Ziborov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Metabolic Efficiency ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Estimation System ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Matter Energy

The urban environment is a networked metabolic organism. The urban environment includes networks that feed it with energy, resources, people, goods and information. The urban environment carries out a permanent transformation of matter, energy and produces waste, which together change the urban environment. We have proposed to use an indicator for assessing the efficiency of the metabolism of the urban environment, which allows to take into account the relationship between the urban structure, energy consumption, emissions of pollutants and the intensity of consumption of natural resources. We use this indicator as a tool for forecasting sustainable urban development. Using the example of Poltava city, we have shown that the indicator for assessing the metabolic efficiency of the urban environment can be used as one of the decision-making tools for the sustainable development of Ukrainian cities. The improvement of existing and development of new indicators is an important task towards the implementation of the concept of sustainable development, which is a logical continuation of the teachings of V. I. Vernadsky on the noosphere.

scholarly journals Exploring the relationship between urban sprawl and the urban system. Evidence from Thessaloniki, 1991-2011.

Spatium ◽  
2017 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Georgia Gemenetzi
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Urban Sprawl ◽  
Urban Form ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Methodological Framework ◽  
Influence Area ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Spatial Area

The article explores the relationship between urban sprawl and the urban system. Urban sprawl is not considered to be a static, unsustainable urban form, but rather a dynamic process of urban deconcentration through which the urban structure evolves. After identifying the main characteristics of urban sprawl, this article investigates the connection between urban sprawl and the urban system through the concept of polycentricity. Finally, the two-way relationship between urban sprawl and the urban system is highlighted. Based on the above, an integrated theoretical, conceptual and methodological framework is formulated. A key finding was the emergence of ?small-scale? polycentricity, which implies increasing monocentricity over a wider spatial area. This raises questions over the distinction between the negative phenomenon of urban sprawl and sustainable polycentric forms, and points out a need to review the explanatory devices and theories used in spatial analysis and planning. Empirical evidence was extracted from Thessaloniki?s Influence Area.

scholarly journals Policentryczność regionów miejskich w Polsce = Polycentricity of urban regions in Poland

2020 ◽  
Vol 92 (4) ◽  
pp. 455-474
Author(s):  
Bartosz Bartosiewicz ◽  
Szymon Marcińczak
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Regional Distribution ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Morphological Development ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
Urban Regions ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
Commuting Patterns ◽  
The Relationship

Studies dealing with the issue of polycentric urban development, both functional and morphological, often promote different approaches to the measurement of polycentricity. Relying on data on commuting patterns and the intra-regional distribution of population in Poland in 2011, we apply two measures of polycentricity to shed more light on the functional and morphological development of urban regions in Poland. We also explore the relationship between the two dimensions of polycentricity, using a functional/morphological primacy index and a general functional polycentricity index. The results reveal regions for which the different measures suggest divergent conclusions, while also implying that the measure used can determine the strength and statistical significance of the relationship between the two dimensions to polycentricity. As, in our view, it is the measure advocated by Burger et al. (2011) that best seems to differentiate between the different forms of urban structure, we use this to summarise patterns of polycentric urban development in Poland. The results illustrate: the statistical significance of the relationship between the two (morphological and functional) dimensions to polycentricity in Poland’s urban regions, and the way in which the level of functional polycentricity is higher than the degree of functional polycentricity.

scholarly journals Workplace location, polycentricism, and car commuting

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 785-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fitwi Wolday ◽  
Petter Naess ◽  
Anders Tønnesen
Keyword(s):  
Urban Structure ◽  
Sustainable Mobility ◽  
Opposite Pattern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Longitudinal Survey Data ◽  
Commuting Distances ◽  
Workplace Development ◽  
Commuting Patterns ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The City

Although significant strides have been made regarding the relationship between urban structure and travel, some doubt appears to be lingering concerning the impacts of polycentric urban development. For example, the debate on whether a polycentric or monocentric workplace location pattern is favorable for reducing negative environmental effects from transportation has not been entirely settled. This study intends to contribute to clearing up some of the misconceptions by focusing on the implications of spatial distribution of jobs on commuting patterns among employees within the Oslo metropolitan area. Results show a strong tendency for a higher share of car commuting among employees working in suburban workplaces. This pattern persists also for suburban workplaces located close to suburban transit nodes. The share of transit commuters shows the opposite pattern. Commuting distances also tend to increase the farther from the city center the workplace is located. These conclusions are based on cross-sectional and quasi-longitudinal survey data as well as semi-structured in-depth interviews of workers, including several interviewees who had changed their workplace locations. To our knowledge, this is the first mixed-methods study on the influence of workplace location on commuting behavior. The results raise doubt about the appropriateness of polycentric intra-metropolitan workplace development as a strategy for sustainable mobility.

The Geography of World Cities

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raymond J. Dezzani ◽  
Christopher Chase-Dunn
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Urban Structure ◽  
World War ◽  
World Cities ◽  
Settlement Systems ◽  
Spatial Aspect ◽  
The Relationship

World cities are a product of the globalization of economic activity that has characterized post-World War II capitalism, and exhibit characteristics previously found in primate cities but with influence extending far beyond the range of the metropolitan state. They are the culmination of postwar urbanization mechanisms coupled with the rise of transnational corporations that have served to concentrate unprecedented population and economic power/potential. The potential for both human development advantage and disadvantage is historically unprecedented in these new and highly interconnected urban amalgams. In general, human settlement systems are usually understood to include the systemic (regularized) ways in which settlements (hamlets, villages, towns, cities) are linked with one another by trade and other kinds of human interaction. Geographers, historians, and economists have developed models of urban structure and patterning incorporating population location/movement and the location of economic activity to be able to rationally explain and predict urban growth and allocate resources so as to implement equitable distributions. The resulting models served to illustrate the importance of the interactions between specific geographic location, population concentrations, and economic activity. But given the development of world cities, there is the relationship between the size of settlements and political power in intergroup relations to consider. The spatial aspect of population density is, after all, one of the most fundamental variables for understanding the constraints and possibilities of human social organization.

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