Bacterization of forage grass seeds: Influence on spreading and growth of plants.

Biomics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-165
Author(s):  
T.Yu. Korshunova ◽  
E.V. Kuzina ◽  
G.F. Rafikova ◽  
M.D. Timergalin ◽  
T.V. Rameev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Bacterial Treatment ◽  
Phytohormone Synthesis ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Stimulation Of

Inoculation of seeds before sowing of growth-stimulating microorganisms is an effective method for increasing the productivity of crops and forage grasses, in particular. In this work, nine strains of bacteria were tested for their ability to produce the phytohormone indolyl-3-acetic acid (IAA) and stimulate seed germination and elongation of shoots and roots of seedlings of mogar, sudanese grass, awnless brome, alfalfa, and meadow fescue. The highest IAA concentration in the culture liquid was found in the strains Enterobacter ludwigii BLK and Pseudomonas sp. UOM 10 (2001 and 1617 ng/ml, respectively), and the lowest was in Pseudomonas sp. 5GCH and P. koreensis IB-4 (144 and 141 ng/ml, respectively), however, at this stage of research, a direct relationship between the level of phytohormone synthesis and the ability of bacteria to positively affect plant growth was not found. The plants were characterized by the species specificity of the reaction to bacterial treatment, with the exception of the Pseudomonas sp. 5GCH, which in some cases had a positive effect on seed germination, but did not enhance the growth of roots and shoots in the studied herbs. Synchronous stimulation of seed germination and an increase in the length of shoots and roots was observed on mogar plants upon inoculation with E. ludwigii BLK and P. plecoglossicida CH5-2 and on an awnless brome (P. chlororaphis 4CH, B. vietnamiensis 8CH, E. ludwigii BLK, P. laurentiana ANT 17 and P. plecoglossicida CH5-2). None of the strains simultaneously increased the length of shoots and roots in Sudanese grass and meadow fescue, but most microorganisms enhanced seed germination in them. Bacterization did not increase germination in alfalfa, and only Pseudomonas sp. UOM 10 and P. koreensis IB-4 promoted the growth of its shoots and roots.

scholarly journals Wheat yields of herbicide treatment along with auxin-producing bacteria Pseudomonas sp. DА1.2

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Timergalin ◽  
A. V. Feoktistova ◽  
T. V. Rameev ◽  
S. P. Chetverikov ◽  
Z. R. Sultangazin
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Plant Growth And Development ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Herbicide Treatment ◽  
Bacterial Treatment ◽  
Positive Effect

The effect of the identified auxin-producing strain of bacteria on wheat plants when treated with the herbicides Chistalan and Nanometh in the field was studied. The ability of bacterial treatment to increase wheat yield under herbicidal stress due to the positive effect of bacteria on plant growth and development at early stages of development is shown.

Market exits during the pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
E. V. Bessonova ◽  
S. M. Myakisheva ◽  
A. N. Tsvetkova
Keyword(s):  
Growth Potential ◽  
Efficiency Enhancement ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Young Firms ◽  
Lower Productivity ◽  
Fast Development ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
Substantial Rise ◽  
Stimulation Of

The new coronavirus pandemic has triggered an economic crisis different from other crises in the acuteness and non-uniformity of its impact on various sectors of the economy. This paper analyzes how the dynamics of firms entering and exiting the market have changed in this environment and which groups of firms have shown to be the most vulnerable to the negative effect of the crisis. Our analysis shows that the number of newly registered firms dwindled sharply in the period of the toughest restrictions imposed to curtail the infection spread in April — May 2020. The recovery which followed in the subsequent months has failed to compensate for the spring’s slump, which may suggest a “scarring impact” of the crisis. July and October 2020 saw a substantial rise in companies’ exits from the market. The crisis has hurt not only the hardest hit industries but also other areas of economic activity. Liquidations rose most extensively among young firms aged less than three years. Relatively higher productivity firms exited less often than lower productivity companies. This may suggest a “cleansing effect” of the crisis. But with the redundant labor being unable to move to more productive firms, the positive effect of the crisis may be brought to naught. Therefore, for the consequences of the crisis to be remedied, incentives should be provided to new firms’ entries and support for efficient companies, especially for young firms showing growth potential. Stimulation of growth in the number of high-productivity firms should go hand in hand with the creation of conditions for new entities’ fast development, expansion, and efficiency enhancement.

scholarly journals Swailing affects seed germination of plants of European bio-and agricenosis in a different way

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Bączek-Kwinta
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Agricultural Practice ◽  
Seedling Vigour ◽  
Habitat Composition ◽  
Indirect Impact ◽  
Wild Thyme ◽  
Plant Habitat ◽  
Seed Testa ◽  
Stimulation Of

AbstractSwailing as a part of agricultural practice is an illegal habit in many European countries. The indirect effect of swailing is the emission of volatiles (SGV), hence the aim of the study was to identify their impact to seeds of different species occurring or grown Europe. It was carried out on seeds of 29 species of 10 botanical families within the angiosperms. The response to SGV was more or less differentiated within a family, and even within the species, e.g. in the case of tomato. The stimulation of germination and/or increased seedling vigour was established in celery, green- and red-leafed basil, white and red cabbage, white clover and wild thyme. The same effect was noticed for the seeds of stratified broadleaf plantain and the positively photoblastic seeds of German chamomile germinated in darkness. The inhibition of seed germination and/ or reduced seedling vigour was demonstrated in case of caraway, dill and forget-me-not. Similar results were obtained in the experiments carried outin vitroand in the soil, hence it can be assumed that the indirect impact of SGV on plant habitat composition is likely. The interaction of SGV compounds with seed testa and seed phytohormones is discussed.

scholarly journals An innovative technical solution to the issue of conditioning forage grasses

2021 ◽  
Vol 901 (1) ◽  
pp. 012049
Author(s):  
S A Otroshko ◽  
A V Shevtsov ◽  
N D Sharikov
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Vertical Axis ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Forage Grasses ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Meadow Fescue ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
High Quality Protein ◽  
Working Bodies

Abstract Acceleration of wilting of forage grasses treated during mowing by the working bodies of dynamic conditioners installed on disc mowers is a prerequisite for improving the quality of forage, primarily in terms of the concentration of high-quality protein, vitamins and other biologically active substances, as well as energy. The main working body of modern conditioning devices is a horizontal shaft rotating at a speed of 18-29 m / s with hinged beaters of various configurations placed on its surface, which ensure grass dragging along the surface of corrugated decks, through combs, etc. [1]. Such devices significantly increase the weight of the mowers, which increases their cost by about 1/3, and the use of an additional drive of the conditioner shaft leads to operational difficulties. In this regard, the search for innovative technical solutions aimed at improving this situation is a very urgent task. The article describes the design and principle of operation of a rotary conditioner with a vertical axis of rotation developed in Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production & Agroecology for the KR-2.1M mower of the “Agramak” company, the articulated beams of which are installed directly on its discs. The mower with an innovative conditioner was tested on a mixture of reed fescue with clover of the first cut and on tetraploid meadow fescue of the second. The yield of green mass, the composition of the herbage, its height and lodging, as well as the phase of development were determined in accordance with the guidelines for conducting field experiments with forage crops. The work of the mower was evaluated according to GOST 28722-90. The article presents data on the degree of damage to treated plants and the dynamics of the rate of their dehydration.

scholarly journals Agroecological aspects of application of Pseudomonas sp. DA1.2 in overcoming herbicidal stress in wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Maxim. D. Timergalin ◽  
Arina V. Feoktistova ◽  
Timur V. Rameev ◽  
Gaisar G. Khudaygulov ◽  
Sergei N. Starikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Strain ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Pseudomonas Sp ◽  
Synthetic Auxins ◽  
Promising Agent ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Stress Application ◽  
Positive Effect

This article submits results of laboratory and field experiments on the effect of an auxin-producing bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. DA1.2 in comparison with Pseudomonas koreensis IB-4 on wheat plants in conjunction with the “Chistalan” herbicide treatment. Our work shows the positive effect of bacterial treatments on plant growth, the relative water content in leaves and the role of bacteria in the redistribution of ABA and IAA in wheat shoots under conditions of herbicidal stress. Application of Pseudomonas sp. DA1.2 together with the herbicide in the field of the steppe zone led to an increase in yield by 20% relative to the control variant. This bacterial strain helps to overcome herbicidal stress and is a promising agent for improving the technology of using synthetic auxins herbicides.

Stimulation of seed germination in South African species of Restionaceae by plant-derived smoke

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. A. C. Brown ◽  
H. Jamieson ◽  
P. A. Botha
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
South African ◽  
African Species ◽  
Stimulation Of

Stimulation of Common Cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicum) and Redroot Pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus) Seed Germination by Injections of Ethylene into Soil

Weed Science ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 510-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. H. Egley
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Laboratory Tests ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Amaranthus Retroflexus ◽  
Redroot Pigweed ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Viable Seeds ◽  
Chamber Studies ◽  
Growth Chamber Studies ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of ethylene upon germination of common cocklebur (Xanthium pensylvanicumWallr.) and redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexusL.) seeds were studied. In laboratory tests with seeds in sealed flasks in the dark, 10 μl/L ethylene increased germination of redroot pigweed seeds from 7% to 52% at 30 C, and increased germination of large and small common cocklebur seeds from 30% and 0% to 100% and 90% respectively, at 25 C. At least 12 h of exposure to ethylene was necessary for appreciable stimulation of germination. In growth chamber studies with known numbers of seeds in pots of soil, ethylene at 11 kg/ha was injected into the soil, and the pots were enclosed in plastic bags for 24 h. One such injection at 2 weeks after planting, and successive injections at 2, 3, and 4 weeks, significantly increased redroot pigweed seedling emergence, and significantly decreased the numbers of dormant, viable seeds remaining in the soil. When pots were not enclosed, injections did not significantly effect redroot pigweed seeds, but significantly increased common cocklebur seedling emergence and decreased the number of viable common cocklebur seeds remaining in the soil.

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