SEED METRICS AND INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURES AND PRE-GERMINATION TREATMENTS ON GERMINATION OF CAESALPINIA FERREA SEEDS

The objective of this study was to evaluate seed metrics, optimum temperature for germination and efficiency of five pre-germination treatments for overcoming dormancy of Caesalpinia ferrea seeds. Seeds were subjected to constant temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35°C and to the following pre-germination treatments: nicking with pincers; immersion in water for 24 hours at room temperature; scarification with sandpaper; immersion in caustic soda for 60 minutes; and control (untreated seeds). Germination rate was assessed by germination percentage and germination speed index. A completely randomized design was used with four replicates of 50 seeds each and means were compared by Tukey test at 5% probability. The best germination performance was obtained in the 15-30°C temperature range and by using chemical scarification with immersion in caustic soda, and mechanical scarification by nicking with pincers and by rubbing on sandpaper.

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THE EFFECT OF CORONA INCANDESCENT PLASMA RADIATION AND STORAGE TEMPERATURE ON THE VIABILITY OF GARLIC SEEDS (ALLIUM SATIVUM L. LUMBU KUNING VARIETY)

International Journal of Engineering Science Technologies ◽

10.29121/ijoest.v5.i1.2021.149 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 11-17

Author(s):

Febiasasti Trias Nugraheni ◽

Erma Prihastanti ◽

Endah Dwi Hastuti

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Allium Sativum ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Plasma Radiation ◽

Agricultural Commodity ◽

Time Duration ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

And Storage

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is an agricultural commodity which is widely consumed by the community. The obstacle experienced in cultivation is that a relatively long dormancy period of about 6-7 months. The dormancy of garlic seeds occurs because the embryo has not yet been fully formed, and the growth hormone and inhibitory hormone are not balanced. The methods used to break dormancy and accelerate germination are by using corona incandescent plasma radiation and storage temperature. The research utilized factorial Completely Randomized Design (CRD), consisting of six treatments with five replications. The first factor was the corona incandescent plasma radiation carried out on the garlic seeds ‘Lumbu Kuning’ variety with time duration of 0, 15, and 30 minutes. The second factor was storage temperature comprising of room temperature and cold temperature of 7oC stored for 30 days. Viability parameters observed are germination percentage dan the length of sprouts. The data were analyzed by using ANOVA followed by the DMRT test at the 95% confidence level. The results showed that corona incandescent plasma radiation influenced the germination percentage using plasma radiation for 15- 30 minutes.

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Reduction of the Forage Seeds Physiological Quality by the Contact with Fertilizer in the Crop-Livestock Integration

Journal of Experimental Agriculture International ◽

10.9734/jeai/2019/v34i630190 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Anne Caroline Dallabrida Avelino ◽

Dayana Aparecida De Faria ◽

Carlos Eduardo Avelino Cabral ◽

Joadil Gonçalves De Abreu ◽

Elisangela Clarete Camili ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Contact Time ◽

Accelerated Aging ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Accelerated Aging Test ◽

Aging Test ◽

Physiological Quality ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Seeds Germination

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Brachiaria seed contact time with 05-25-15 fertilizer (N-P2O5-K2O) on the seed’s physiological quality. The experimental design was a completely randomized design with four replicates. Treatments were arranged in a 5x4 factorial, being: five seeds contact times with fertilizer (0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours); four forages: Marandu palisadegrass, Piatã palisadegrass, Xaraés palisadegrass and Ruziziensis grass. The performed tests were: water content, germination (first count and germination percentage), tetrazolium (viability), electrical conductivity, accelerated aging, sand emergency and emergence speed index. Contact time of 05-25-15 fertilizer with Brachiaria seeds reduces linearly: Germination, emergence and emergence speed index of Brachiaria seeds; Piatã and Xaraés palisadegrass seeds viability; vigor (electrical conductivity), except in Ruziziensis grass seeds; and seeds germination of Piatã palisadegrass submitted to accelerated aging test (vigor). Piatã palisadegrass is the least recommended, among the analyzed grasses, for intercropping in simultaneous sowing.

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Application of Young Coconut Water and “Kascing” Fertilizer to Red Palm Seed Germination

Jurnal ILMU DASAR ◽

10.19184/jid.v18i1.2115 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Fatimatuz Zuhro ◽

Hasni Ummul Hasanah ◽

Sukadi Sukadi

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Water Concentration ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Coconut Water ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Redpalm isornamentplantwhichpotentiallytobecultured.Thescarcityofredpalmmadeithashighmarket value and need to be preserved. However, the germination growth of red palm is slower than other kinds of palm, so the best way to germinate the red palm seed is needed. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of apliccation some young coconut water concentration and kascing fertilizer to red palm seed germination. The research used factorial completely randomized design with 5 replication, the first factor is young coconut water concentration (0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100%) and the second factor is germination media (steril sand and kascing fertilizer). Variables measured were live germination percentage, speed germination rate, radicula length, and plumula height. Results of this study showed that the best germination media is steril sand and 0% concentration of young coconut water.

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IDENTIFIKASI DAN UJI PENGENDALIAN HAMA DAUN JABON SECARA INVITRO

Jurnal Sains Natural ◽

10.31938/jsn.v4i1.75 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 51

Author(s):

Ujang W. Darmawan ◽

Agus Ismanto

Keyword(s):

Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽

Pest Species ◽

Control Test ◽

Control Effort ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Biological Pesticide ◽

And Control ◽

Organic Pesticides

Identification and Control Test of Jabon Leaf Pest by Invitro One of problem in jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba [Roxb.] F. Bosser) plantation is defoliator. Identification and control effort are needed to counter this problem. This research was intended to identify pest species attacking plant and do efficacy test of several chemical and biological pesticides against the defoliator. The statistical method of efficacy was Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Two pesticides prophenophos (0,1%) and dimethoate (0,1%) as chemical based organic pesticides and Bacillus thuringiensis(0,5 g/l) as biological pesticide were tested against the defoliator. Data was analyzed using Anova and Tukey test at 95% confidence level. The result showed that pest was identified as Dysarthria quadricaudata. Chemical and biological pesticides were effective to control the pest.Keywords: Neolamarckia cadamba, Dysarthria quadricaudata, prophenophos, dimethoate, pest. ABSTRAK Salah satu persoalan pada hutan tanaman jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba [Roxb.] F. Bosser) adalah serangan hama perusak daun. Pengendalian diperlukan untuk mengatasi persoalan ini. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi spesies hama dan melakukan efikasi beberapa jenis pestisida kimia dan organik terhadap hama ulat daun jabon (N. cadamba). Metode yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak lengkap. Dua jenis pestisida kimia berbahan profenofos (0,1%), dan dimetoat (0,1%) serta pestisida organik berbahan dasar Bacillus thuringiensis (0,5 gr/lt) diuji terhadap hama ulat daun. Data dianalisis menggunakan Anova dan uji Tukey (CI = 95%). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa spesies hama yang menyerang tanaman jabon adalah Dysarthria quadricaudata. Jenis pestisida tersebut efektif mengendalikan hama ulat daun jabon.Kata kunci: Neolamarckia cadamba, Dysarthria quadricaudata, profenofos. dimetoat, hama

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Pengaruh Suhu Penyimpanan Terhadap Kerusakan Spora Myxobolus koi [The Effect of Storage Temperature in Myxobolus koi Spore Damage]

Jurnal Ilmiah Perikanan dan Kelautan ◽

10.20473/jipk.v11i1.12270 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Gunanti Mahasri ◽

Titom Gusmana Putra Perdana ◽

Kusnoto Kusnoto

Keyword(s):

Data Analysis ◽

Main Parameter ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Design Method ◽

Optimum Temperature ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Damage Data ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Completely Randomized Design

AbstrakSpora Myxobolus koi dapat mengalami kerusakan apabila disimpan dalam kondisi penyimpanan yang kurang baik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu penyimpanan terhadap kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi serta untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) sebagai rancangan percobaan. Perlakuan yang digunakan adalah penyimpanan spora Myxobolus koi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC, Refrigerator (2-4) oC, dan Freezer (-5 hingga -10) oC, dengan ulangan sebanyak 6 kali. Penyimpanan ini dilakukan selama 30 hari. Parameter utama yang diamati adalah prosentase spora Myxobolus koi yang rusak. Parameter penunjang yang diamati adalah tipe kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi. Analisis data menggunakan ANAVA (Analisis Varian) dan dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan untuk mengetahui suhu optimum untuk penyimpanan spora Myxobolus koi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa peyimpanan pada suhu yang berbeda berpengaruh terhadap prosentase kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi. Kerusakan spora Myxobolus koi tertinggi terjadi pada suhu kamar (28-34) oC mencapai angka 68,91% dan nilai kerusakan terrendah terjadi pada refrigerator (2-4) oC yaitu 29,91%. Spora Myxobolus koi dapat disimpan pada refrigerator dan lemari pembeku. AbstractMyxobolus koi spores can be damaged if stored in poor conditions. This study aimed to determine the effect of storage temperature on Myxobolus koi spores and to determine the optimum temperature for storage. This research was conducted using a completely randomized design method (CRD) as an experimental design. The treatments used were storaged Myxobolus koi spores at room temperature (28-34oC), Refrigerator (2-4oC), and Freezers (-5 to -10oC), with replications 6 times. This storage was carried out for 30 days. The main parameter observed was the percentage of damaged Myxobolus koi spores. The supporting parameters observed were the type of Myxobolus koi spore damage. Data analysis using ANAVA (Analysis of Variance) and continued with Duncan’s Multiple Distance Test to find out the optimum temperature for storage of Myxobolus koi spores. Based on the results of the study, it was found that storage at different temperatures affected the percentage of damage to Myxobolus koi spores. The highest damage of Myxobolus koi spores occurred at room temperature (28-34oC) reaching 68.91% and the lowest damage value occurred at refrigerator (2-4oC) which was 29.91%. Myxobolus koi spores can be stored in a refrigerator and freezer

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Morphometry and Germination of Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus and Phoradendron mucronatum Diaspores

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582018360100010 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 36 (0) ◽

Author(s):

J.M.L. AZEVEDO ◽

C.G.G. SANTOS ◽

C.S. CAIRES ◽

J.C. ARAÚJO NETO ◽

R.C. SOUZA

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Percentage Germination ◽

Essential Characteristic ◽

Germination Time ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACT: The goal of this work was to characterize morphometrically diaspores from three species of mistletoes (Passovia pyrifolia, Struthanthus marginatus e Phoradendron mucronatum), as well as to study its germination behavior according to temperature and luminosity. In germination tests, the completely randomized design was used, in factor scheme 4 x 2, with 4 replications of 15 diaspores. The factors for the first test were different temperatures and two diaspore conditions (intact and without epicarp). In the second test, factors were different light qualities and two diaspore conditions. The analyzed variables were: germination percentage, germination rate index (GRI) and mean germination time (MGT). Mistletoe’s diaspores present an elliptic shape with viscin layer, an essential characteristic for the dispersion of the species. In addition to this, they present a distinction as for the moisture content when compared to the Loranthaceae and Viscaceae, where the latter presents the highest content. Germination is greater at the alternated temperature of 20-30 oC for P. pyrifolia and P. mucronatum diaspores and 20 oC for S. marginatus. Luminosity interfered in the germination of P. mucronatum and S. marginatus but did not influence P. pyrifolia. The diaspore condition influenced the germination of the three studied species, observing a significant increase in their germination when the epicarp was removed. Temperature and luminosity interfere directly in the GRI and MGT of the three mistletoes species.

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Influence of Shade and Bed Types on Attaining Optimum Temperature for The Germination of Peach (Prunus Persica L. Batsch) Seeds at Holetta, Central Ethiopia

Agricultural Science ◽

10.30560/as.v2n1p154 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. p154

Author(s):

Habtam Setu ◽

Tajebe Mosie ◽

Kidist Firdie ◽

Tenagne Eshete ◽

Getaneh Sileshi

Keyword(s):

Prunus Persica ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Optimum Temperature ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Germination Speed ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Peach Trees ◽

Good Germination

Poor germination of peach seeds is the major limiting factor for rootstock production under the Holetta condition because of the seed dormancy problem. Stratification plays an important role in shortening the dormancy and increasing the germination of peach seeds. The study aimed to find easy stratification techniques for the germination of peach seeds using shade and different bed types. The experiment was carried out at the Holetta Agricultural Research Center in two successive years of 2017 and 2018. We got seeds used for this study from peach trees, which were well adapted for the Holetta area. It was arranged in a completely randomized design with five treatments of under tree shade on a flatbed, under tree shade in sunken bed, out of tree shade on a flatbed, out of tree shade in sunken bed and refrigerator as a standard check. They put all treatments except the refrigerator under the grass shade constructed 1 m3 wide. The treatments replicated four times, and each replication contained 200 seeds. The results showed that temperature is the most important factor affecting the germination percentage of the peach seeds. Seeds sown under the temperature close to 8 0C which is in the refrigerator found to have better germination percentage (47.1%) followed by the seeds sown in the grass shade under the tree shade both on sunken (35.8%) and flatbeds (34.9%). Peach seeds stratified in the refrigerator had good germination percentage whereas survival of the seedling was better at out of tree shade in sunken bed and out of tree shade on the flatbed. Even though the germination percentage was lower and the germination speed index was higher than the refrigerator. Seeds stratified at a temperature of above 17 OC experienced a poor germination percentage.

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Effect of salinity on seed germination of some tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties

Journal of Aridland Agriculture ◽

10.25081/jaa.2021.v7.6588 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 76-82

Author(s):

Getachew Shumye Adilu ◽

Yohannes Gedamu Gebre

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Abiotic Factors ◽

Germination Rate ◽

Petri Dish ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Salinity Levels ◽

Mean Germination Time ◽

And Control

Salinity adversely affects 20-30% of the irrigated area in the world. Tomato is sensitive to salinity. It is one of the most severe abiotic factors of many agricultural crops and it becoming the main problem in Ethiopia. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of different salinity levels on the seed germination parameters of tomato varieties. It was laid out in a completely randomized design with three replicates. The treatment included four tomato varieties (Sirinka, Weyno, ARP D2, and Roma VF) and five salinity levels (1 dS m-1, 2 dS m-1, 3 dS m-1, 4 dS m-1, and control). Fifty seeds were placed in a Petri dish over a moistened germination paper for germination and seedlings and allowed to grow for 14 days. The germination rate, speed and energy of tomato seeds were significantly (p < 0.001) affected by the combined effect of variety and salinity. The shortest mean germination time, the highest mean germination rate, and the highest speed of germination were recorded in the ARP D2 variety in the control treatment. The lowest first and last days of germination, and the uncertainty of germination were recorded from ARP D2. However, an increase in the days of germination and in the uncertainty of germination, and a decrease in the germination index and total germination percentage trends were observed with increasing salinity levels. The highest level of salinity (4 dS m-1) affected the germination of tomato varieties. Among the four tested tomato varieties, ARP D2 and Roma VF were tolerant to salinity.

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Methodology of the tetrazolium test for identifying viable seeds of orchids of the genus Cattleya native to the Brazilian Cerrado

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2021v42n3p1351 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 1351-1360

Author(s):

Luan Marlon Ribeiro ◽

◽

José Carlos Sorgato ◽

Jackeline Schultz Soares ◽

Jéssica Celeste Mônico Ramos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Seed Banks ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Conditioning Temperature ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Viable Seeds ◽

Tetrazolium Test

Orchids need measures for conservation of their species, among them the creation of seed banks. This study analyzes suitable methodologies to identify the viability of Cattleya seeds through the tetrazolium test. Seeds of Cattleya nobilior Rchb. and Cattleya walkeriana Gardn. were submitted to three preconditioning: no soaking (control); sucrose (10%); or distilled water. After 24 hours, they were submitted to tetrazolium solution with three types of conditioning: oven (40 °C); water bath (40 °C); or room temperature. Subsequently, the percentage of viable seeds (VS) was calculated and in vitro sowing was carried out. Germination percentage (G) was determined after 45 days. A completely randomized design was used for each species studied, with treatments arranged in a 3x3 factorial scheme (three preconditioning and three conditioning), with eight replicates of one tube each. The experiment was performed in duplicate. The highest viability values found in the tetrazolium test were close to those of germination (C. nobilior: VS = 88% e G = 97%; C. walkeriana: VS = 88% e G = 95%) for Cattleya species native to the Cerrado. The conditioning at ambient temperature had a greater effect on seed visualization for both species studied, suggesting that the tetrazolium test should be performed at this conditioning temperature.

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Characteristics of chemical properties of fruit flour of mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Lamk.) with lower cyanide content

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/883/1/012063 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 883 (1) ◽

pp. 012063

Author(s):

F J Polnaya ◽

V J Thenu ◽

S Palijama ◽

R Breemer

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Water Immersion ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Treatment Level ◽

Bruguiera Gymnorrhiza ◽

Tukey Test ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Experimental Parameters ◽

Naoh Solution ◽

Completely Randomized Design

Abstract This study aimed to determine the best method for reducing HCN levels of mangrove (Bruguiera gymnorrhiza Lamk.) flour and analyze mangrove flour's chemical properties. This study used a completely randomized design with a treatment level, namely boiling with water for 30 minutes at 100°C, immersion in distilled water, immersion in 0.8 M NaOH solution, immersion in KOH solution 0.8 M, immersion in 0.8 M Na2CO3 solution, and immersion in 0.8 M Na2HPO4 solution. All immersion treatments were carried out at room temperature for 24 hours. The experimental parameters included HCN, ash, moisture, lipid, carbohydrate and protein contents. The research data were analyzed using analysis of variance and continued with the Tukey test. The results showed that the treatments that were tried to reduce HCN levels could also be used for mangrove fruit flour. The boiling treatment that is usually carried out by the community in Tual, Southeast Maluku is more effective when compared to other treatments in an effort to reduce HCN levels. There were also differences in the chemical characteristics of the mangrove flour with the various techniques that were tried. Boiling treatment for 30 minutes showed the highest reduction (84.14%) with HCN levels of 1.95 mg/kg. The characteristics of mangroves with the lowest levels of HCN were: 14.17% ash content, 12.08% moisture content, 0.51% lipid content, 67.76% carbohydrate content, and 3.64% protein content.

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