scholarly journals Black Soldier Fly Larvae as Animal Feed: Implications on The Halal Status of Meat Products

Halalpshere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-42
Author(s):  
Mohammad Aizat Jamaludin ◽  
Maryam Wan Khairuzzaman ◽  
Muhamad Shirwan Abdullah Sani
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Agricultural Industry ◽  
Academic Scholarship ◽  
The Status ◽  
Halal Food

In the mid-twentieth century, research conducted found that the presence of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae caused the reduction of housefly breeding and manure accumulation in a chicken barn. As a result, the commercialization of BSF larvae for agricultural use and biowaste treatment ensues. Facilities were built to produce BSF larvae and masse were rearing, processing and harvesting take place. The larvae are fed with municipal and agro-industrial wastes and faeces. Feeding animals with BSF larvae became widely practised for the perceived benefit of serving as a vital source of protein for animals. BSF larvae prove to be a precious commodity to the agricultural industry for its utility in waste treatment and animal feed. However, it presents a problem to halal food production due to its diet that contains faeces; this raises concern over the lawful status of the animals fed with BSF larvae. Will the status be compromised? Should it be categorized as al-jallalah animal? In Southeast Asia, there is not any Islamic institution issuing a fatwa concerning this, except for Indonesian Ulema Council, even so, it is severely insufficient as it was only mentioned in passing. The lack of discussion and research on this issue in Islamic and academic scholarship despite its ubiquity in food production and consumption demonstrates the necessity to invest more resource in research and enhance coordination between the jurisprudence and technical fields.

scholarly journals Use of Black Soldier Fly Larvae for Food Waste Treatment and Energy Production in Asian Countries: A Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Chul-Hwan Kim ◽  
JunHee Ryu ◽  
Jongkeun Lee ◽  
Kwanyoung Ko ◽  
Ji-yeon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Culture Techniques ◽  
Environmentally Safe ◽  
Hermetia Illucens Larvae

Food waste accounts for a substantial portion of the organic waste generated at an increasing rate worldwide. Organic waste, including food waste, is largely subjected to landfill disposal, incineration, and anaerobic digestion; however, more sustainable methods are needed for treating it. Treatment of organic waste using black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae is an environmentally safe and cost-efficient method that has been attracting increasing attention worldwide. Black soldier fly decomposes various types of organic waste and converts them into high-value biomasses such as oils and proteins. This review introduces the trends in research related to the treatment of organic waste by black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) and their bioconversion efficiencies in Asian countries. Perspectives on the growth of BSFL during waste treatment operation and optimal rearing conditions are provided. The trends in studies related to the application of BSFL as biofuel and animal feed are also discussed. Such use of BSFL would be beneficial in Asia, especially in countries where the technology for processing organic waste is not readily available. This review may provide further directions of investigations including culture techniques for industrial scale applications of BSFL in food waste treatment and resource production in Asian countries.

scholarly journals Cultural and practical aspects of halal slaughtering in food production

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 6023-2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
ABDELBASSET BENZERTIHA ◽  
BARTOSZ KIEROŃCZYK ◽  
MATEUSZ RAWSKI ◽  
AGATA JÓZEFIAK ◽  
JAN MAZURKIEWICZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Muslim Countries ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Islamic Countries ◽  
The Status ◽  
Halal Food ◽  
Religious Aspects

The rise in the Muslim population with the economic disability of Muslim countries have made the term halal common all around the world. The lack of information about halal in non-Muslim countries has made the status of imported halal products uncertain for Muslim countries. Halal meat is the most critical product due to the precise rules and requirements needed. In this review, we attempt to explain the types of halal and haram animals as well as the requirements needed for the allowed animals to be halal. Muslims must follow the halal rules mentioned in the Quran, Sunna and doctrines (scholars). The halal animals have been categorized with special and essential slaughtering requirements. However, the slaughtering should be performed in accordance with Islamic rules. The application of animal stunning has been allowed in some Islamic countries since the animal is still alive at the time of slaughtering with respect to animal welfare. Moreover, halal meat loses its halalness as soon as it becomes contaminated with najis (unclean). Indeed, it is important to understand the requirements of halal food, which cover religious aspects..

scholarly journals The Operation of the Halal Assurance System in the Broilers Farming Sector: A Preliminary Study/ Pengoperasian Sistem Pengurusan Jaminan Halal Di Sektor Penternakan Ayam Pedaging: Satu Kajian Awal

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Hasli Ramli ◽  
Arieff Salleh Rosman ◽  
Muhammad Talhah Ajmain@Jima’ain
Keyword(s):  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Control Point ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Food Product ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Material Source ◽  
Assurance System ◽  
Poultry Breeding ◽  
Halal Food

The demand for halal food products especially chicken meat products is increasing due to the belief in products that are based on the halal concept. The Department of Islamic Development Malaysia (JAKIM) has taken the initiative to develop the Halal Assurance System (HAS) to be implemented in the food product manufacturing industry. The main purpose of this system is to increase the level of integrity of the halal product start from raw material source to the end user. Until today, the operation of this HAS in Malaysia only been focused at the stage of raw material received to the finished product and subsequently consumer consumption. As such, HAS implementation practices are less emphasized and implemented at the top halal food chain which involves the chicken broilers farming industry. Therefore this study is to discuss and identify the necessity of HAS be implemented at broiler farming sector. The methodology used in this study is a qualitative approach through document analysis used to obtain information related to the halal assurance management system and to describe the essential aspects of HAS elements such as halal control point in broilers farming activities. The findings of this study have found that aspects of animal feed source, medications and animal welfare are most important elements in SJH's implementation on poultry breeding phase. This study also recommended the implementation of HAS not only be applied on chicken broiler farming sector but also can be implemented in others farming industries such as ruminant and other poultry animals.

Problems of ensuring metrological traceability of measurement results of indicators of quality for food products and food raw materials

2020 ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Mariya Y. Medvedevskikh ◽  
Anna S. Sergeeva
Keyword(s):  
Reference Materials ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
Metrological Traceability ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Measurement Results

The article raises the problem of ensuring metrological traceability of the measurement results of indicators of quality and nutritional value for food products and food raw materials: water (moisture), nitrogen (protein, crude protein), fat, ash and carbohydrates. The problem under consideration can be solved by applying reference materials of food composition, traceable to state primary measurement standards GET 173-2017 and GET 176-2019 and primary reference measurement procedures (PRMP), for attestation of measurement procedures and accuracy checking of measurement results. The article discusses the results of the PRMP development of mass fraction of fat, ash and carbohydrates in food products and food raw materials, as well as mass fraction of crude fat (oil content) in oil crops seeds and products based on them. The paper also presents metrological characteristics of reference materials of composition of dry dairy products, grain-milk dry porridges for nutrition of babies, grain dry porridges for nutrition of babies, egg powder, freeze-dried meat products, animal feed. The results of the work allow for building a chain of metrological traceability from GET 173-2017, GET 176-2019 and PRMP to routine measurement procedures, thereby ensuring the uniformity of measurements of nutritional value of food products.

Innovations in Food Production - Status and Directions of Development

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Barbara Grzybowska
Keyword(s):  
Functional Food ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
New Products ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
The Status ◽  
Product Manufacturing ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Storage

This paper characterises the directions of innovative activities undertaken by food industry enterprises concerning the manufacturing of food products. Based on the subject literature and secondary statistical data, the status of food industry innovativeness and areas of innovative activities related to implementation of technological and non-technological innovations are presented. The activities of enterprises focus on manufacturing new products in response to the ever-changing needs and expectations of consumers. In particular, the production of so-called functional food (which seeks to promote health, minimise the risk of specific diseases, improve psychophysical fitness, lose weight, etc.) is increasingly extensive. Manufacturers must also improve the technologies and techniques of product manufacturing, packaging and storage. 

scholarly journals Incorporation of Fermented Brewers Spent Grain in the Production of Sourdough Bread

Fermentation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Frank Vriesekoop ◽  
Annie Haynes ◽  
Niels van der Heijden ◽  
Hao Liang ◽  
Paraskevi Paximada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Acids ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Western World ◽  
Brewing Industry ◽  
Baking Process ◽  
Sourdough Bread ◽  
Spent Grain ◽  
Food Economy ◽  
Type 3

The utilisation of food production by-products back into food production within a circular food economy is one of the driving examples to improve sustainability within the food industry. Brewers spent grain is the most abundant by-product from the brewing industry, with currently most of it being used as animal feed. In this study, we utilised brewers spent grain as a substrate in a solid-state fermentation in order to produce a Type-3 sourdough culture. Sourdough bread is becoming increasingly popular throughout the western world. The use of fermented brewers spent grain in the production of sourdough bread yielded sourdough bread that was acceptable by consumers. We also investigated the production and presence of the main organic acids in sourdough during the proofing process and the baking process. The baking trials showed that there was a reduction in both lactic and acetic acid content during the actual baking process. The reduction in the concentration of both organic acids appears to be at the heart of the observation that for both organic acids, there is typically a lower concentration in the crust compared to the crumb of the sourdough breads, which was observed in our sourdough breads and those commercially available.

scholarly journals The Brown Seaweeds of Scotland, Their Importance and Applications

Environments ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Omar Al-Dulaimi ◽  
Mostafa E. Rateb ◽  
Andrew S. Hursthouse ◽  
Gary Thomson ◽  
Mohammed Yaseen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Treatment ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Diversity ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Brown Seaweeds ◽  
Extraction And Separation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Phytochemical Profiles

More than 50% of the UK coastline is situated in Scotland under legislative jurisdiction; therefore, there is a great opportunity for regionally focused economic development by the rational use of sustainable marine bio-sources. We review the importance of seaweeds in general, and more specifically, wrack brown seaweeds which are washed from the sea and accumulated in the wrack zone and their economic impact. Rules and regulations governing the harvesting of seaweed, potential sites for harvesting, along with the status of industrial application are discussed. We describe extraction and separation methods of natural products from these seaweeds along with their phytochemical profiles. Many potential applications for these derivatives exist in agriculture, energy, nutrition, biomaterials, waste treatment (composting), pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and other applications. The chemical diversity of the natural compounds present in these seaweeds is an opportunity to further investigate a range of chemical scaffolds, evaluate their biological activities, and develop them for better pharmaceutical or biotechnological applications. The key message is the significant opportunity for the development of high value products from a seaweed processing industry in Scotland, based on a sustainable resource, and locally regulated.

scholarly journals A high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly of the Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas N Generalovic ◽  
Shane A McCarthy ◽  
Ian A Warren ◽  
Jonathan M D Wood ◽  
James Torrance ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Assembly ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Genomic Variation ◽  
Runs Of Homozygosity ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Chromosome Conformation ◽  
Important Species

Abstract Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae), the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) is an increasingly important species for bioconversion of organic material into animal feed. We generated a high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly of the BSF using Pacific Bioscience, 10X Genomics linked read and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture sequencing technology. Scaffolding the final assembly with Hi-C data produced a highly contiguous 1.01 Gb genome with 99.75% of scaffolds assembled into pseudochromosomes representing seven chromosomes with 16.01 Mb contig and 180.46 Mb scaffold N50 values. The highly complete genome obtained a BUSCO completeness of 98.6%. We masked 67.32% of the genome as repetitive sequences and annotated a total of 16,478 protein-coding genes using the BRAKER2 pipeline. We analysed an established lab population to investigate the genomic variation and architecture of the BSF revealing six autosomes and an X chromosome. Additionally, we estimated the inbreeding coefficient (1.9%) of a lab population by assessing runs of homozygosity. This provided evidence for inbreeding events including long runs of homozygosity on chromosome five. Release of this novel chromosome-scale BSF genome assembly will provide an improved resource for further genomic studies, functional characterisation of genes of interest and genetic modification of this economically important species.

Impact of age, size, and sex on adult black soldier fly [Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae)] thermal preference

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
N.F. Addeo ◽  
C. Li ◽  
T.W. Rusch ◽  
A.J. Dickerson ◽  
A.M. Tarone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Thermal Gradient ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Mass Rearing ◽  
Thermal Preference ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Surface Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

Population growth and rapid urbanisation have increased the global demand for animal feed and protein sources. Therefore, traditional animal feed production should be increased through the use of alternative nutrient sources. Insects as feed are beginning to fill this need. One such insect is the black soldier fly, Hermetia illucens L. (Diptera: Stratiomyidae). However, to more effectively mass produce the black soldier fly, a better understanding of its thermal biology is needed. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of age, size, and sex on adult black soldier fly thermal preference. The thermal preference of adult black soldier flies was determined by exposing flies to a thermal gradient with a range of surface temperatures and monitoring their positions over time. An aluminium plate was used to create a linear thermal gradient where surface temperatures ranged from ~15-60 °C. Flies were distinguished by age (1-d-post-emergence vs 7-d-post-emergence), size (large vs small) and sex (male vs female) to assess whether thermal preference differed by specific life-history traits. Thermal preference for 7-d-post-emergence adults was significantly lower (19.2 °C) than 1-d-post-emergence adults (28.7 °C), respectively. Similarly, small adults selected significantly cooler (21.1 °C) temperatures than large adults (26.9 °C). No significant differences in thermal preferences were found between sex, regardless of age or size. In fact, males and females had similar thermal preference of 23.8 and 24.2 °C, respectively. This study reveals that multiple life-history traits of adult black soldier fly affect their thermal preference, and thus should be taken into consideration by mass rearing facilities to optimize production.

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