scholarly journals IMPROVED CONSTRAINT HANDLING APPROACH FOR PREDICTIVE FUNCTIONAL CONTROL USING AN IMPLIED CLOSED-LOOP PREDICTION

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-338
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah ◽  
John Anthony Rossiter ◽  
Alia Farhana Abdul Ghaffar

Predictive Functional Control is a simple alternative to the traditional PID controller which has the capability to handle process constraints more systematically. Nevertheless, the most basic form of PFC has suffered from ill-posed prediction due to its simplicity in formulation and assumption of constant future input dynamics. Although some constraints can be satisfied, nevertheless the performance may be very conservative due to this issue. The main objective of this paper is to improve the constrained performance of a PFC controller with a minimum modification of the existing formulation. Specifically, a novel constraint handling approach for PFC is proposed based on an implied closed-loop prediction. Instead of assuming a constant input as deployed in the conventional open-loop prediction, the implied closed-loop input dynamics are utilised to detect future constraint violations. In addition, a future perturbation is introduced into the prediction structure as an extra degree of freedom for satisfying the constraints. Two simulation results confirm that the proposed approach gives far less conservative constraint handling and thus better control performance compared to the nominal PFC. Furthermore, this novel implementation also alleviates the well-known tuning difficulties and prediction inconsistency issues that are associated with conventional PFC when handling constraints. ABSTRAK: Kawalan Kefungsian Ramalan adalah alternatif mudah kepada kawalan tradisional PID yang mempunyai kekangan keupayaan bagi mengawal proses secara lebih tersusun. Namun, keadaan paling asas pada kesan PFC adalah daripada ramalan tak teraju-rapi yang disebabkan oleh formula ringkas dan anggapan dinamik input yang sama bagi masa depan. Walau kekangan ini dapat diatasi, namun prestasi akan berubah secara konservatif disebabkan oleh isu ini. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah bagi membaiki kekangan prestasi kawalan PFC dengan modifikasi minimum formula yang ada. Secara spesifik, pendekatan nobel kawalan PFC dicadangkan berdasarkan ramalan lingkaran-tertutup. Selain anggapan input tetap seperti yang dilakukan pada ramalan lingkaran-terbuka yang konservatif, dinamik input yang dibuat pada lingkaran-tertutup telah digunakan bagi mengesan kekangan masa depan yang bertentangan. Tambahan, gangguan yang bakal berlaku pada masa depan telah diperkenalkan ke dalam struktur ramalan sebagai tambahan darjah pada kebebasan bagi mengatasi kekangan. Dua dapatan simulasi kajian menyetujui pendekatan yang dicadangkan dan menyebabkan sangat kurang kekangan pengendalian pada sistem konservatif, oleh itu kawalan yang lebih bagus pada prestasi  berbanding pada PFC nominal. Selain itu, pendekatan nobel ini juga menghilangkan kesukaran pelarasan yang dikenali ramai dan ramalan isu tidak konsisten yang terdapat pada PFC konvensional apabila mengendali kekangan.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Marcel Schwarz-Wolf ◽  
Martin Dalgaard Ulriksen ◽  
Dawid Augustyn ◽  
Martin Skovmand Jensen ◽  
Ronnie Refstrup Pedersen

Structural monitoring of wind turbines often involves the use of a numerical model, which must be regularly updated to yield an adequate representation of the governing dynamics. The model updating can be cast as an inverse problem, in which selected model parameters are estimated by minimizing the discrepancy between experimental target poles and model-predicted ones. An issue that may prevail in this setting is that the problem will be ill-posed, because the number of model parameters to be updated exceeds the number of target poles. The noted issue can be remedied by a virtual implementation of output feedback, which allows for computation of multiple closed-loop (CL) eigenstructures through non-linear transformations of the open-loop transfer matrix. The present paper offers an application study, in which virtual output feedback is used for updating numerical wind turbine models based on CL system poles. In particular, we explore the feasibility of employing the excitation stemming from the blade pitch control system as the input in the open-loop input-output realization required in the virtual output feedback. The methodological concept is outlined, and subsequently the applicability of the procedure is tested numerically in the context of simulations with a finite element model of a parked wind turbine. The preliminary findings suggest that procedures for customizing the pitch excitation to yield sufficient system excitation are required for the CL model updating to be feasible.


Processes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Abdullah ◽  
John Rossiter

Predictive functional control (PFC) is a fast and effective controller that is widely used for processes with simple dynamics. This paper proposes some techniques for improving its reliability when applied to systems with more challenging dynamics, such as those with open-loop unstable poles, oscillatory modes, or integrating modes. One historical proposal considered is to eliminate or cancel the undesirable poles via input shaping of the predictions, but this approach is shown to sometimes result in relatively poor performance. Consequently, this paper proposes to shape these poles, rather than cancelling them, to further enhance the tuning, feasibility, and stability properties of PFC. The proposed modification is analysed and evaluated on several numerical examples and also a hardware application.


2021 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 147-152
Author(s):  
Muhammad Saleheen Aftab ◽  
John Anthony Rossiter

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Runzhi Wang ◽  
Xuemin Li ◽  
Yufei Liu ◽  
Wenjie Fu ◽  
Shuang Liu ◽  
...  

A novel control scheme based on multiple model predictive functional control (MMPFC) is proposed to solve the cumbersome and time-consuming parameters tuning of the speed controller for a marine diesel engine. It combines the MMPFC with traditional PID algorithm. In each local linearization, a first-order plus time delay (FOPTD) model is adopted to be the approximate submodel. To overcome the model mismatches under the load disturbance conditions, we introduce a method to estimate the open-loop gain of the speed control model, by which the predictive multimodels are modified online. Thus, the adaptation and robustness of the proposed controller can be improved. A cycle-detailed hybrid nonlinear engine model rather than a common used mean value engine model (MVEM) is developed to evaluate the control performance. In such model, the marine engine is treated as a whole system, and the discreteness in torque generation, the working imbalance among different cylinders, and the cycle delays are considered. As a result, more reliable and practical validation can be achieved. Finally, numerical simulation of both steady and dynamic performances of the proposed controller is carried out based on the aforementioned engine model. A conventional well-tuned PID with integral windup scheme is adopted to make a comparison. The results emphasize that the proposed controller is with stable and adaptive ability but without needing complex and tough parameters regulation. Moreover, it has excellent disturbance rejection ability by modifying the predictive multimodels online.


Author(s):  
Jianguo Guo ◽  
Guoqing Wang ◽  
Zongyi Guo ◽  
Jun Zhou

In this paper, an augmented predictive functional control approach is investigated to design a missile autopilot system, which can be expressed as a linear model with state-dependent coefficient matrices. A novel performance index depending on the reference trajectory, the output prediction and the set-point is proposed to improve the closed-loop dynamic performance. An augmented predictive functional control strategy is designed based on the proposed index and the stability is proven by using the Z-transform. In order to demonstrate the performance of the proposed approach, numerical simulations comparing the predictive functional control in the missile autopilot system are performed. Finally, results from comprehensive simulations are presented to evaluate the proposed approach in the presence of input constraints and abrupt disturbances.


2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Tianxiao Wang

This article is concerned with linear quadratic optimal control problems of mean-field stochastic differential equations (MF-SDE) with deterministic coefficients. To treat the time inconsistency of the optimal control problems, linear closed-loop equilibrium strategies are introduced and characterized by variational approach. Our developed methodology drops the delicate convergence procedures in Yong [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 369 (2017) 5467–5523]. When the MF-SDE reduces to SDE, our Riccati system coincides with the analogue in Yong [Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. 369 (2017) 5467–5523]. However, these two systems are in general different from each other due to the conditional mean-field terms in the MF-SDE. Eventually, the comparisons with pre-committed optimal strategies, open-loop equilibrium strategies are given in details.


2020 ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Erdal Sehirli

This paper presents the comparison of LED driver topologies that include SEPIC, CUK and FLYBACK DC-DC converters. Both topologies are designed for 8W power and operated in discontinuous conduction mode (DCM) with 88 kHz switching frequency. Furthermore, inductors of SEPIC and CUK converters are wounded as coupled. Applications are realized by using SG3524 integrated circuit for open loop and PIC16F877 microcontroller for closed loop. Besides, ACS712 current sensor used to limit maximum LED current for closed loop applications. Finally, SEPIC, CUK and FLYBACK DC-DC LED drivers are compared with respect to LED current, LED voltage, input voltage and current. Also, advantages and disadvantages of all topologies are concluded.


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