scholarly journals The Effect of Diet Control on the Leptin Levels in Diabetic Pregnant Women

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muna KA ◽  
Mokhtar A ◽  
Saad MA ◽  
Ahmed AA ◽  
Akbar JB
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Medical Complication ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Standard Normal ◽  
Diet Control ◽  
In Pregnancy

Introduction: Leptin is an adipokine that has strong correlation with the body mass index (BMI). Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common medical complication associated with pregnancy. Leptin may lose its correlation with the body mass index (BMI) during diabetes due to hormonal rearrangement. Diet control is the first line management in GDM. Leptin reported to increase in pregnancy and further increases in diabetic patients during GDM screening. There is paucity in the reports concerning Leptin levels in GDM patients on diet control. The present study was aimed to evaluate the changes in maternal leptin in pregnancy complicated by GDM on diet control compared to the normal pregnancy in the 3rd trimesters by comparing the means and to find the correlation of Leptin with the body mass index in both groups. Methods: The study included 2 groups: normal pregnancy (n = 40) and pregnancy with GDM under diet control (n = 60) both groups are at 38-40 weeks of gestation. Leptin concentration in serum was measured in both groups and statistically tested using student t test. The BMI were measured and correlated with the Leptin level in test groups. Results: the results indicated that Leptin will nearly triple in the third trimester (38±30 ng/ml) of pregnancy compared to the standard normal non-pregnant. Leptin level was significantly lower in diabetic women on diet control (28±16 ng/ ml) when compared with the non-diabetics (38±30 ng/ml). The hormone has no correlation with the age of the patients but have a positive correlation with the body mass index before and during pregnancy in both groups. Conclusion: Leptin is increasing in pregnancy as part of the physiological changes. Dieting can decrease Leptin level in diabetics’ pregnant women. Diet can restore the hormonal dysregulation of Leptin. Assessment of Leptin level might be used as an indicator for good diet control during pregnancy.

scholarly journals Concept and connotation of oxidative stress in preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (03) ◽  
pp. 276-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hayder M. Al-Kuraishy ◽  
Ali I. Al-Gareeb ◽  
Thabat J. Al-Maiahy
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Related Disorder

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Preeclampsia (PE) is a systemic pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension, proteinuria, and edema. Free radicals seem to play an important role in the induction of endothelial dysfunction in PE. AIM: The aim of the present study was to investigate serum levels of nitric oxide (NO), peroxynitrite (ONOO−), paraoxonase (PON-1), malondialdehyde (MDA), and lipid profile in preeclamptic patients compared to the women with normal pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 68 pregnant women were recruited. They were divided into two groups - Group A, 40 women were a newly diagnosed with PE and Group B, 28 women with normal pregnancy. Anthropometric measurements including body mass index and blood pressure in accordance with biochemical measurements including NO, ONOO−, PON-1, MDA, and lipid profile were done for preeclamptic pregnant women compared to the controls. RESULTS: Pregnant women with pre-eclampsia illustrated insignificant differences in the age (31.22±2.87) compared to the age of control P > 0.05. There were significant changes in the body mass index (BMI) , type of delivery and smoking status of pregnant women with pre-eclampsia compared to the control P < 0.05. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were high in pregnant women with pre-eclampsia compared to the control P < 0.01. PON-1 and NO serum levels were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) while ONOO− and MDA serum levels were significantly increased in PE compared to the women with normal pregnancy. Conclusions: This study concluded that PE is associated with the augmentation of oxidative stress and reduction of endogenous antioxidant capacity regarding PON-1.

scholarly journals Effects of Triphala on Lipid and Glucose Profiles and Anthropometric Parameters: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2110110
Author(s):  
Wiraphol Phimarn ◽  
Bunleu Sungthong ◽  
Hiroyuki Itabe
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters

Aim. The efficacy of triphala on lipid profile, blood glucose and anthropometric parameters and its safety were assessed. Methods. Databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Thai Library Integrated System (ThaiLIS) were systematically searched to review current evidence of randomized controlled trials (RCT) on triphala. RCTs investigating the safety and efficacy of triphala on lipid profile, blood glucose and anthropometric parameters were included. Study selection, data extraction, and quality assessment were performed independently by 2 authors. Results. Twelve studies on a total of 749 patients were included. The triphala-treated groups showed significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, total cholesterol and triglyceride in 6 studies. Five RCTs demonstrated triphala-treated groups led to statistically significant decrease in body weight, body mass index and waist circumference of obese patients. Moreover, triphala significantly decreased fasting blood glucose level in diabetic patients but not in people without diabetes. No serious adverse event associated with triphala was reported during treatment. Conclusions. This review summarized a current evidence to show triphala might improve the lipid profile, blood glucose, the body weight, body mass index and waist circumference under certain conditions. However, large well-designed RCTs are required to confirm this conclusion.

Relationship of age and the body mass index to selected hypertensive complications in pregnancy

2001 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Hrazdilová ◽  
V. Unzeitig ◽  
V. Znojil ◽  
L. Izakovicová-Hollá ◽  
P. Janků ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
The Body ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
In Pregnancy

scholarly journals Socio-demographic factors and cervical length in pregnancy

2008 ◽  
Vol 61 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 443-451 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djordje Petrovic ◽  
Aleksandra Novakov-Mikic ◽  
Vesna Mandic
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cervical Length ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Moment

The cervical length is an important factor in the risk evaluation of preterm delivery. The aim of this work was to determine the correlation between the cervical length and the demographic characteristics. A transversal type prospective study was done on a sample of 579 pregnant women at various gestational age of low risk mono-fetal pregnancy. The cervical length was measured by trans-vaginal ultrasound procedure within the regular pregnancy monitoring process. The following data were taken into consideration: the woman's age, her body mass at the beginning of the pregnancy and her height in order to calculate the body mass index as well as her smoking habit at the moment of conception. The mean cervical length was 34.3 mm and 35 mm in the group of women aged 30 and less and 31 and over, respectively. The cervix was insignificantly shorter in younger women (being 34.9 mm/35.9 mm in the 1st trimester, 34.5 mm/35.1 mm in the 2nd one and 33.9 mm/34.7 mm in the 3rd trimester). The sample of 579 pregnant women consisted of 448 non-smokers and 131 smokers. The difference in the length of the cervix in smokers and non-smokers was not significant (being 32.2 mm/35.9 mm; 35 mm/34 mm and 34.4 mm/33.5 mm in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd trimester, respectively). The correlation between the body mass index and the cervical length was analyzed by trimesters. In the first trimester the increase in the body mass index was followed by the shortening of the cervix; the cervical length was not affected by the BMI in the second trimester, whereas the higher the body mass index the longer the cervix in the third trimester. Our study has shown that the cervical length is affected neither by the age of the woman nor her smoking habit but it is affected by the body mass index at the moment of conception, that linear trend being negative in the 1st trimester but positive in the 3rd one. Since the cervical length may be affected not only by the socio-demographic characteristics but the gynecologic obstetric history of the woman as well, we strongly suggest further investigations in this field.

scholarly journals Changes in anthropometric and metabolic parameters in pregnancy and neonatal physical development during last decades

Medicina ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gražina Drąsutienė ◽  
Janina Tutkuvienė ◽  
Jolita Zakarevičienė ◽  
Diana Ramašauskaitė ◽  
Žaneta Kasilovskienė ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anthropometric Parameters ◽  
Changes In Pregnancy ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective. To evaluate changes in anthropometric and biochemical parameters in pregnancy and their dynamics during last two decades and to determine the association between anthropometric and biochemical parameters, their influence on fetal and neonatal development. Material and methods. In 1985–2005, anthropometric (height, body mass, weight gain during pregnancy, pelvic measurements, skinfold thicknesses, passive body mass) and biochemical (cholesterol, triglyceride, protein, and iron levels) parameters, their correlation, changes in pregnancy were examined; also the correlations between these parameters and neonatal body mass indices were evaluated. In 1986–1987, 383 pregnant women were examined, in 1998 – 130, and in 2003–2005 – 133. Results. During 20 years, the height of examined women increased on an average of 2.5 cm; they became thinner; body mass index decreased. The body composition became similar to “cylinder” shape due to decreased thickness of adipose tissue in the limbs. The dimensions of bony pelvis – external conjugate and bicristal diameters – decreased. Primiparous women became older (1995 – 22.5 years of age, 2004 – 27.6). At the beginning of investigation, the weight gain was on an average of 21.9% of body mass before pregnancy (13.3 kg) and at the end – 23.9% (14.2 kg). The values of anthropometric parameters vary in a consistent pattern during pregnancy: the lower body mass and body mass index at the beginning of pregnancy, the higher weight gain at the end of pregnancy. Blood serum levels of cholesterol, triglycerides, and especially iron were decreased during the study. Conclusions. An inverse correlation between body mass index and lipid metabolism in pregnancy was revealed: the higher body mass index was at the beginning of pregnancy, the lower increase in lipid concentration was during pregnancy. At the beginning of investigation as well as after 20 years, women with low body mass index showed the most significant anthropometric and lipid metabolic changes in pregnancy.

scholarly journals The relationship between body mass index, body image, and sexual function: A survey on Iranian pregnant women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahtab Senobari ◽  
Elham Azmoude ◽  
Marziyeh Mousavi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Sexual Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Sexual Function ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The prevalence of sexual problems is high during pregnancy. Despite this, there are limited data about the impact of physical and psychological factors such as body weight and body image on sexual function in pregnant women. Objective: To investigate the relationship between body mass index, body image, and sexual function among pregnant women. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 206 Iranian pregnant women (106 with normal weight and 100 overweight women) in their 2nd and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy were surveyed. Survey instruments included the Female Sexual Function Index and Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire. Results: The prevalence of female sexual disorder was 72.3% in this survey. Diminished sexual desire/appetite was the most common problem reported by the participants (37.9%). The mean score of sexual problem and body image were not significantly different among overweight and normal weight women in the 2nd (p = 0.945 and p = 0.800, respectively) and 3rd trimesters of pregnancy (p = 0.310 and p = 0.507, respectively). Further, there were no relationships between the body mass index plus body image and the total female sexual function score (p = 0.44 and p = 0.837, respectively). However, the relationship between the appearance evaluation with lubrication (p = 0.043) and subjective weight with two subscales of sexual satisfaction (p = 0.005) and orgasm (p = 0.019) were significant. Conclusion: The findings from this study revealed that there were no relationships between body mass index plus body image score and the sexual function in pregnancy. Therefore, a further research is recommended to study other potential factors affecting sexual function during pregnancy.

scholarly journals CLINICAL FEATURES AND LABORATORY PARAMETERS IN PREGNANT WOMEN WITH NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND OBESITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
L. V. BAHNIY ◽  
S. N. HERYAK ◽  
N. I. BAHNIY
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Group I ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Today, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common pathology and pressing problem in pregnant women, especially among overweight, as the incidence of obese women of childbearing age is rapidly increasing. Disorders of lipid metabolism, which is an integral part of this disease, lead to pathological changes in the functional state of the liver, which in turn have a negative impact on pregnancy and lead to the formation of obstetric and perinatal complications. THE AIM OF OUR STUDY was to evaluate the clinical and laboratory markers of liver disorders in pregnant women with NAFLD depending on body mass index. MATERIALS AND METHODS. We’ve examined 98 pregnant women with NAFLD at the stage of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) in combination with obesity. The age of the examined women ranged from 21 to 35 years (mean age 30.5 ± 1.5 years). The control group consisted of 30 almost healthy pregnant women. Depending on the body mass index (BMI), all surveyed women are divided into three groups: Group I - overweight pregnant women, Group II - pregnant women with grade I obesity, Group III - pregnant women with grade II obesity. We evaluated the incidence of major clinical complaints and changes in blood biochemical parameters in pregnant women depending on the increasing of BMI. RESULTS. When comparing the clinical manifestations of NAFLD on the stage of NASH in pregnant, the highest frequency is observed in the group of examined women with severe obesity compared with the group of patients with moderate obesity and overweight: symptoms of asthenic syndrome (increased fatigue, sleep disturbances, emotional lability, decreased and increased appetite) in 91.6.0%, 79.1% and 61.5% of patients (p<0.05), manifestations of dyspepsia  (constipation, nausea, flatulence) - in 87.5%, 54% and 34.6% patients (p <0.05), feeling of heaviness or moderate pain in the right hypochondrium - in 62.5% 50% and 30.7% of patients, respectively (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS. It has been established that pregnant women with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease on the stage of nonalcoholic steatohepatitits have pronounced clinical picture of the disease, which depends on the increase in BMI. It was found that in pregnant women with NAFLD liver dysfunction occurs on the background of grade I obesity, which can be considered as an early marker of steatohepatitis and risk of obstetric complications.

scholarly journals Leptin and Lipid Profile in Overweight Patient with Type 1 Diabetes

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soha M. Abd El Dayem ◽  
Mona Abd El Kader ◽  
Soheir Ibrahim ◽  
Enas Mokhtar ◽  
Eman Abd El Megeed
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Glycosylated Haemoglobin ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Hip Circumference ◽  
Increased Risk

AIM: To evaluate leptin and lipid profile in overweight patients with type 1 diabetes.PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 50 overweight patients with type 1 diabetes and 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. Blood samples were taken for evaluation of glycosylated haemoglobin, lipid profile and leptin. Also, urine samples were taken for evaluation of albumin/creatinine ratio.RESULTS: Leptin level was significantly lower in overweight with type 1 diabetes and showed a significant positive correlation with hip circumference and body mass index and negative correlation with glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c). Leptin level was significantly lower in overweight diabetic patients with HbA1c > 7.5 %. The best cut-off point between overweight diabetic group and control group regarding leptin levels was found at 16.9 (ng/ml) with a sensitivity of 68% and specificity of 56%, area under the curve 0.623.CONCLUSION: Leptin levels were found to be low in overweight patients with type 1 diabetes and showed correlation with the body mass index and hip circumference. LDL was significantly higher while HDL was significantly lower in the diabetic, overweight group indicating increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Leptin level in overweight diabetic patients might be related to the metabolic control.

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