scholarly journals Strategic concept of national economy development in the focus of design management

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-62
Author(s):  
Natalia O. Prokopenko
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
Household Incomes

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the strategic concept of national economy development in the focus of design management. Methodology. General scientific methods are used in the research, in particular theoretical generalization – to determine the theoretical foundations and trends of content and components of design management; system economic analysis – to substantiate the model of strategic economic transformations management in the context of design management; statistical analysis, namely correlation-regression analysis – to study the relationship between macroeconomic indicators and social indicators. Results. It is proved that the current economic model of the national economy is unsuitable for achieving the goals of sustainable development, ensuring the competitiveness of the state in the global environment and a decent standard of living in the long run. Attempts to improve (reform) certain parameters and components of the outdated model may lead to a loss of time and resources, which will cause Ukraine to further lag behind the developed countries of the world. Solving the problem of ensuring a decent living standard for citizens and the human potential development requires a comprehensive reengineering of the structure and processes of the socio-economic system based on design management. Design management is an innovative concept of thinking. The study of its features allowed to formulate our own approach to determining the strategic management of the national economy. Under this approach, it is proposed to understand the process of designing a socio-economic model of development. The parameters of its operation will guarantee a decent satisfaction level of the population needs in the long run, the choice of a system of optimal strategies and mechanisms for their implementation, taking into account the factors of national security and environmental protection. The corresponding model of strategic management of economic transformations is substantiated. The main directions and priorities of economic policy (sectoral, fiscal, tariff, customs and public procurement policy) aimed at the implementation of qualitative structural transformations to ensure economic growth of the national economy in the strategic perspective are given. The correlation-regression analysis of influence of separate macroeconomic parameters is carried out. Among them: GDP, gross value added, gross capital formation and export balance, ensuring household income growth and employment. According to the design concept, they are key factors in social development. According to the analysis results the number of people employed in the economy by 72–73% correlates with GDP and GVA growth, but this relationship turned out to be negative. One of the reasons for the negative correlation may be the growth of labour productivity due to the introduction of innovative technologies. Practical meaning. Employment growth is also negatively affected by the processes of optimizing the number of employees in enterprises due to certain structural changes, including reduction of the share of industry in the structure of GDP, reduction of employees in the budget sphere and increase of the services sector, which does not require such a large number of employees. In the future, the extrapolation of these trends threatens to further deteriorate the labour market. Prospects for further research. Using correlation-regression analysis, close correlations have been established between household incomes and the growth of gross value added in the economy, the increase in the export balance and the gross accumulation of capital. Using correlation-regression analysis, close correlations have been established between household incomes and the growth of gross value added in the economy, the increase in the export balance and the gross accumulation of capital. This indicates the priority of developing economic activities with a high level of value added, increasing exports and capital investment as imperative factors in reducing poverty in the long run.

Estimation of economic specialization of Ukrainian regions in the context of global trends

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-31
Author(s):  
Svitlana Ishchuk ◽  
Lyubomyr Sozanskyy
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Commodity Prices ◽  
Value Added ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Agricultural Commodity ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Its Regions ◽  
Economic Specialization

The scale and deep heterogeneity of the national economy of Ukraine in the regional context make the relevance of scientific research in this thematic area. The purpose of the article is to determine the economic specialization of the regions of Ukraine by key economic activities contributing to the formation of gross value added, as well as outlining the potential risks to the national economy, taking into account the situation on world commodity markets. The results of the research showed that one of the consequences of the unstable dynamics of industrial production in Ukraine under the influence of geopolitical and macroeconomic factors is the reduction of industrial specialization of the economy of a number of Ukrainian regions. Thus, in 2017 the manufacturing was the leading economic activity (with the highest share in the gross value added created) in 11 regions, compared to 15 in 2012. So Poltava, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk and Zaporizhzhya regions are considered to be “highly industrial”. At the same time, the agrarian specialization of the economy of Ukraine and its regions deepened – in 2017 agriculture became the leading type of economic activity in 11 regions (compared to 7 in 2012). The most “agrarian” in Ukraine (with a share of agriculture in gross value added over 30%) in 2017 became the Kherson, Kirovohrad and Khmelnytsky regions. Increasing the level of “agrarianization” of the national economy in the context of volatility of agricultural commodity prices on the world markets poses significant risks for the socio-economic development of Ukraine and its regions. These risks are exacerbated by the high amplitude of fluctuations in the volume and structure of domestic agricultural products and the low degree of processing of raw materials. To improve the structure of domestic commodity exports (in the direction of increasing its share of products with a higher degree of processing) and to deepen its diversification, a number of measures should be carried out aimed at stimulating export activity of enterprises (industrial and agro-industrial), carrying out technical and technological re-equipment of industrial and export production bases, creation of new high-tech industries on the basis of the implementation of powerful innovation and investment projects.

scholarly journals The Shift-Share Method: An Instrument for Analyzing the Dynamics of Industry Structure of the Economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 36-47
Author(s):  
Т. Ye. Trubnik ◽  
О. К. Mazurenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Financial Services ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
Regional Factors ◽  
Bank System ◽  
The Impact

The socio-economic events of the latest years and uncertainties in the vectors of development of the economic environment cause the need for robust statistical assessment. An important area of studies of the modern economy is determining the type of economic growth. The shift-share method is applied to determine the effect of the impact of national, industrial and regional factors on the dynamics of economic growth. The shares of effects (effects of the impact) caused by national economy trends, industry mix and region-specific factors are identified and analyzed. The position of economic activities in the industry mix of the Kyiv economy is analyzed and assessed by indicators of gross value added and number of employees with consideration to three components. The impact of each of them caused by the national factors, the established industry mix of the national economy and the internal competitiveness of a specific industry of the region are characterized. Factor decomposition of the change in the indicators caused by the national component, industry-specific and region-specific effects reveals that the overall growth in the gross value added by economic activity in Kyiv is to a large extent conditional on the effective industry policy and to the least extent on regional factors. However, the employment reduction in the Ukrainian capital was caused by the impact of national and industry factors, and was not compensated by the positive local effect. It is revealed that the stable flagship position is taken by financial and insurance activities, in spite of recent reforms in the bank sector with cleansing the bank system from ineffective and nontransparent entities. Kyiv remains to be the core center for concentration of financial services. The progressive growth in the construction market meets the needs of the megalopolis with its increasing population. The residents’ desire to expand the dwelling size and improve the living conditions helps improve business climate in the construction sector, increase its growth rates and share in the gross regional product (indirectly, through the gross value added).       The section “Information and telecommunications” stands steadily on the top positions. Its rapid development, as a signal of the digital economy, enables for momentary exchanges of information and services on the domestic and external market, thus creating favorable prospects.   The analysis of the composition of the problem group and the outsider group among the economic activities reveals the stable presence of manufacturing and social industries. Enterprises of the sections “Manufacturing”, “Supply of electricity, gas, steam and conditioned air”, “Supply of water, sanitation, treatment of wastes” have a stock of problems and system drawbacks; they suffer from lack of investment and innovation, they have no strong orientation on the challenges of modernity and market needs, which weakens the positions of the Ukrainian capitals’ economy as the industrial center. It is proposed to use the graphic method for illustrating the distribution of economic activities in Kyiv by quality characteristics of operation. The factors accelerating or hampering the development of economic activities in the region are determined. Recommendations on management decisions related with future operation of industries referred to as “leaders”, “regulars”, problematic industries and outsiders are given.

scholarly journals Effect of service quality assessment on perception of TOP hotels in terms of sentiment polarity in the Visegrad group countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 721-742
Author(s):  
Robert Stefko ◽  
Richard Fedorko ◽  
Radovan Bacik ◽  
Martin Rigelsky ◽  
Maria Olearova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Services Sector ◽  
Customer Evaluation ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
Visegrad Group

Research background: In the developed countries, the services sector, which also includes the accommodation services, is a significant source of the gross national product. Tourism can be perceived as an important determinant of countries' economies, so attention paid to the needs of clients is at least necessary and beneficial. Purpose of the article: The aim of the study is to assess the quality of services provided and the perception of the hotel from the point of view of the accommodated clients. This objective was fulfilled by determining the effect of selected indicators of perception of the quality of provided services (location, personnel evaluation, cleanliness, equipment, comfort, price/quality ratio of provided services, free Wi-Fi connection) on the indicator determining the perception of the hotel (polarity of sentiment). Methods: In the analysis of the above, 22,000 text-reviews of 117 five-star hotels of the Visegrad Group countries were evaluated. The hotel reviews were obtained from Tripadvisor.com and indicator rankings from Booking.com. The analysis made use of the regression analysis methods ? influence (regulatory models ? Ridge, Lasso, Elastic net, and multiple linear regression ? OLS). Findings & Value added: It has been found out that hotel equipment and cleanliness have the greatest effect on the polarity of sentiment. As could be expected, the trend has an upward tendency ? that is, as quality increases, so does the sentiment polarity ? the perception of hotel facilities. Overall, the analysed sentiment variables can be considered positive, as was confirmed by the positive coefficients of the coherence analysis (Spearman-?; Pearson-r), as well as the upward trend in the predictions under the regression analysis. Hotels should be strategically customer-oriented and, as the analyses show, pay the greatest attention to equipment and cleanliness. The services of accommodation facilities are dominant in terms of satisfaction with the destination in general, so in the long run, they should be given due attention. These findings are particularly beneficial for hotel services provided in the Visegrad Group countries, as no research studies have yet been carried out on customer evaluation of the quality of accommodation facilities using the presented methods.

scholarly journals SPECIFICS OF SECTORAL TRANSFORMATIONS ECONOMY OF UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Sokolova
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Gross Domestic Product ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Tertiary Sector ◽  
Sectoral Structure ◽  
Gross Value Added

The article examines the sectoral transformations in the economy of Ukraine for 2010-2019 and their specifics. The sectoral structure is a generalized characteristic of the qualitative level of development of the national economy, and sectoral transformations have a clear both economic and social manifestation. The sectoral proportions of national economies are constantly monitored by international institutions. Comprehensive research of sectoral transformational transformations at the level of the national economy allows to improve the quality of management decisions in substantiating the state structural policy and mechanisms for its implementation. The aim of the article is to analyze the sectoral transformations in the economy of Ukraine for 2010-2019, based on gross domestic product, gross value added and relative indicators of structural changes. The following research methods were used in the article: dialectical, analysis and synthesis, grouping and classification, economic-statistical, comparative analysis, logical generalization. An analysis of the dynamics of change in the structure of Ukraine's economy in terms of three sectors based on indicators of gross domestic product and gross value added. The quadratic coefficient of "absolute" structural shifts of Kazynets is calculated. The main trends of sectoral changes in the economy of Ukraine during the analyzed period are clarified. Emphasis is placed on the rapid growth of the tertiary sector, mainly due to a decrease in the share of the secondary (industrial) sector. A comparative analysis of the sectoral structure of the distribution of gross value added of Ukraine by the level of gross domestic product per capita with the economies of seventy-two countries. It is emphasized that the transformations that have taken place in the sectoral structure of Ukraine's economy increase its instability and vulnerability to cyclical and other shocks. In order for sectoral changes in Ukraine's economy to be positive and ensure long-term economic growth, it is necessary to change priorities and directions of development in line with modern world trends.

scholarly journals CHANGES IN LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY IN THE AGRIBUSINESS IN EUROPEAN UNION COUNTRIES

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska ◽  
Agnieszka Baer-Nawrocka
Keyword(s):  
National Economy ◽  
Food Industry ◽  
Labour Productivity ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
New Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu ◽  
Means Of Production

The main aim of the paper is to identify the changes in labour productivity in the agribusiness and to define its relationship to labour productivity in the entire national economy of the EU countries. Labour productivity is expressed as gross value added per employee in agribusiness as a whole and its three zones (I – industries manufacturing means of production and services for agriculture and the food industry, II – agriculture, III – food industry). The analysis concerns selected years from 1995 to 2010, which are the most recent available data. The gross value added in agribusiness were calculated by means of the formula suggested by Woś in 1979. As it results from the analyses, despite favorable changes, the productivity of labour in the agribusiness in the new EU Member States remains at a lower level than in most of the EU-15 countries. The main reason behind the differences in the levels of agribusiness labour productivity is a surplus of the labor force in the agriculture in the most EU-12 countries. Moreover, the EU-15 countries especially from Western and Northern Europe demonstrate smaller differences between the labour productivity in agribusiness and other sectors of the national economy.

scholarly journals DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN PROVIDING FUNCTIONALITY OF STRATEGIC DEVELOPMENT DESIGN OF NATIONAL ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
pp. 125-131
Author(s):  
Natalia Prokopenko
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Design Management ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Government ◽  
Transformation Processes

Introduction. The main participants in the transformation processes of the national economy are representatives of government, community and business. Producers and providers of economic products and services act on the business side, and consumers of economic goods and services act on the community side. The government expresses its complicity in the formation of mechanisms of transformational processes of the national economy in the form of normative-legislative and social-regulatory influence on the formation of economic phenomena and processes. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the drivers of economic transformations in ensuring the design functionality of the strategic development of the national economy .. Methods (methodology). The general scientific methods, in particular theoretical generalization - for generalization of drivers of economic transformations in maintenance of functionality of design are applied in research; system economic analysis - to substantiate the model of influence of economic drivers on transformation processes in the context of design management. Results. According to the results of the research, the types of economic activity and economic processes that are the main drivers of national economy development are identified, which are proposed to be divided into two groups depending on strategic objectives, namely: drivers of economic growth and drivers of economic transformations. Drivers of economic growth are industries and types of economic activity, the growth of which stimulates economic growth in other sectors of the economy and directly affects the corresponding GDP growth. At the current stage of development, the main drivers of growth of the national economy are: the development of transport and logistics infrastructure, the information and communications sector and agriculture.

The Service Sector in the Economy in Poland and European Union Countries

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 191-207
Author(s):  
Walentyna Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Service Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Gross Value Added ◽  
European Union Countries ◽  
Service Sectors ◽  
Sector Theory ◽  
The Eu

The role of the service sector in the economy is increasing in the process of socio-economic development. This tendency has been confirmed and explained by the three-sector theory formulated by A.G.B. Fisher, C. Clark, and J. Fourastie. The main goal of the paper is to show development tendencies in service sectors in Poland and the EU countries and assess them in view of the three-sector theory. The share of the service sector in the total employment and in the total gross value added in the years 2005-2013/2014 will be analysed together with two sub-sectors including market and non-market services. The research shows that the share of the service sector in total employment and total gross value added has been recently increasing in Poland as well as in other EU countries, but there is a gap in this process between Poland and the most developed EU countries. Moreover, in Poland, the role of market services has been recently increasing much faster than the role of non-market services. 

Open Door System and Endogenous Growth in Indian Economy: An Empirical Analysis on the Role of Human Capital and R&D in Explaining Industrial Productivity

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-37
Author(s):  
Arjun K. ◽  
Sanjay Kumar ◽  
A. Sankaran ◽  
Mousumi Das
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Real Exchange Rate ◽  
Endogenous Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Capital Formation ◽  
Knowledge Capital ◽  
Test Technique ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Impact

The present study investigates the impact of human capital, knowledge capital which is a function of human capital, and real exchange rate scenario in explaining long-run industrial total factor productivity (TFP) from 1980 to 2015 on the theoretical basis of the open endogenous growth model. The variables employed in the contemporary study include manufacturing value added (MNVA) as industrial output measure, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) as a measure of capital and labour input which is measured using employment data. Gross enrolment ratio (GER) is taken as a measure for human capital formation, expenditure on research and development (R&D) as a proxy for knowledge capital, and real exchange rate indicates global economic shocks. The study involves estimating TFP for Industrial Sector during the post-liberalization period by employing Cobb-Douglas production function. The ARDL bounds test technique for cointegration revealed long-run relation among the varying factors studied. The Toda-Yamamoto causality test concluded bi-directional causality running between, R&D expenditure and Industrial TFP which sends a strong signal to the policymakers for a well-framed long-term integrated approach for human & knowledge capital formation which will act as a strong impetus for manufacturing firms to come up in terms of augmenting production and productivity and expanding foreign market horizon. JEL Classification: D24, E2, J24

Intellectual capital and bank productivity in emerging markets: evidence from Ghana

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul Latif Alhassan ◽  
Nicholas Asare
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Emerging Markets ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Productivity Growth ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Emerging Market ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Malmquist Productivity Index ◽  
Productivity Index ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose This paper examines the effect of intellectual capital on bank productivity in an emerging market in Africa. Design/methodology/approach The Malmquist Productivity Index is employed to estimate productivity growth of 18 banks in Ghana from 2003 to 2011 while the Value Added Intellectual Coefficient is used to measure bank intellectual capital performance. The panel-corrected standard errors estimation technique is used to estimate a panel regression model with Malmquist Productivity Index as the dependent variable. Bank market concentration and bank size are controlled for in the regression analysis. Findings We find productivity growth to be largely driven by efficiency changes compared to technological changes. The results from the regression analysis indicate that Value Added Intellectual Coefficient has a positive effect on the productivity of banks in Ghana. We also find human capital efficiency and capital employed efficiency as the components of Value Added Intellectual Coefficient that drive productivity growth in the banking industry. Bank size and industry concentration are also identified as significant drivers of productivity in the market. Practical implications The study’s findings support investments in intellectual capital as a means of improving the performance of banks in emerging markets Originality/value To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to empirically examine the relationship between intellectual capital and productivity in an emerging banking market in Africa.

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