scholarly journals ESTIMATION OF THE YIELD OF WILD BERRIES TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE LEVEL OF ILLUMINATION OF THE GROUND COVER BY SIMULATION METHODS

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
A. A. Kolycheva ◽  
◽  
S. I. Chumachenko ◽  

Relevance and purpose. Currently known methods of accounting for berry yields are not applicable for multi-species forests of different ages with the presence of undergrowth and undergrowth, widespread in Russia. Difficulties arise due to a set of input parameters, including type of forest growing conditions, breed, age, completeness, but not describing the illumination at the level of the grass-shrub layer, which is the determining factor in the yield of blueberries, cranberries, raspberries. The purpose of this study is to develop an approach to calculating the yield of wild berries, taking into account the illumination at the ground cover level by simulation methods. Material and methods. For the forecast, the FORRUS-S model of forest plantation dynamics is used. The yield data is taken from an existing reference book, which shows productivity in clean plantations without undergrowth and undergrowth. The use of an additional predictor of berry yield, namely, illumination at the level of ground cover, made it possible to predict yields in forests of a more complex structure: multi-species, of different ages, with undergrowth and undergrowth. Results and conclusion. An original approach to calculating the yield of wild berries has been developed. The above approach allows us to estimate the yield of the most common berries in the European part of Russia: blueberries, raspberries, lingonberries. Universal equations have been obtained that make it possible to predict the productivity of berry bushes based on the taxation characteristics of the stand and the illumination calculated in the model.

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-40
Author(s):  
Maksim Lavrenov ◽  
Sergey Vasil'ev ◽  
Vladimir Nikitin ◽  
Vera Savchenkova

Polish larch trees are among the most valuable among forest species both in natural growing conditions and in the conditions of introduction. However, its taxonomic status is not fully resolved due to the similarity in morphological features with European and Siberian larch. We conducted a comparative analysis of these species of larch on the morphological features of cones and needles. The studies were carried out in the conditions of introduction in the center of the European part of Russia. We present the average value of the trait (XSR ± Sx) and the degree of its variation (V %). The reliability of the difference between the samples according to these characteristics was determined based on the calculation of the student's criterion t. As a result, we found that the Polish larch has smaller cones and significantly differs from the European and Siberian larch in all studied features (length of cones, width of cones, number of scales in cones, length of needles). These results indicate the isolation of the Polish larch, but this pattern can be expressed not only when referring to the Polish larch in the rank of an independent species – Larix polonica Racib., but also as a subspecies of European larch (Larix decidua var. polonica (Racib. ex Wóycicki) Ostenf. & Syrach).


2021 ◽  
Vol 845 (1) ◽  
pp. 012066
Author(s):  
M V Simakhin ◽  
S V Tazina ◽  
V A Kryuchkova ◽  
I I Tazin

Abstract The paper presents the results of a study of the decorativeness of pines, which are actively grown on the territory of the European part of Russia. Decorativeness is based on the visual perception of plant habitus. The state of the habitus depends on the genotype and adaptive characteristics in certain growing conditions. The study examined 25 decorative features of 56 species. 24 traits were related to vegetative and generative organs. 1 trait was assessed by the method of weight taxonomy as an indicator of originality of all species for 24 traits. Studies have shown that the total score on a 100-point scale of decorativeness in the studied pines varies from 40 in Pinus heldreichii Chirst and Pinus waschoensis Mason & Stockwell to 68 in Pinus patula Schltdl. & Cham. The research results can be applied when choosing species for cultivation on landscaping objects to increase their aesthetic appeal.


HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 556E-556d
Author(s):  
Tim Woods ◽  
Dwight Wolfe ◽  
Gerald R. Brown

Yield data from a highbush blueberry planting established in 1993 at the Univ. of Kentucky Research and Education Center, Princeton, Ky., was collected over a 5-year period for eight cultivars. The economic impact of yield of each cultivar was calculated for each cultivar using a net present value model based on prevailing market prices and costs of production. These returns were compared across cultivars and an assessment of the economic potential for Kentucky growing conditions was considered. `Duke' and `Sierra' produced the most fruit over the 5-year period of this study. `Duke' was also the earliest ripening cultivar in the planting, with 14.3% of `Duke's fruit ripening during the first week of June. Sunrise also ripened early, with 7.7% of its fruit ripening during the first week of June. Picking for the other cultivars (`Sierra', `Bluecrop', `Blue Gold', `Toro', `Nelson', and `Patriot'), began during the second week of June and was finished for all cultivars by the end of the fourth week of June. An exception was `Nelson', which was picked through the first week of July. Despite relatively low yields observed in the first year of production, `Duke' had the highest net present values for the assumed 12-year life of the planting. The ranking of the other seven cultivars from highest to lowest in terms of their respective net present values was: `Sierra', `Blue Gold', `Bluecrop', `Toro', `Nelson', `Sunrise', and `Patriot'.


Genetika ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-49
Author(s):  
Tejpal Sran ◽  
S.K. Jindal ◽  
Neena Chawla

There is a need for identifying the specific environments for the selection of adapted and stable genotypes for quality traits in chilli pepper. Among these quality traits, pungency and coloring matter are the most important ones, which need to be in stable amounts in final products. Hence, this multi-environmental evaluation of chilli pepper genotypes was done in three distinct environments, to identify the suitable environments for selection and also suitable genotypes for specific quality traits. The study includes 43 chilli genotypes tested for three distinct growing conditions for nine different quality traits at Punjab Agricultural University and data was analyzed using Eberhart & Russell?s model and GGE Biplot analysis. The environmental effect accounts for more than 35% variation for the capsaicin in oleoresin and dry matter content. While the traits namely capsaicin content in red powder (3%) and capsaicin in green chili (4.73%) were least influenced by the environment. The contribution of G?E interactions was ? 25% for all the studied traits except ascorbic acid. The genotype AC 101 was best for capsaicin content in green and red chilli powder across the environments. The data generated from this study help to identify the stable and superior genotypes for quality traits in early, main and late-season planting.


Author(s):  
Sharon Sunny ◽  
P. B. Jayaraj

The computationally hard protein–protein complex structure prediction problem is continuously fascinating to the scientific community due to its biological impact. The field has witnessed the application of geometric algorithms, randomized algorithms, and evolutionary algorithms to name a few. These techniques improve either the searching or scoring phase. An effective searching strategy does not generate a large conformation space that perhaps demands computational power. Another determining factor is the parameter chosen for score calculation. The proposed method is an attempt to curtail the conformations by limiting the search procedure to probable regions. In this method, partial derivatives are calculated on the coarse-grained representation of the surface residues to identify the optimal points on the protein surface. Contrary to the existing geometric-based algorithms that align the convex and concave regions of both proteins, this method aligns the concave regions of the receptor with convex regions of the ligand only and thus reduces the size of conformation space. The method’s performance is evaluated using the 55 newly added targets in Protein–Protein Docking Benchmark v 5 and is found to be successful for around 47% of the targets.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Meng-Si Sun ◽  
Xin-Yi Cai ◽  
Qing Liu ◽  
Cheng-Fei Du ◽  
Zhong-Jun Mo

Neck injury is one of the most frequent spine injuries due to the complex structure of the cervical spine. The high incidence of neck injuries in collision accidents can bring a heavy economic burden to the society. Therefore, knowing the potential mechanisms of cervical spine injury and dysfunction is significant for improving its prevention and treatment. The research on cervical spine dynamics mainly concerns the fields of automobile safety, aeronautics, and astronautics. Numerical simulation methods are beneficial to better understand the stresses and strains developed in soft tissues with investigators and have been roundly used in cervical biomechanics. In this article, the simulation methods for the development and application of cervical spine dynamic problems in the recent years have been reviewed. The study focused mainly on multibody and finite element models. The structure, material properties, and application fields, especially the whiplash injury, were analyzed in detail. It has been shown that simulation methods have made remarkable progress in the research of cervical dynamic injury mechanisms, and some suggestions on the research of cervical dynamics in the future have been proposed.


Author(s):  
Lytvynenko A.O.

Purpose is to substantiate the peculiarities of adaptation to the role of the mother among women with children of different ages in modern conditions.Methods. The article presents guidelines for studying the psychology of motherhood and training in this field. Motherhood is studied in psychology in various aspects, psychological schools and areas. There are many scientific and popular science publications on this issue. Various aspects of maternal behavior are affected in the psychology of personality, in child psychology, pedagogical psychology. The importance of maternal behavior for child development, its complex structure and path of development, the multiplicity of cultural and individual options as well as a huge number of modern studies in this area allow us to speak about the special relevance of studying motherhood as a psychological phenomenon. Results. Differences in the emotional experiences of women associated with the first and second pregnancies are revealed. Both pregnancies caused joyful experiences in most of the women who participated in our study. The news of the first pregnancy was more a source of anxiety and fear. However, later there was a more harmonious attitude of women to the first pregnancy, during the second pregnancy women felt less positive emotions associated with expecting a child, more often experienced anxiety and doubts.Conclusions. It is hypothesized that children of different ages cause different emotional experiences in women. In relation to the first child, mothers more often than to the second, on the one hand, feel delight, pride, and on the other – anxiety and fear. The second child, in comparison with the first, more often causes joy, surprise. Mothers’ perceptions of the personal characteristics of children of different ages have certain features. Mothers perceive the older child as more self-confident, disciplined and independent; mostly treat her as an individual. Women evaluate the youngest child as more extroverted, sociable, open. There are a number of relationships between the characteristics of a woman’s personality and the peculiarities of her attitude to the older and younger child. A woman’s harmonious relationship with her parents has a positive effect on her perception of her own children. Such personality traits as anxiety, self-doubt, low stress resistance, inability to establish interpersonal relationships negatively affect the ability of a woman to harmoniously fulfil the role of mother, her adaptation to the upbringing children of different ages.Key words: psychology of experiences, motherhood, psychology of motherhood, features of adaptation. Мета –обґрунтувати особливості адаптації до ролі матері серед жінок з дітьми різного віку в сучасних умовах. Методи. У статті представлено методичні рекомендації щодо вивчення психології материнства і підготовки фахівців у цій сфері. Материнство вивчається в психології в різних аспектах, психологічних школах і напрямах. Є чимало наукових і науково-популярних видань, присвячених цій проблемі. Різні аспекти материнської поведінки зачіпаються в психології особистості, в дитячій психології, педагогічній психології. Важливість материнської поведінки для розвитку дитини, її складна структура і шлях розвитку, множинність культурних та індивідуальних варіантів, а також величезна кількість сучасних досліджень у цій сфері дозволяють говорити про особливу актуальність вивчення материнства як психологічного феномена. Результати. Виявлено відмінності в емоційних переживаннях жінок, пов’язаних з першою і другою вагітністю. Обидві вагітності у більшості жінок, які взяли участь у нашому дослідженні, викликали радісні переживання. Звістка про першу вагітність більшою мірою була джерелом тривоги, страху. Однак пізніше спостерігалося більш гармонійне ставлення жінок до першої вагітності, під час другої вагітності жінки відчували менше позитивних емоцій, пов’язаних з очікуванням дитини, частіше переживали тривогу, сумніви.Висновки. Запропоновано гіпотезу, що діти різного віку викликають у жінок різні емоційні пережи-вання. Щодо першої дитини матері частіше, ніж до другої, з одного боку, відчувають захват, гордість, а з іншого – тривогу і страх. Друга дитина в порівнянні з першою частіше викликає радість, здивування. Сприйняття матерями особистісних характеристик дітей різного віку має певні особливості. Матері сприймають старшу дитину як більш впевнену в собі, дисципліновану, самостійну, більшою мірою ставляться до неї як до окремої особистості. Молодшу дитину жінки оцінюють як більш екстравертовану, товариську, відкриту. Існує ряд взаємозв’язків між властивостями особистості жінки і особливостями її ставлення до старшої і молодшої дитини. Гармонійні взаємини жінки зі своїми батьками позитивно впливають на її сприйняття власних дітей. Такі особистісні риси, як тривожність, невпевненість у собі, низька стресостійкість, невміння встановлювати міжособистісні відносини негативно впливають на можливості гармонійного здійснення жінкою ролі матері, на її адаптацію до виховання дітей різного віку.Ключові слова: психологія переживань, материнство, психологія материнства, особливості адаптації.


2019 ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
A Yu Cheremisinov ◽  
G A Radtsevich ◽  
A A Cheremisinov ◽  
E V Kulikova

Information technologies are more and more introduced into our life. They are also applied in agriculture under the growing conditions of this industry. It is especially important to manage agricultural processes influenced by rapid changes of climate, limitation of various resources. To overcome diverse uncertainty, it is efficient to use information technologies providing forecast information for high-quality management. The developed online system allows optimizing the economic activity on irrigated lands under the changing climate. Its distinctive feature is the scope of coverage of a considerable territory of the European part of Russia and duration of meteorological observations.


2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Haidel Vargas Madriz ◽  
María Guzmán Martínez ◽  
Jesús Alberto Acuña Soto ◽  
Ausencio Azuara Domínguez ◽  
Pedro Fabián Grifaldo Alcántara ◽  
...  

Tomato is one of the most consumed vegetables per capita in the world; it is grown both in the open and in greenhouses. Nevertheless, under both growing conditions, the problem of pests is quite relevant, especially considering Bactericera cockerelli Sulc, therefore, in this experiment, the life history of this pest insect was determined in two tomato varieties: “Charanda F1” and “Rafaello”, the differences in the development stages of the insect, the mean temperatures of two cycles, and the accumulated heat units. The work consisted of evaluating the development of the instars of B. cockerelli during two crop cycles in both varieties, as well as the accumulation of heat units to differentiate the distinct instars. The insect populations developed in the Rafaello variety had shorter lives and showed a greater death rate of eggs than did those that developed in Charanda F1. Temperature was another determining factor; the lower the temperature, the longer the lives. Likewise, heat units were different between the two varieties; in Rafaello, 598.13 heat units were needed while in Charanda F1 only 464.98. These differences might be due to the morphological characteristics of each variety such as the presence of trichomes and oils. Thus, we suggest that these variables be studied in future research works.


10.12737/3340 ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-26
Author(s):  
Киселева ◽  
Aleksandra Kiseleva ◽  
Хван ◽  
Yuriy Khvan

There is a relationship between the properties of wood. Percentage of late wood – wood macrostructure characterization is a definite relation to density. This relationship varies slightly depending on the species and environmental factors. Establishment of interrelation of these parameters for wood from different regions and growing conditions, will more accurately judge the quality indicators of wood in specific circumstances. The studies were conducted with a timber of Scots pine growing in the Vologda region. In Ustyuzhansky Forestry two sites differing in conditions of growth are selected - lichen pine forest and blueberry and cranberry pine forest.


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