Assessment of the state of entomofauna biodiversity on the sanitary protection zone of the poultry farm Kyivska

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L Vagaliuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Protective Forest ◽  
State Of The Environment

Biodiversity ensures the functioning of ecosystems that provides oxygen, clean air and water, plant pollination, pest control, wastewater treatment and many ecosystem services. Recreational resources rely on our unique biodiversity, such as bird watching, hiking, camping, fishing etc. But it is known that anthropogenic load leads to degradation or destruction of natural landscapes. One of the manifestations of degradation is the fragmentation and division of solid forests or steppes into separate territories. As a result, they are transformed into small islands of nature surrounded by arable land, settlements, roads and railways. The leading ecologists think that a significant influence on the level of biodiversity has been identified (According to National report on the state of the environment in Ukraine in 2020). It was a result of anthropogenic pressure on the environment. Therefore, determining the level of entomofauna biodiversity in different stations is relevant. During the research, the condition of entomofauna on the natural, semi- natural stations and sanitary protection zone (SPZ) of the Poultry Farm Kyivska was assessed. As a result of analytical and faunal studies, constant-dominant orders were 2 revealed in research areas: Coleoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera. These orders include more than 80% of species and others only about 20% of insect species. The low number of species of entomofauna of dendrobionts is established due to excessive anthropogenic load and the depleted species diversity of trees and shrubs. Preservation of the ecological stability of landscapes by reproduction and maintenance of biodiversity requires the additional creation of protective forest plantations with high species richness of plants.

scholarly journals SPACIAL AND ECOLOGICAL PROBLEMS OF LAND RESOURCES IN NORTH-EAST PART OF ZOLOCHIV DISTRICT UTC OF LVIV REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-214
Author(s):  
Miroslava Pytulyak ◽  
Mykola Pytulyak ◽  
Lesia Zastavetska ◽  
Taras Zastavetskyi ◽  
Natalya Taranova
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Ecological Condition ◽  
Forest Vegetation ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Land Resources ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Ecological Stability

The article presents an ecological and geographical analysis of the current state of land resources. The structure of land resources in UTC (United Territorial Community) is dominated by lands of agricultural and forestry use. They occupy the largest areas - 67072.3 hectares, 40004.8 hectares and their share in the structure of the land fund is 57.8%, 34.4%, respectively. The structure of agricultural lands of the district is dominated by agricultural lands, namely arable land. Its area is 67072.3 hectares (97.3%) The largest area of agricultural land is concentrated within the central part of the district. The largest area in the structure of agricultural land is occupied by arable land - 2500 - 3570.8 hectares. In the eastern and south-eastern parts of the district the share of arable land in the structure of agricultural lands is the highest (more than 70%). The share of pastures and hayfields in the structure of agricultural lands is 18.2% and 16.8%, respectively. The smallest share in the structure of lands of perennial plantations (1.6%). The largest areas of hayfields and pastures in the northern and northeastern part of the district, which is due to the natural features of the territory. Peculiarities of forestry use of land resources on UTC area are analyzed. Lands covered with forest vegetation there are unevenly distributed and are mainly subordinated to Brody Forestry. The largest areas of forestry land in the northern and southern parts of the district. Forests in the northern part are located within Male Polissya. Here in the area there is the highest forest cover (45 - 67%). Forest cover in the southern part of the district is 45 - 67%. The structure of lands occupied by forest vegetation is dominated by forest areas (96.0%), including covered with forest crops (71.0%) On the basis of the defined indicators the analysis of ecological stability of lands in UTC is carried out, also the anthropogenic loading on agricultural lands of the area is defined. This figure depends on the area of land of different species. Using the method of Shyshchenko P. H. (1982) we have determined the anthropogenic load on the agricultural lands of the district. This figure depends on the area of the land of different species. Within the district there are spatial differences in this indicator. The greatest anthropogenic load on agricultural land is in the central part of the district. Here the anthropogenic load is more than 6.6 (strongly converted). In the north-western part of the district this indicator is the lowest: 5.2-5.3. On the territory of other village councils agricultural lands are moderately transformed (6.1 - 6.5) The results of the study of the ecological condition of the land resources of the district are presented. The level of plowing, agricultural development of the district is analyzed. The central and southern part of the district is characterized by an unbalanced structure of land use, as there is a fairly high rate of plowing of agricultural land. The share of arable land here is more than 70% of the total area of agricultural land. The average value of this indicator is around 57.7%. The highest agricultural development is in the central part of the district (except for Brody town territorial community), and in the southern part (more than 60%). The maximum indicators of agricultural development are - 86.8-91%. The ecological condition of the land resources of the district was assessed and five groups with different levels of this indicator were identified. The ecological condition of land resources varies from optimal to catastrophic, depending on the ratio of arable land (R) and the share of ecological and stabilizing lands (ESL). Optimal and satisfactory ecological condition of land resources in the region on the area of 40.6%, critical - 25.7%, crisis - 20.4%, catastrophic - 13.3% Land resources are one of the most important resources of the district. In modern conditions, productive agricultural lands should be involved in intensive agricultural cultivation, and the rest should remain in a natural state, which will ensure ecological sustainability and balanced nature management. Key words: land resources, agricultural lands, agricultural development, ecological condition, ecological stability.

scholarly journals Geographic regularity of ecological stability of agrilandscapes of the Odessa region

2010 ◽  
pp. 174-179
Author(s):  
L. Kulchytska
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Quantitative Parameters

The structure of land fund of the Odessa region on qualitative and quantitative parameters was analyzed and geographic regularities of ecological stability of agrilandscapes on the base of index of ecological discrepancy of modern use of arable land and meanings of permissible ploughing-up exceeding were determined. Key words: agrilandscapes, ecological stability, anthropogenic load, ecological discrepancy, land ploughing-up.

scholarly journals COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE INDUSTRIAL CITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (8) ◽  
pp. 686-692 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oleg V. Klepikov ◽  
S. A. Samoylov ◽  
I. B. Ushakov ◽  
V. I. Popov ◽  
S. A. Kurolap
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The State ◽  
Comprehensive Assessment ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Road Noise ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
The City

The aim of the study was a comprehensive analysis of the state of the environment in the industrialized city of Voronezh to justify measures to protect the environment and prevent the morbidity of the population. Material and methods. The study uses materials from the regional information fund for social and hygienic monitoring, which is implemented on the basis of the Federal State Health Care Institution “Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region” under the “Environment” section for the last 5 years. The methods of the comprehensive assessment of anthropogenic load on the environment and methods for assessing the health risks of the population due to environmental factors are applied. Results. The anthropogenic load on the environment has been established to be significantly higher in the territories with the predominant negative influence of the industrial sector (Coefficient of complex anthropogenic load (CL = 13.29)) and motor traffic loads (CL = 14.65) relative to the relatively prosperous territory (CL = 7.97). Among the analyzed factors (air pollution, drinking water quality, soil contamination in the residential area, road noise), the leading contribution of the aerotechnogenic factor to the formation of the level of anthropogenic load in the urban area (58.1-58.5%) was determined on the basis of a comprehensive hygienic assessment. An assessment of the health risks of the population showed the priority of the adverse impact of air pollution and road noise on the city residents. According to the degree of carcinogenic danger, the most unfavorable situation is observed in the industrial area near the aircraft plant and the plant for the production of synthetic rubber, where high levels of total individual carcinogenic risk (chrome+6, soot, acrolein, formaldehyde), more than 1∙10-4, less than 1∙10-3, which is classified as a hazardous risk. The unacceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (HQ>1) in the industrial area is exceeded by 4 out of 14 controlled substances: acrolein, nitric oxide, copper oxide, chromium+6. When assessing the unidirectional effects of substances, an unacceptable level of non-carcinogenic risk (HI>1) was found to be characteristic for the development of the pathology if respiratory, cardiovascular, hemopoietic (blood) and endocrine system. The risk of disrupting the health of the urban population at existing levels of noise from road transport exceeds acceptable values. The highest risk indices for health from the effects of transport noise are characteristic for diseases of the cardiovascular system. As the age (probable duration of the exposure time) increases from 10 to 35 years, the risk level is estimated as average (the risk ranges from 0.051 to 0.342 units), from 40 to 45 years - as high (from 0.352 to 0.591), from 50 to 70 years - as extreme (from 0.607 to 1). The identified problems must be solved in the context of the overall development of the city.

scholarly journals Geoecological Assessment of the Land Use Structure of Ternopil City United Territorial Community

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Optimization Methods ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Anthropogenic Transformation ◽  
Master Plans ◽  
Land Use Structure

Purpose. To assess of the land use structure of Ternopil city united territorial community and justify the priority areas for its optimization. Methods. Descriptive, comparative-geographical, geoinformation, statistical, mathematical, geoecological analysis and optimization modeling. During the study, special methods were used to determine the anthropogenic load, coefficients of ecological stability and anthropogenic transformation of the Ternopil city united territorial community. Results. Analyzing of the land use structure of Ternopil city united territorial community, it was found that the share of natural lands within it is only 32.5%. The main geoecological problems of the land use of Ternopil city united territorial community are the imbalance of land structure, the lack of master plans of rural settlements and territorial boundaries, the lack of inventory and regulatory monetary valuation of land. The coefficient of anthropogenic transformation of the territory of Ternopil city united territorial community is 6.7, which corresponds to the category of highly transformed landscapes. The coefficient of ecological stability of the Ternopil city united territorial community is 0.28, the territory is ecological unstable with a score of anthropogenic load of 3.22. The geoecological assessment of the land use structure of Ternopil city united territorial community, testified the need to optimize the structure of land and to introduce effective scientifically sound measures. Conclusions. To correct and improve the situation, bringing the territory of the Ternopil city united territorial community to ecological stability, it is necessary to implement optimization measures. In the study we have developed an optimization model of land use in the Ternopil city united territorial community, which provides for the reduction of arable land by 18%, increase in forest cover by 12% and bringing the share of natural lands to the optimal 50%. The implementation of such an approach requires a change in the purpose of individual land plots and the organization of their landscape-adapted use.

Documents from the State Archive of the Orel Region as a Source for Studying Peasant Legal Sense in Early 20th Century

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-108
Author(s):  
Vadim V. Kulachkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Comparative Method ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
The State ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
State Archive ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Agrarian Question ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Legal Sense

The article studies documents from the State Archive of the Orel Region (GAOO) as an important source for studying the sense of justice of the Oryol gubernia peasants in early 20th century. Introduction of new archival materials allows to flesh out our knowledge and to produce a true-to-life picture of the Oryol peasants’ way of life. The peasant origins of the majority of the population necessitate a comprehensive study of peasant legal consciousness. Historical legacy is pertinent to present day, and forgetting its lessons is fraught with consequences. Evolution of modern Russian statehood hedges on its historical and legal traditions. The article studies documents in the fonds of public authorities, police, gendarmerie, courts, and prosecution offices. Introduction of new materials of public authorities, police, gendarmerie, courts, and prosecution offices into the scholarship promotes the analysis of the evolution of peasant legal sense in early 20th century. The chronological framework of the article is limited to the period from 1900 to 1917, its territorial framework is limited to the Oryol gubernia in its pre-revolutionary borders. The article studies reports, dispatches, and circular letters using the comparative method. The intensification of peasant protest was incidental to the first Russian revolution of 1905-1907 – the peasants hoped to force the government to settle the agrarian question, wherein lay the crux of their interests. As peasants of the Oryol gubernia suffered from shortage of arable land, antimonarchical sentiments gained momentum and translated a growing number of trials for contempt of the Emperor. Illegal literature spreading among the peasants, further radicalized them, and the authorities grew more and more hesitant in their assessment of peasant loyalty, which is quite intelligible in the archival documents. Thus, the use of new archival documents in addition to published materials promotes the scholarship on the peasant legal sense.

INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC PRESSURE ON WATER BODIES IN THE LAKE BAIKAL BASIN

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Ulzetueva ◽  
Bair Gomboev ◽  
Daba Zhamyanov ◽  
Valentin Batomunkuev ◽  
Zorikto Banzaraktsaev
Keyword(s):  
Lake Baikal ◽  
River Basins ◽  
Anthropogenic Load ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Linear Network ◽  
Baikal Basin ◽  
Discharge Water ◽  
Lake Baikal Basin ◽  
Integral Assessment ◽  
The Impact

The integrated assessment of the ecological state of the main rivers of the lake Baikal basin - Verkhnyaya Angara, Tyya, Barguzin, Selenga, Snezhnaya, Bolshaya Rechka, Khilok, Chikoy is based on the assessment of the variability of the basin system under the influence of two groups of indicators: 1) Direct (immediate) impact - the volume of water intake and wastewater discharge, water use and sequential water supply. Assessment of the impact on the state of the above-listed rivers basins from wastewater was performed using the algorithm proposed by A. Korolev et al. (2007). 2) Indirect (mediate) impact - indicators of areal and linear-network impacts on the catchment area. Based on the calculation of the integral anthropogenic pressure on the territory of the above-listed river basins, only the Selenga river experiences an “average” anthropogenic load. On the territory of most river basins, the anthropogenic load is “lowered” and “low”.

ISSUES OF GREENING THE LAND USE SYSTEM IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Soil Protection ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
The Creation

Soil protection in agrolandscapes is especially necessary in conditions of intensification of production and increasing anthropogenic pressure on them. This complex should fit into the landscape farming system. The more intensive the load on the land in the farm, the higher the level of soil protection against destruction. The article notes that raising soil fertility, increasing crop yields and ecological environmental improvement are possible only on the basis of agrolandscape farming system, which allows to establish the correct ratio of arable land, meadows and forests. The transition to such a system of agriculture requires: development of a project for agrolandscape land management with a set of anti-erosion measures for each farm; adjusting the structure of sown areas taking into account market conditions, that is, increasing the area of productive crops in demand (winter and spring wheat, perennial grasses), which in combination with occupied and green manure pairs determine the structure of biologized crop rotation; widespread use of legumes (peas, vetch) as factors in the biologization of agriculture. The efficiency of expanding the area of perennial grasses to 25 % of arable land in some areas of the Non-Chernozem region and the Belgorod region is shown. Here, techniques that increase the efficiency of arable land are based on strict adherence to crop rotation with legumes, the use of adaptive varieties, and the use of biologized fertilizer and plant protection systems. It is noted that the creation of a system of shelterbelts makes it possible to reduce the cost of planting and growing them in comparison with single forest belts and what is very important for farmers is to sharply increase the return on their exploitation in the form of increased increases in crop yields. The creation of forest-sized landscapes will improve the environmental conditions for the cultivation of crops.

Are listed threatened plant species actually at risk?

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Burgman
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Threatened Species ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
The State ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Threatened Plant ◽  
Threatened Plant Species ◽  
Legal Mandates ◽  
State Of The Environment

Despite the fact that the most changes in lists of threatened species reflect changes in knowledge rather than changes in conservation status, the lists continue to provide social and legal mandates for conservation; they are used to report on the state of the environment and to guide the allocation of scarce resources. There is a substantial under-representation of non-vascular species in threatened plant lists, reflected in an absence of documented extinctions among fungi and algae. Turnover in the composition of extinct flora lists in Australia suggests that the lists of threatened species may not be sufficiently reliable to form the basis for reporting on the state of the environment. They are of limited use in distinguishing between levels of threat and may not be a reliable guide for the allocation of scarce conservation resources among plant species. Systems for listing threatened species create a feedback loop, responsive to the subjective preferences of scientists, largely unresponsive to underlying true threats, self-perpetuating and accentuating bias with each iteration. Other tools, including formal decision approaches and the acquisition of new kinds of data, are needed to fill the roles.

THE STATE OF STANDS OF COMMON PINE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF MAN-MADE IMPACT OF LLC " TOMSKNEFTEKHIM»

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. Kabanova ◽  
◽  
M.A. Danchenko ◽  
A.N. Kabanov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Radial Growth ◽  
Sharp Decrease ◽  
The State ◽  
Industrial Enterprise ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Harmful Emissions

The results of dendrochronological studies of the radial growth of common pine in the sanitary protection zone under the influence of harmful emissions from LLC «Tomskneftekhim» and without man-made impact in the SPNT «Lake Peschanoe» are presented. It was revealed that after the start of the industrial enterprise, there was a sharp decrease in the growth of trees, deterioration of their condition.

scholarly journals Environmental Impacts and Attitudes of Agricultural Enterprises for Environmental Protection and Sustainable Development

Agriculture ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 440
Author(s):  
Zuzana Juríčková ◽  
Zuzana Lušňáková ◽  
Marcela Hallová ◽  
Elena Horská ◽  
Monika Hudáková
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
The Self ◽  
Enterprise Management ◽  
Ecological Stability ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Agricultural Enterprise ◽  
State Of The Environment ◽  
Lay Public

Recognising that implementing an agricultural enterprise impacts the state of the environment, its ecological stability, and the self- regulatory capabilities of ecosystems, the aim of this paper is to acquaint the professional and lay public about the attitudes of Slovakian agricultural enterprises towards environmental protection and sustainable development. The paper draws attention to present methods, techniques, and tools that enterprise management are applying for the purpose of meeting and overcoming environmental challenges. The data for this research were obtained from controlled interviews and a questionnaire survey conducted across more than 90 agricultural enterprises. Based on the data outcomes, research premises and formulated research hypotheses put forward are verified by using Friedman, Wilcoxon, Kruskal–Wallis, and Pearson chi-square tests. Discussion of the findings points out that although Slovakia is not yet one of the most polluting countries, promoting the application of environmental protection approaches for sustainable development is of the essence. The most important agriculturally related step, mitigating environmental degradation, is to promote changes in the moral values of agricultural enterprises and the society through enhanced environmental awareness and application practices.

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