scholarly journals INTELLIGENT COMPONENT OF CONVERGENT TECHNOLOGIES OF POSTINDUSTRIAL ECONOMY

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (11(75)) ◽  
pp. 14-22
Author(s):  
O. Avdeychik
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Postindustrial Economy ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Intelligent Products ◽  
Functional Purpose

The analysis of studies on the problem of the formation of a new economy with the use of convergent (NBIC) technologies is carried out. The prevalence of overestimated expectations from the use of technologies of the 5th and 6th modes in the developed spheres of social systems activity was established, while ignoring or underestimating the possible negative consequences of their implementation. The necessity of implementing the concept of intellectual support in the activities of economic and social systems, including the components of predetermination, validity, permanence, adequacy, which form the prerequisites for the purposeful creation of intelligent products of a given functional purpose for all stages of the life cycle of innovative products, is shown. 

scholarly journals Analysis of information and psychological impact on personality in COVID-19 pandemic conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-78
Author(s):  
Оксана Георгиевна Меретукова ◽  
Светлана Владимировна Нестерова ◽  
Владимир Владимирович Харин ◽  
Олег Васильевич Стрельцов ◽  
Ольга Сергеевна Маторина
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Intervention ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Current Task ◽  
Psychological Influence ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Flow Of Information

В настоящей статье проанализированы теоретические аспекты информационно-психологического воздействия на личность. Основными сферами информационно-психологического воздействия являются: экономические, политические, военные и т.д. Реализация процесса информационно-психологического воздействия направлена на основные сферы жизнедеятельности индивида или социальной группы посредством средств массовой информации, социальных сетей, глобальных компьютерных сетей, слухов (фейковых новостей) и т.д. Важнейшей задачей эффективного противодействия является своевременное выявление и идентификация информационно-психологического влияния, а также точная оценка возможных деструктивных последствий, которые могут привести к информационному и психологическому вмешательству. В данной связи актуальной задачей является изучение рассматриваемых в статье вопросов. В настоящее время в связи с возрастанием потока информации из различных источников актуальность обретает разработка мер предупреждения информационно-психологического воздействия и негативных последствий в виде изменения потребностей индивида (групп людей) посредством манипуляторных действий производителей и поставщиков товаров и услуг. Авторами статьи изучена реализация процесса управления социальными системами в информационном обществе, представленная российскими и зарубежными авторами. Приведены основные понятия, классификации методов информационно-психологического воздействия, выделены и разграничены методы, оказывающие наиболее высокое воздействие на людей с критическим и некритическим восприятием информации. Важнейшими характеристиками мыслительной деятельности личности являются: самостоятельность, критичность мышления, глубина и гибкость мышления, анализ и поиск решения задач. Представлен литературный обзор и основные выводы исследователей сущности и содержания процесса информационно-психологического воздействия. Проведен анализ информационно-психологического влияния на человека (группы лиц) в период пандемии. This paper analyzes theoretical aspects of information-psychological influence on personality. The main areas of information and psychological impact include economic, political, military, etc. The implementation of the process of information and psychological impact is aimed at the main spheres of life of an individual or social group through the media, social networks, global computer networks, rumors (fake news), etc. The most important task of effective counteraction is the timely identification of information and psychological influence, as well as an accurate assessment of possible destructive consequences that can lead to information and psychological intervention. In this regard, the current task is to study the issues discussed in the paper. At present, as the flow of information from various sources increases, the development of information prevention measures becomes relevant. At present, as the flow of information from various sources increases, the development of measures to prevent information and psychological effects and negative consequences in the form of changing the needs of the individual (groups of people) through manipulative actions of manufacturers and suppliers of goods and services becomes relevant. The authors of the publication studied the implementation of the process of managing social systems in the information society, presented by Russian and foreign authors. Basic concepts, classifications of methods of information-psychological impact are given, methods having the highest impact on people with critical and non-critical perception of information are identified and delineated. The most important characteristics of a person's thought activity are independence, criticality of thinking, depth and flexibility of thinking, analysis and search for solutions to problems. Literary overview and main conclusions of researchers on essence and content of the process of information-psychological impact are presented. An analysis of the information and psychological impact on the person (groups of persons) during the pandemic was carried out.

scholarly journals Managed infrastructure and services to empower meteorological services in developing countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Smith
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Life Cycle Management ◽  
Observation Data ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Observation Systems ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

<p>Often in developing countries the spatial coverage with surface weather observations is sparse and the reliability of existing systems is lower than in other parts of the world. These gaps in the availability of observation data have significant negative consequences, locally and globally. For decades international funds have been used to acquire meteorological infrastructure with little to no focus on life-cycle management. Furthermore, improvements in one part of the value chain are often not connected with further downstream services meaning local benefits are generated with substantial delay, if at all.</p><p>DTN is one of the few organizations offering comprehensive solutions across the value chain from deployment and operation of observation systems through to weather analytics creating valuable insights for business, consumers and governments across the globe. DTN not only project manages the setup of weather observation systems but also maintains and operates measurement networks on different continents. The sensor agnostic approach enables us to offer the right sensor solution for each situation.</p><p>We see an opportunity to correct the mistakes of the past, changing the focus from acquiring observation systems to life cycle management to ensure the systems are maintained and leveraged effectively to provide forecasts and warnings for protection of life and property and enabling NMSs to focus on fulfilling their mission.</p><p>Funding organizations such as the World Bank must change the focus from hardware procurement to a performance-based PPE/P model that ensures the value of investments in infrastructure are realized. This sustainable approach will; ensure long lasting partnerships, harness the innovation in the private sector, create local jobs maintaining infrastructure and enable economic development through improved ability to manage the impact of weather and climate events.</p>

P&G: Providing Sustainable Innovative Products through LCA Worldwide

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raveesh Agarwal ◽  
Monica Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Product Portfolio ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
The World ◽  
Scientific Approach ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Owned Company

Procter and Gamble (P&G) is a publicly owned company which touches the lives of about four billion people around the world with its product portfolio. P&G is committed to improving people’s everyday life by making products more environmentally sustainable. To understand how P&G can make products more environmentally sustainable, the present case focuses on the scientific approach called Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) adopted by P&G to deliver sustainable innovations without trade-offs in performance or value of the products.

Adverse Selection, Debt Capacity And Corporate Growth: An Industry Life Cycle Perspective

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 173
Author(s):  
Hasna Chaibi
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Adverse Selection ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Firm Growth ◽  
New Economy ◽  
Life Cycle Theory ◽  
Corporate Growth ◽  
Growth Firms ◽  
Debt Capacity ◽  
Industry Membership

<p class="Default">This paper examines the industry impact on financing corporate growth. According to underinvestment and overinvestment problems, ?rms are more likely to have less debt capacity in their growth stage of life cycle. However, it is known that new economy firms have higher levels of growth rate, return and risk, and particularly undertake more technical projects. Therefore, I test the hypothesis that debt capacity during the growth stage of life cycle is affected by New Economy. My empirical analysis covers U.S. companies listed on NYSE, AMEX and NASDAQ in the period of 1990-2010. I find that growth firms have significantly smaller debt capacity. Nevertheless, supporting the life cycle theory of financing that emphasizes the adverse selection problem faced by new economy firms, this link tends to be less prominent in the new economy industry. The results complement prior studies that have found significant relationship between firm growth and corporate debt capacity by confirming the important role played by the industry membership (New Economy) in determining the intensity of this relation.</p>

Material, energy and environmental performance of technological and social systems under a Life Cycle Assessment perspective

2011 ◽  
Vol 222 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-189 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Ulgiati ◽  
M. Ascione ◽  
S. Bargigli ◽  
F. Cherubini ◽  
P.P. Franzese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Material Energy

scholarly journals Risk-oriented approach to life cycle contract implementation of weapons and military equipment

Dependability ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
V. А. Dubovsky ◽  
N. I. Dubovskaya ◽  
А. S. Nikolaev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Complex Problem ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Technical Standards ◽  
Full Spectrum ◽  
Suggested Approach ◽  
Military Equipment ◽  
The Government

Aim. Today, the development and operation of weapons and military equipment is characterized by fast-growing customer requirements, which, in turn, leads to their increased technical complexity and cost. It is obvious that maintaining the required physical and operational characteristics of high-technology weapons and military equipment by the users is not always possible due to a number of reasons, including insufficient capabilities of the service units that do not have the required personnel, assets and competences. In turn, the manufacturers involved in the delivery of the government defence order are also interested in shaping long-term relations with the customer allowing to build a platform for sound progress. One of the possible solutions for such interaction between the customer and the contractor used worldwide and in Russia is public-private partnership in the form of life cycle contracts. Despite the obvious advantages, its introduction into the practice of weapons and military equipment life cycle is hampered by a number of adverse factors (insufficiencies in the regulatory framework and technical standards, poor level of information technology deployment in LC management) that need to be overcome in terms of both scientific and practical considerations. It is perfectly clear that developing a tool that would allow mitigating a full spectrum of problems as part of this study would be an extremely challenging task. Given the above, the paper aims to examine risks as one of the aspects of this complex problem that implies the development of a new approach to the interaction of the parties involved in a life cycle contract for weapons and military equipment, taking into account the current conditions, interests, goals and objectives. It involves comprehensive analysis of uncertainty and the whole spectrum of possible risks associated with the weapons and military equipment life cycle processes. Methods. The managerial decision-making is based on the decision tree method that allows dividing the complex decision-making problem into component tasks and obtaining quantitative risk estimates, thus developing an adequate system of measures for the prevention of event risks and reduction of their negative consequences. Results. Based on the proposed methodological framework, a risk management algorithm has been developed, a matrix has been defined for assessing risks and their impact on the temporal and technical characteristics, as well as the costs of a project. Conclusion. The suggested approach is universally applicable and can be used by both the officials of military authorities in the process of scientific support of LCC implementation, and by the management of defense contractors as they develop their interaction with the military authorities responsible for the creation and operation of weapons and military equipment.

scholarly journals THE FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURES IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS OF A COUNTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Bohdan MALYNIAK
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Social System ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Functional Purpose

Introduction. The functions of public expenditures reveal their intended purpose in the regulation of various processes and explain their role in the attainment of specific goals. Scientific literature provides extensive insights into definitions of budget functions in market democracies, but the functional purpose of public expenditures is covered only fragmentarily. The purpose of the article is to present a scientific substantiation for the system of public expenditure functions in the market democracies. Results. Based on the analysis of public expenditure functions, we believe that it would be feasible to substantiate the functions separately for each of the two main spheres directly affected by public expenditures, namely public management and the economic and social system of the country. In the public management sphere, public expenditures perform the functions of control and planning (programming). The essence of the planning function consists in using public expenditures to create conditions and provide necessary incentives for rational performance-based planning of the activities carried out by public authorities, as well as for attainment of target performance indicators by applying the results-oriented budgeting method. The function of control is preconditioned by the specifics of public management system functioning in a democratic society, which consists in assuring that the society has control over activities of public authorities. The influence of public expenditures on the national economy and its social system occurs through functions of allocation, redistribution and stimulation. The function of allocation consists in providing the population with goods and services that cannot be supplied by the market economy in sufficient volumes. The essence of the redistribution function consists in using public expenditures with the aim of decreasing income inequality among members of the society, regional development of territories or solving other tasks. The public expenditure function of stimulation aims to stimulate certain directions of economic activity by means of changing the volumes, components or structure of public expenditures through different mechanisms of their realization. Conclusions. In result of performing a theoretical study of the functional purpose of the budget in a market economy and a critical analysis of scientific postulates allow us to substantiate the feasibility of identifying the following functions of public expenditures: planning (programming), control, allocation, redistribution, and stimula tion.

scholarly journals The relationship between CEO personal traits and technology companies’ performance at different stages of the life cycle

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 575-604
Author(s):  
Yuliya S. Ovanesova ◽  
◽  
Segrey S. Zhitikhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
Firm Behavior ◽  
New Economy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Personal Traits ◽  
Technology Sector ◽  
Key Driver ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Overall Functioning

This article reviews how CEOs of technology companies can be successful for firm performance at different stages of the life cycle. The object of the research is the technology companies of the United States of America. Such companies are given special attention today as they represent a key driver of the new economy cycle. Importantly, organizations of the technology sector are largely dependent on the personalities of their CEOs, who determine the vector of development, main activities and overall functioning of the firms. The study analyzes the relationship between the traits of the company leader and firm behavior at different stages of the life cycle of 244 technology companies.

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