scholarly journals THE FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC EXPENDITURES IN PUBLIC MANAGEMENT, ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL SYSTEMS OF A COUNTRY

2021 ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Bohdan MALYNIAK
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Social System ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Social Systems ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Functional Purpose

Introduction. The functions of public expenditures reveal their intended purpose in the regulation of various processes and explain their role in the attainment of specific goals. Scientific literature provides extensive insights into definitions of budget functions in market democracies, but the functional purpose of public expenditures is covered only fragmentarily. The purpose of the article is to present a scientific substantiation for the system of public expenditure functions in the market democracies. Results. Based on the analysis of public expenditure functions, we believe that it would be feasible to substantiate the functions separately for each of the two main spheres directly affected by public expenditures, namely public management and the economic and social system of the country. In the public management sphere, public expenditures perform the functions of control and planning (programming). The essence of the planning function consists in using public expenditures to create conditions and provide necessary incentives for rational performance-based planning of the activities carried out by public authorities, as well as for attainment of target performance indicators by applying the results-oriented budgeting method. The function of control is preconditioned by the specifics of public management system functioning in a democratic society, which consists in assuring that the society has control over activities of public authorities. The influence of public expenditures on the national economy and its social system occurs through functions of allocation, redistribution and stimulation. The function of allocation consists in providing the population with goods and services that cannot be supplied by the market economy in sufficient volumes. The essence of the redistribution function consists in using public expenditures with the aim of decreasing income inequality among members of the society, regional development of territories or solving other tasks. The public expenditure function of stimulation aims to stimulate certain directions of economic activity by means of changing the volumes, components or structure of public expenditures through different mechanisms of their realization. Conclusions. In result of performing a theoretical study of the functional purpose of the budget in a market economy and a critical analysis of scientific postulates allow us to substantiate the feasibility of identifying the following functions of public expenditures: planning (programming), control, allocation, redistribution, and stimula tion.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Public Expenditure and Bureaucratic Quality: The Case of Eurasian Economies

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gökhan Dökmen ◽  
Özcan Sezer
Keyword(s):  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Dynamic Panel Data ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Publicly Provided Goods ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Political Variables

One of the controversial issues among researchers in the field of public finance is estimating the determinants of public expenditures. It’s argued that public expenditure is determined by economic as well as demographic, social and political variables. One of the important element of political variables is bureaucracy. If bureaucracy, as one of the main actors of political decision making process, works in quality, effectiveness and efficiency would occur in publicly provided goods and services. In parallel with the good quality of bureaucracy, the size of state would become smaller. The purpose of this study is to test empirically between efficient bureaucracy and public expenditure, using dynamic panel data analysis of 6 Eurasian Economic Community countries from 1998 to 2011. This study finds evidence that existence of bureaucratic quality reduces the public expenditures.

scholarly journals FEATURES AND PROSPECTS OF AGILE APPLICATION IN THE ACTIVITY OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES IN TERMS OF UKRAINE’S PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION TRANSFORMATIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 139-151
Author(s):  
H. Mishenina ◽  
D. Pavlenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Agile Development ◽  
Electronic Interaction ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Agile Approach ◽  
The Public Sphere ◽  
Conceptual Foundations

The article is devoted to the study of conceptual foundations of the Agile management, the need and prospects for implementing its methods in the sphere of public authorities. Systemic shortcomings of traditional governance in public authorities hinder the effective, prompt solution of important tasks of local socio-economic development and the country as a whole, and do not respond quickly to changes in the external environment. Now, during the period of active transformation of social, economic, political systems caused by the COVID 19 pandemic, the speed and quality of digitalization of all processes play a significant role. In the future, such changes will only deepen, covering all areas of socio-economic relations. Emphasis is placed on the processes of reforming the sphere of public administration and local self-government, in particular in terms of digitalization of public administration elements. The analysis of preconditions of active use of flexible methods of management in the public sphere is carried out. The introduction of the Agile technologies to project-oriented structures of public authorities is argued. The essence and practical aspects of effective application of Scrum methodology are considered, and the scheme of its introduction to work of bodies of regional management and local government is offered. The article analyzes the experience of practical application of the Agile approach in the public sector in some countries of the world (such as Great Britain, USA, Australia) and defines the basis for further «State Agile» development in Ukraine. The relevance of further the Agile approach popularization in public administration is confirmed by the need for changes in public-management relations, and prospects for the public digitalization in the following areas such as: development and implementation of a strategy for digital transformation of regions; implementations of digital solutions for increasing the public authorities' efficiency; ensuring electronic interaction between national, regional and local registries; digital democracy development, and so on.

FORMATION OF THE BASIC KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM IN THE PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION SPHERE

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-216
Author(s):  
Valerii Bakumenko ◽  
Oleksiy Krasnorutskyy ◽  
Anatolii Hatsko
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Knowledge System ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Administration Reform

The modernization of the management system and the knowledge management model is needed in the context of the public administration reform, taking into account the concept of decentralization and Good Governance. That is why the article focuses on the author’s approach to substantiating the formation of a modern knowledge system in public management and administration in Ukraine. It is proved that the approach to the knowledge system formation should be based on the identification of the needs of public administration objects. The need to comply with the necessary diversity law for a management subject of public entity regarding its knowledge of the entity has been identified. The content of the principle «from general to specific» for the objects of public administration is considered. The formation structure of the basic knowledge system in the public sphere is presented, which unites a number of blocks. The first block deals with the system of basic knowledge of public management and administration. The second block deals with the idea of a public authorities system at different levels. The third block concerns the formation of basic knowledge about public service. The fourth block concerns the formation of a basic knowledge system about current trends in the development of domestic public administration. The fifth block deals with the knowledge about the development and implementation of public policy and implementation of public administration. The sixth block deals with the consideration of public administration as a deliberate activity to establish internal procedures and processes in public administration to ensure their smooth functioning. The seventh block concerns the knowledge system for ensuring social stability. The eighth block is a glossary of basic terms and the ninth is a bibliography. The proposed approach is the scientific substantiation of the development of educational and professional programs of the basic textbook and standards for the specialty 281 – «Public Management and Administration». Keywords: knowledge, public administration, the necessary diversity law, public policy, public service, public authorities, public stability.

Conditions Determining the Success of Public E-Procurement

2012 ◽  
pp. 185-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nirmala Dorasamy
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Procurement System

The dynamic global environment has necessitated governments to adopt a systems approach of integrating suppliers, customers, and information linkages in an endeavor to create and sustain value for public services. The evolution of the concept “the customer is king” has placed the customer foremost in public management thinking. As a result, optimizing customer value in the public domain has become a focal point in managing procurement. The large quantity of public resources used for service delivery points to the importance of efficiency and effectiveness in expenditures as well as accountability. E-Procurement systems provide mechanisms for controlling, simplifying, and automating goods and services from different suppliers. While benefits like stricter control over spending authorization, easier transaction processing and elimination of redundant stock are achieved through automated procurement processes; the viability and success of e-procurement for the public sector is determined by various conditions. The conditions for successful implementation of an e-procurement system are explored as every government activity involves the spending of public monies on goods and services. Any failings in e-procurement practices can create possibilities for large-scale losses through incompetence, waste, and fraud, which directly impact the public.

The Bolsa Família Program

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 96-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rémi Fernand Lavergne ◽  
Bernadete Beserra
Keyword(s):  
Income Distribution ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Social Rights ◽  
Marginalized Populations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Bolsa Familia ◽  
And Control

The Bolsa Família Program is the flagship of Brazil’s targeted public policies. It exemplifies a particular approach to the public management of alterity, an approach that reveals a state more preoccupied with rationalizing public expenditures and building social peace than with policies oriented toward income distribution, democratization, and the expansion of social rights. The program is a form of biopolitics, inscribed in a framework aimed at the normalization, regimentation, and control of the population that receives the benefit. Lifelong social assistance and education are important instruments of subjectivation and the production of subjectivities with an eye to influencing the conduct of indigent and marginalized populations. The goal is to influence the conduct of indigent and marginalized populations and, in a movement quite the reverse of the touted “inclusion,” to separate them more and more from the citizenship that the program advertises and promises. Líder das políticas públicas focalizadas no Brasil, o Programa Bolsa Família exemplifica uma forma de gestão pública da alteridade que revela um Estado mais preocupado com as questões de racionalização dos gastos públicos e construção da paz social do que com uma política de distribuição de renda, democratização e expansão dos direitos sociais. Esse programa remete a uma forma de biopolítica e inscreve-se numa perspectiva de normalização, regulamentação e controle das populações beneficiárias. A assistência social e a educação por toda a vida constituem importantes instrumentos na produção de subjetividades com vistas a influenciar a conduta das populações indigentes e marginalizadase, ao contrário da propagada “inclusão”, distanciá-las cada vez mais da cidadania que o próprio programa anuncia.

AN ELECTRONIC CONTROL – THE TOOL OF DEMOCRATIZATION OF STATE ADMINISTRATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Evgeniy Romanenko
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Electronic Control ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Management Decisions ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
State Administration ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of

In the paper carried out the analysis of e-government as a means of interactive and communicative interaction of public authorities and the public allowed to identify it as a self-organizational tools for effective public-management decisions, to ensure transparency mechanisms for monitoring their implementation. Analyzed the history of creation and international documents that contain recommendations, the requirements for States parties that intend to build or develop at an effective information society. It is shown that the rate of introduction of E-governance in Ukraine is considerably lagging behind the leading countries of the world.

Chapter I. The Economy in 1978

1979 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 13-24
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Private Consumption ◽  
Public Expenditure ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
Retail Price ◽  
Capital Expenditures ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Price Inflation ◽  
The Public

The overall pattern of changes in real expenditure and output was markedly different in 1978 from that of 1977 (see chart 1). In 1977, largely because of the undertakings given in the Letter of Intent to the IMF of December 1976, fiscal policy was deliberately restrictive. The stance of fiscal policy was made harsher still by the public expenditure shortfall produced by the operation of the relatively unfamiliar cash limits. There was a fairly small fall in public authorities' current spending and much larger falls in capital expenditures. Private consumption, too, fell as stages II and III of the pay policy operated. Trade to 6 per cent of the labour force. Retail price inflation did, however, fall fractionally from 16.5 per cent in 1976 to 15.9 per cent in 1977 (and to 13 per cent through the year).

Government secrecy: public attitudes toward information provided by the authorities

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Gunnlaugsdottir
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
General Public ◽  
National Registry ◽  
Western World ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Freedom Of Information ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Public ◽  
Government Provision

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present findings of a survey conducted during 2012 in Iceland with the intent of examining public opinion on government provision of information, i.e. whether the public felt that the authorities withheld information, either about subjects of general public interest or about public expenditures, if the authorities felt there was a reason to do so. Design/methodology/approach – A survey questionnaire was sent in March 2012 to almost two thousand Icelanders. This was a random sample selected from the National Registry. The response rate was almost 67 per cent. The survey was modelled on other research and resources that had examined trust toward public authorities and the influence of Freedom of Information Acts on government information practices. Findings – The survey discovered that the greater part of the citizenry felt that the authorities did keep important information of general public interest secret often or sometimes. Only 2-3 per cent of them believed that this never happened. Most of those surveyed felt as well that important information about public expenditures was often or sometimes withheld. Only 3-5 per cent of the respondents were of the opinion that this never happened. Practical implications – The results could be of value to public authorities that want to improve the provision of information and practice according to freedom of information act. They could also bring varied and valuable opportunities to the profession of records managers as well as others who practice information management. Originality/value – The survey adds valuable information and fulfils a need for a better understanding of what the public believes regarding government provision of information in Iceland. Although the survey is limited to Iceland, these findings may also be of value to public authorities and researchers in the Western World, Australia and New Zealand, to give a few examples where the culture and the practice of government may not be that different, as well as in other countries. The survey can lay the foundation for further research into the field.

scholarly journals The Public Management Reform in Romania

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-37
Author(s):  
Sergiu-Vlad Stan ◽  
◽  
Marius-Anton Stupar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Organizations ◽  
Administrative Reform ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
Management Reform ◽  
The Public ◽  
Reform Strategy ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Eu

Romania's accession to the EU depended largely on the ability of Romanian public authorities to implement reforms among public organizations in the country. Globally, however, a successful public administration has become a key factor in determining a nation's competitive advantage. The purpose of this article is to emphasize the efforts of the Romanian public administration to submit to the process of administrative reform and as a consequence to contribute to the creation of an administrative reform strategy based on which Romanian public organizations can be reformed.

THE ORIENTERS OF DEVELOPMENT OF FORMS OF COMMUNICATIVE INFLUENCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY ON THE PUBLIC POLICY

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (12) ◽  
pp. 228-235
Author(s):  
Iryna Vіtalіivna Chaplay
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Public Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Inaccurate Information ◽  
Wide Range

The article presents the theoretical and methodological foundations of the development of forms of communicative influence of civil society on the public policy, provides the main methods and conditions of their use for gaining advantages in solving problems of public-management relations. A wide range of issues related to the peculiarities of public relations organization, taking into account domestic and foreign experience, is covered. The specifics of the use of marketing communications in communicating of public authorities with the public are shown. It is substantiated that in the institutional sense, the greatest interest is the classification, depending on the scope of distribution. The public, when communicating with government, through certain communication tools, is called the external form of communication. The external forms of the communicative influence of civil society on state policy help them convey to the state authorities the necessary information about their thoughts, needs, requests, etc. Of course, such information should be constantly updated and accurate. All non-governmental organizations should maintain friendly relations with state organizations and prevent any misinformation of the latter. At the same time, informatization of public administration contains both positive potential and difficulties and contradictions, neglection which, as practice shows, turns negative result. To date, they are insufficiently developed and require scientific comprehension and substantiation, in particular, the issue of organizational, regulatory and legal support for the implementation and implementation of modern marketing tools and management in public administration. Concerning the prospects for further research on the concept of "the form of communicative influence of civil society on state policy", they consist in streamlining its conceptual apparatus as the basis for improving its system, since incomplete and inaccurate information becomes, as a result, the cause of many problems in the system of reforming public administration .

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