scholarly journals Comparative Characteristics of the Incidence of Healthcare-Associated Infections in the Chelyabinsk region and in the Russian Federation in Total

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 56-61 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Orlova
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
General Demand ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Currently, the problem of prevention and treatment of healthcare-associated infections (HAI), only in hospitals from 5 to 20% of patients HAI get sick. In Chelyabinsk region, in comparison with the Russian Federation, the quantity of the infections connected with delivery of health care tends to growth. The greatest number of HAI is registered in hospitals of a surgical profile 70.3 ± 5.7% (in the Russian Federation - 31.4 ± 0.2%). In area hospital-acquired pneumonia steadily holds the first - second place in structure of HAI (38.2 ± 10.3%) in the country - the fourth - fifth (10.1 ± 5.1%). Detection of distinctions in structure of HAI in Chelyabinsk region and in the country in general demand further studying for the purpose of identification and introduction of the most effective preventive and antiepidemic actions.

Incidence of healthcare-associated infections among puerperas and newborns in Russian Federation

2021 ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
O. A. Orlova ◽  
Yu. A. Abramov ◽  
V. G. Akimkin
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Systematic Approach ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Puerperal Sepsis ◽  
Quality Of Medical Care ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Intrauterine Infections

One of the leading problems of modern public health is healthcare-associated infections (HAIs), which lead to significant social and economic damage, and affect the quality of medical care. The proportion of HAIs in obstetric institutions among all the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation for 9 years decreased by 1.7 times. The number of puerperas of HAIs decreased by 1.4 times, and HAIs of newborns decreased by 1.6 times. The proportion of puerperal sepsis in the structure of purulent-septic infections of puerperas is 1.7 ± 0.5 %, and sepsis of newborns is 4.4 ± 1.5 %. The average incidence of puerperas of IUPS was 2.0 ± 2.1 per 1,000 births. The incidence of HAIs in newborns was 2.0 ± 1.8 per 1,000 newborns. The ratio of HAIs of newborns to intrauterine infections on average was 1: 9, and in some regions 1:2–1:150. The obtained data on the incidence of HAIs in puerperas and newborns indicates the insufficiency of a systematic approach to recording, analyzing and predicting the incidence of HAIs, which requires a detailed development of standard epidemiological definitions of the case HAIs of puerperas and newborns, intrauterine infections of newborns, as well as a detailed analysis of risk factors for the development of HAIs in obstetric facilities.

Analysis of the incidence of newborn's healthcare associated infections and intrauterine infections in several maternity hospitals in Moscow

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-79
Author(s):  
M. V. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Intrauterine Infection ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
Maternity Hospitals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Intrauterine Infections

Purpose of the study. To estimate the incidence of newborn's healthcare associated infections (HAI) and intrauterine infections in the Russian Federation, Moscow and three maternity hospitals in Moscow. Materials and methods. The retrospective epidemiological analysis of neonates HAIs and intrauterine infections during 2008–2017 was performed in the Russian Federation and Moscow and during 2009–2017 in three maternity hospitals (MH) in Moscow. In this study the maternity hospitals would be known as MH № X01, № X02 and № X03. Also, in this study, the calculation and analysis of the proportion of cases of newborn's HAIs and intrauterine infections with laboratory confirmation were performed in Moscow's maternity hospitals. The data was selected from Form № 2 for the Russian Federation and Moscow. Also, the data of the maternity hospitals was drawn from the base of the Hygiene and Epidemiology Center in Moscow. The morbidity rate of HAIs and intrauterine infections of newborns was counted on 1,000 newborns. Microsoft Office Excel 2010 software packages were used for this purpose. The calculation of the increase / decrease rate was made by the method of least squares. Results. The incidence of intrauterine infections and HAIs of newborns in the Russian Federation, Moscow, and maternity hospitals is characterized by the next mutual trends – a significant dominance cases of intrauterine infections' over the cases of HAI, extremely irregular registration and distribution of the nosologies' proportion. Concerning to the dynamics of morbidity during 2009–2017 in maternity hospitals in Moscow, the HAIs newborn's incidence has tendency of decline, and intrauterine infections has considerable increase of the incidence. This consistent pattern is observed in all described maternity hospitals. The structure of the incidence in maternity hospitals is similar to each other. The leading diagnoses among intrauterine infections are intrauterine infection without a lesion and intrauterine pneumonia. The interest of other infections is about 1%. The proportion of cases with laboratory confirmation of the newborn's HAIs and intrauterine infections is extremely small. Besides that, there were identified some indirect signs of poor-quality registration of nosocomial infections. Conclusion. Significant difference in the number of cases of newborn's HAIs and intrauterine infections and their multidirectional incidence trends, once again point to the concealment of a part of nosocomial infections, under such diagnoses, as intrauterine infection without a lesion and intrauterine pneumonia. Laboratory confirmation of cases of HAIs and intrauterine infections in the maternity hospitals is carried out only by a small proportion of patients. Thereby, the incidence rates of HAIs of newborns and intrauterine infections in maternity hospitals in Moscow raise doubts about their reliability.

scholarly journals Early Social Orphanhood as a Relevant Problem of Russian Health Care (On the Example of the Chelyabinsk Region, Russia)

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 1873-1878
Author(s):  
O. A. Manerova ◽  
A. Yu. Markina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Life Situation ◽  
New Mothers ◽  
Medical Legislation ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region

BACKGROUND: The second decade of this century is characterised by the fact that the number of pregnant women who intend to give up their children has considerably decreased. However, despite this, the proportion between the number of abandoned children and all newborns increased from 2009 to 2014.AIM: The goal of this work is to scientifically substantiate changes in Russian legislation based on a comprehensive analysis of the main trends in the development of early social orphanhood and changes in the medical and social characteristics of mothers who give up their children.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The general aggregate of mothers who gave up their children in the Chelyabinsk Region has been studied. In total, 1,438 mothers were observed in 2009-2017. The information has been copied from the reports and records for 2009-2017 found in 51 maternity homes of the Chelyabinsk Region: reporting form No. 32 “Information on Medical Care for Pregnant Women, New Mothers and Women in Labor” and registered form No. 96 “Labor and Delivery Medical Record”.RESULTS: During the period under study, on average, 158 newborns per year were abandoned in maternity homes of the region: 51 children were abandoned by residents of the regional centre, 74 and 33 were abandoned by the women who lived in urban districts and rural municipalities, respectively. Today, mothers who give up their children tend to be marginalised. Two-thirds of them give birth to children out of marriage. Seven out of ten do not have a regular income, and six out of ten have socially significant diseases caused by their lifestyle.CONCLUSIONS: The decline in attention to the prevention of early social orphanhood is caused by the inevitable increase in the number of newborns left without parental care. Every year, the number of well adapted in society women who give up their children when they find themselves in a difficult life situation is decreasing. The number of marginalised pregnant women is growing. Reducing the rate of abandonment of newborns among the marginalised contingent of pregnant women requires changes in the medical legislation of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Epidemiological features of healthcare associated infection of newborns in the Russian Federation during 2007–2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 90-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Ivanova ◽  
A. Ya. Mindlina
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infection ◽  
Congenital Infections ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Objective: to offer additional criteria for assessing registration quality of congenital infections and neonates’ pyoseptic infections. Material and methods: a retrospective epidemiological analysis of congenital infections incidence, pyoseptic infections of puerperas and neonates during 2007–2017 was conducted in this study. All subjects of the Russian Federation were divided into some groups according to registered incidence rate and ratio among congenital, pyoseptic infections of puerperas and neonates with using the method of ranging. Comparative correlation analysis was conducted between puerperas’ pyoseptic infections and neonates’ congenital infections in accordance with registered rate. The sample of the date was taken from Statistical Reporting Form No 2 «Report on infectious and parasitic diseases» for the Russian Federation during 2007–2017, Unified interdepartmental information and statistical system. Results: in most regions of the Russian Federation the registration of healthcare associated infections puerperas and neonates is at a low. More than a half of subjects have low incidence rates (less than 1,0) for one or more of the considered infections. Until now, there are several subjects that do not register healthcare associated infections at all. The absence of correlation relation between the morbidity of the puerperas’ pyoseptic infections and neonates’ congenital infections on the whole in the country confirms this fact. At the same time, the correlation analysis of separate regions with the registration close to the real figures has shown a strong positive relationship between puerperas’ pyoseptic infections and congenital infections. Conclusion: thus, it can be concluded that the presence of relation between rates of incidence of puerperas’ healthcare associated infections and neonates’ congenital infections can be used as one of the epidemiological criteria for assessing the completeness of the registration of healthcare associated infections.

Accuracy and reliability of electronic versus CDC surveillance criteria for non-ventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Haiyan Ramirez Batlle ◽  
Michael Klompas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Healthcare Associated ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Abstract Nonventilator hospital-acquired pneumonia (NV-HAP) is one of the most common healthcare-associated infections, but most hospitals do not track it. We created a pilot electronic definition for NV-HAP and compared its accuracy to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria. Kappa values for the electronic definition and CDC criteria versus “true” pneumonia were similar: 0.40 and 0.47, respectively.

Issues of co-financing of drug provision for the population: international and Russian practice

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Vasiliy Ryazhenov ◽  
Victoriya Andreyeva ◽  
Elena Zakharochkina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Russian President ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Vladimir Putin ◽  
Drug Provision

Russian President Vladimir Putin defined increase in life expectancy from 72.7 to 78 years by 2024 as a national aim in the Decree № 204 of May 7, 2018. Achievement of this aim depends on drug provision system among other factors. Strategy of drug provision for the population of the Russian Federation for the period until 2025 sets the goal of increasing availability of high quality, effective and safe medicines to meet needs of the population and the health system based on the formation of a rational and balanced system of drug provision for the population of the country with available resources. The health care system should expand the possibilities of using modern and effective mechanisms to ensure the financing of drug provision for the population.

Organization of the control system for realization of the National project «Health care» by Roszdravnadzor

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Михаил Мурашко ◽  
Mihail Murashko ◽  
Ирина Серегина ◽  
Irina Seregina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Control System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
State Control ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
National Project ◽  
Department Of State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Control And Monitoring System ◽  
Regional Projects

The article presents main properties of the federal projects of the National project «Health care», as well as the main activities of those projects, in which Roszdravnadzor has a particular interest. The article depicts the control and monitoring system applied by the Department of state control of implementation of state healthcare programs of Rosdravnadzor, which allows to detect in real time the subjects of the Russian Federation that have the highest risk of falling short of the targeted indicator of the regional projects and to take this information into account during the development of the plan for the control and surveillance activities.

Healthcare-Associated Infections: Not Only a Clinical Burden, But a Forensic Point of View

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
pp. 658-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Di Paolo ◽  
Luigi Papi ◽  
Paolo Malacarne ◽  
Federica Gori ◽  
Emanuela Turillazzi
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Clinical Medicine ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Healthcare Associated Infections ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Healthcare Associated

Background: Healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) occur when patients receiving treatment in a health care setting develop an infection. They represent a major public health problem, requiring the integration of clinical medicine, pathology, epidemiology, laboratory sciences, and, finally, forensic medicine. Methods: The determination of cause of death is fundamental not only in the cases of presumed malpractice to ascertain the causal link with any negligent behavior both of health facilities and of individual professionals, but also for epidemiological purposes since it may help to know the global burden of HCAIs, that remains undetermined because of the difficulty of gathering reliable diagnostic data. A complete methodological approach, integrating clinical data by means of autopsy and histological and laboratory findings aiming to identify and demonstrate the host response to infectious insult, is mandatory in HCAIs related deaths. Results: Important tasks for forensic specialists in hospitals and health services centers are the promotion of transparency and open communication by health-care workers on the risk of HCAIs, thus facilitating patients’ engagement and the implementation of educational interventions for professionals aimed to improve their knowledge and adherence to prevention and control measures. Conclusion: HCAIs are a major problem for patient safety in every health-care facility and system around the world and their control and prevention represent a challenging priority for healthcare institution and workers committed to making healthcare safer. Clinicians are at the forefront in the war against HCAIs, however, also forensic pathologists have a remarkable role.

CRIMINAL LEGAL MEANS OF PROVIDING HEALTH CARE DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
DANILA ILIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Health System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Criminal Law ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Criminal Liability ◽  
General Description ◽  
Theoretical Approaches ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents the results of a study of the problems of criminal legal assessment of criminal attacks on the health care system during the COVID-19 pandemic. The social background of such crime and its criminological characteristics are studied. Given the fact that most of criminal law, aimed at preventing crime, reducing the capacity of the state in the fight against novel coronavirus infection treated in depth by the legal and regulatory framework is impeding the spread of the pandemic COVID-19, and analyzed Federal laws, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, decisions and orders of the Government of the Russian Federation, orders of the Ministry of health of Russia and other state bodies governing the functioning of public authorities, medical institutions and organizations, the rights and obligations of citizens and legal entities, this includes measures for the prevention of this disease in various areas of social life that are additionally regulated during the COVID-19 pandemic. The task of optimizing the criminal law provision of health care during the COVID-19 pandemic is formulated, taking into account the actual situation with the spread of this infection and the practice of countering it. As part of this task, based on a critical analysis of existing approaches in the science of criminal law, we formulate our own concept of crimes that infringe on the health system during the COVID-19 pandemic, characterize the problem, study their legal and social nature, and systematize such crimes. On the basis of the obtained data, a General description of crimes that encroach on the health system during the COVID-19 pandemic is given, their criminal-legal features are considered, theoretical approaches to determining their essence are studied, and the author's position on this issue is formulated. The author's classification of crimes that hinder the provision of health care during the COVID-19 pandemic is given. Groups of such crimes are consistently considered. A General description of their objective and subjective characteristics is given. Proposals for improving the interpretation of the relevant criminal law norms in science and law enforcement practice have been developed, and suggestions for their improvement have been substantiated and formulated. The article is addressed not only to scientists and practitioners of law enforcement agencies, but also to doctors who often work in conditions of a lack of legal knowledge about their rights and obligations, the qualification of certain acts from the point of view of criminal law, the grounds and limits of criminal liability for those that constitute a crime, and algorithms for actions in case of detection of such acts.

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