scholarly journals Modern Stage of Development of the Epidemiological Surveillance and Prospects of its Improvement

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 4-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. G. Simonova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Parasitic Diseases ◽  
Historical Aspects ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

The article presents historical aspects of the development of epidemiological surveillance in the world and in the Russian Federation. The contribution of outstanding researchers to the development of theoretical bases for epidemiological surveillance of infectious and parasitic diseases is shown. The directions of improving epidemiological surveillance in modern conditions are considered in connection with the trends in the development of the epidemic situation, the emergence of «new» and the return of «old» infections, the rapid development of means and diagnostic methods, as well as taking into account the existing limitations.

scholarly journals Global Innovation Index (GII) 2020: Russia's place in the world of innovation

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-42
Author(s):  
Ekaterina S. Podbornova ◽  
Maxim A. Melnikov ◽  
Vladimir A. Berdnikov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Global Innovation ◽  
Scientific Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Main Components

At this stage of development of the world economy, all countries, business and scientific organizations are engaged in the issue of quality monitoring of innovative development of society and the economy, inventing for this various indicators that could most comprehensively assess the level and quality of innovative development of an economic unit. Currently, the global innovation index is used to assess the level of the country's innovative development. The Global Innovation Index (GII) stimulates and supports innovation during this critical period. The Global Innovation Index is a global study and its accompanying ranking of countries in the world in terms of the level of innovation development. This article has reviewed the Global Innovation Index from 2015 to 2020 for the Russian Federation and the first 10 in the rating, based on the 2020 rating. We also analyzed the indicators that make up the main components of the global innovation index in Russia for 2020, and identified the strengths and weaknesses of 7 main components. The author proposes the main directions of development in terms of problem indicators of the global innovation index of the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Cholera: Monitoring of Epidemiological Situation around the World and in Russia (2010–2019). Forecast for 2020

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Moskvitina ◽  
E. G. Yanovich ◽  
M. I. Kurilenko ◽  
V. D. Kruglikov ◽  
S. V. Titova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Epidemic Process ◽  
The World ◽  
Imported Cases ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
High Degree ◽  
Social And Environmental Risks

Objective of the study was to monitor the spread of cholera in the world, in the CIS countries and in Russia with an assessment of risks and emergencies that contribute to the activation of the epidemic process. Despite the downward trend in the global incidence rate of cholera during the period between 2010 and 2019, epidemics and major outbreaks occurred in 96 countries. WHO has reported 2013 imported cases of cholera to countries in Asia, the Americas, including the Caribbean, Europe, and Australia with Oceania; cholera-endemic administrative territories are identified in 24 countries. According to WHO, cholera burden reduction in Asia and Africa is associated with large-scale vaccination. During epidemiological surveillance of cholera, 705 strains of V. cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups were isolated from surface reservoirs in 26 constituent entities of the Russian Federation, including 10 strains of V. cholerae O1 ctxA+tcpA+, 35 strains of V. cholerae O1 ctxA–tcpA+, 655 strains of V. cholerae O1 ctxA–tcpA– , and five strains of V. cholerae O139 ctxA–tcpA–. Identification of strains with unique, previously unknown INDEL genotypes testifies to their imported nature. The forecast for cholera in the world for 2020, given the proven high degree of epidemic process activation at the expense of social and environmental risks caused by emergencies of different origin, the presence of endemic foci, infection import and other risk factors is unfavorable. For Russia, the forecast for cholera will be determined by the presence of external risks created by the ongoing 7-th pandemic, possible importation of infection to constituent entities of the Russian Federation that differ by the types of epidemic manifestations.

scholarly journals Characteristics of the Epidemiological Situation on Cholera in the World and in the Russian Federation in 2020 and Forecast for 2021

2021 ◽  
pp. 43-51
Author(s):  
A. K. Noskov ◽  
V. D. Kruglikov ◽  
E. A. Moskvitina ◽  
E. V. Monakhova ◽  
D. A. Levchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
Snp Analysis ◽  
Phylogenetic Relations ◽  
Environmental Objects ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Toxigenic Strains ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

Aim of the work – to assess the epidemiological situation on cholera in 2020 and to make a forecast for 2021 based on the monitoring data and analysis of morbidity around the world for the period of 2011–2020. During the period between 2011 and 2020, 4 413 988 cases of cholera were recorded in 97 countries of the world with a general trend towards a decrease in the incidence (coefficient of accuracy of approximation R2  – 0.5705). However, due to the continuing epidemic manifestations of cholera in the endemic countries of Asia, Africa and America, the epidemiological situation on cholera on these continents was characterized as unfavorable in 2020. The emergence of a new “post-Haitian” lineage was observed among epidemically hazardous strains of Vibrio cholerae O1. In 2020, no epidemically dangerous strains of V. cholerae O1, O139 were isolated from humans on the territory of the Russian Federation. 25 non-toxigenic V. cholerae O1 El Tor strains were isolated from environmental objects, eight out of which (ctxA-, tcpA+), according to PCR-INDEL typing and SNP analysis of sequences, belonged to the clonal complex. The results of the analysis of biological properties and phylogenetic relations between the isolated non-toxigenic strains provided the basis for considering the epidemiological situation on cholera in Russia in 2020 as a stable one and a similar forecast of its development in 2021. At the same time, the possibility of importation of this infection from endemic countries cannot be ruled out, as well as the need to carry out a complex of differentiated anti-epidemic (preventive) measures within the framework of the state sanitary-epidemiological surveillance in order to localize and eliminate the imported focus and avoid the spread of the infection.

scholarly journals Risks and Threats of Using Open Banking in Russia and in the World

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 415
Author(s):  
Kolobova Y. I. ◽  
Mokhnitskaya D.S. ◽  
Sidorova V.E. ◽  
Skorokhod A.A. ◽  
Mokhnitskaya D.S.
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Security Risk ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Aggregation Site ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

A study was conducted on the development of banking in the Russian Federation and in the countries of the world. It was determined that open banking in all countries of the world is at the stage of development. Based on literature, a comprehensive analysis of open banking functioning was conducted. Among the main problems the security risk, isolation and increased competition between banks were identified.Keywords: open banking, PSD2 standards, aggregation site, the latest financial technologies.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Current Epidemiological Situation in Natural Plague Foci around the World. Enhancement of the Effectiveness of Epidemiological Surveillance in Natural Plague Foci of the Russian Federation and Forecast of their Epizootic Activity for 2019

2019 ◽  
pp. 81-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. V. Popov ◽  
I. G. Karnaukhov ◽  
N. D. Pakskina ◽  
G. A. Eroshenko ◽  
A. A. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Epidemiological Surveillance ◽  
High Mountain ◽  
Mountain Areas ◽  
Coverage Area ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

The paper presents the analysis of epidemic activity of natural plague foci around the world, including in CIS and the Russian Federation, over the period of 2000–2018. It was established that in 2010–2018, epidemic manifestations took place in natural plague foci where the main carriers are synanthropic (black, multinippled rats) and commercial (marmots, souslik, ground squirrels) species of rodents. Retaining of low epizootic activity of lowland natural plague foci in the territory of the Russian Federation is observed. In 2018, plague epizooties were detected in the territory of the Gorno-Altai high-mountain and Tuva mountain natural foci, the total coverage area being 2641 km2. 13 strains of the main subspecies and 6 strains of Altaic subspecies of plague microbe were isolated. Demonstrated were the prospects of GIS-technology usage for the enhancement of epidemiological surveillance over plague in Russia. Epizootiological forecast for persisting challenging epidemiological situation in Kosh-Agach district of the Republic of Altai and Mongun-Taiginsky, Ovyursky and Tes-Khemsky Kozhuuns of the Republic of Tuva was substantiated. Recorded was high probability of retention of strained epizootic and epidemiological situation in the south and central parts of the desert zone in the Republic of Kazakhstan, high-mountain areas of the Republic of Kyrgyzstan. Also conservation of epidemic risks for the territories of the countries in Africa (Republic of Madagascar), South (Peru, Bolivia), and North (USA) America, China, and Mongolia was noted. 

scholarly journals Green gram and black gram: prospects of cultivation and breeding in Russian Federation

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (8) ◽  
pp. 957-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Vishnyakova ◽  
M. O. Burlyaeva ◽  
M. G. Samsonova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Mung Bean ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Green Gram ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
World Production ◽  
Black Gram ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation

Diversifcation of crop production in the Russian Federation could be partly achieved by the introduction and production of minor and underutilized crops. Green gram or mung bean (Vigna radiata(L.) R. Wilczek) and black gram or urd (V. mungo(L.) Hepper) are grain legume crops cultivated in limited areas in the Russian Federation. Meanwhile, green gram occupies about 8.5 % of the world production area under pulses (without soybean). It is cultivated mainly in countries of Southeast Asia, but production is expanding to the entire subtropical belt of the globe. In our country these crops can be successfully grown on irrigation in a number of regions in the southern area of the European part and the Russian Far East, where the temperatures during their vegetation are about 28–30 °C and always above 15 °C. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the world’s experience in breeding improvement of mung bean and urd as crops with promise for cultivation in certain soil and climatic zones of the Russian Federation. The world production, use of these high-protein crops, history and peculiarities of breeding, including in the USSR, are covered. To expand the production of both crops in the Russian Federation, their popularization and development of breeding are required. Basic requirements for modern varieties include resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors which can be introgressed from wild relatives. The great importance of both crops in the Asian countries led to the rapid development of molecular researches there. The genome of black gram has been fully sequenced, the genome of green gram has been partly sequenced. Some genes and QTL of adaptability traits have been marked and mapped in a number of wild species of the genusVigna. The role of wild relatives in the breeding of crops concerned is discussed. In the world genebanks, signifcant genetic resources of mung bean and urd have been accumulated. All this creates prerequisites for the development of marker-assistant and genomic breeding.

Formation of conditions of functioning of management companies of reclamation parks providing highly competitive economic efficiency

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
Ivan Abramenko ◽  
Svetlana Manzhina ◽  
Svetlana Kupriyanova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Industrial Sector ◽  
Federal Programs ◽  
Effective Work ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
Level Of Activity ◽  
Decision Making Processes ◽  
The Russian Federation

The aim of the study is to find solutions aimed at the formation of optimal conditions for the creation and functioning of reclamation parks on the territory of existing institutions for reclamation subordinated to the Ministry of agriculture of Russia, through the establishment and justification of the necessary list of functions and powers of their management companies. The comparative analysis of the concept of creation of agricultural parks and the documents regulating functioning of agro-industrial parks is carried out. In addition, the studies were conducted in the context of Federal programs and other legislative acts of the Russian Federation. The analysis of regulatory documentation and scientific developments in the field of agro-industrial sector allowed to compare and make informed decisions on the formation of functions and powers of the management companies of reclamation parks. The formed materials will allow to organize highly effective work of the management companies of recreational parks, by endowing the latter with the necessary functions and powers, without burdening them with unnecessary functions that are not within their competence. Thus formation of functions and powers providing competitive level of activity of reclamation parks needs to be carried out on the basis of functions and powers of the industrial and agroindustrial parks regulated by the current legislation. The formed substantiations will allow to accelerate decision-making processes in the field of powers and functions of managing companies of reclamation parks by legislative and Executive authorities, and thus will contribute to more rapid development of the reclamation complex of the Russian Federation, and as a consequence of the implementation of Federal programs and other legislative acts aimed at the development of agriculture and import substitution in this area.

TO THE QUESTION OF RESPONSIBILITY FOR TORTURE IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
ASTEMIR ZHURTOV ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Life ◽  
International Standards ◽  
World Community ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
The Russian Federation

Cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as humiliate the dignity, are prohibited in most countries of the world, and Russia is no exception in this issue. The article presents an analysis of the institution of responsibility for torture in the Russian Federation. The author comes to the conclusion that the current criminal law of Russia superficially and fragmentally regulates liability for torture, in connection with which the author formulated the proposals to define such act as an independent crime. In the frame of modern globalization, the world community pays special attention to the protection of human rights, in connection with which large-scale international standards have been created a long time ago. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights and other international acts enshrine prohibitions of cruel and inhumane acts that harm human life and health, as well as degrade the dignity.Considering the historical experience of the past, these standards focus on the prohibition of any kind of torture, regardless of the purpose of their implementation.

The World Opened to Everyone. The Main Library of Krasnoyarsk Region has Celebrated 75-year Anniversary

2010 ◽  
pp. 99-100
Author(s):  
Julia N. Shubnikova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Krasnoyarsk Region ◽  
The World ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Krasnodar Region

On the State Universal Scientific Library of the Krasnodar region, which is one of the largest regional libraries in the Russian Federation.

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