Experience of Dexmedetomidine using for intraoperative analgosedation during ophthalmic operations

Background. The aim of the study is to evaluate the quality and safety of the sedative effect of anesthesia in ambulant ophthalmic surgery by using continuous intravenous infusion of Dexmedetomidine. Materials and Methods. Patients were randomized into groups by age (people from 65 to 75 years old, old age 76 years, middle age, young people, children), by gender (men, women). The physical status of patients was assessed using the ASA scale and the dynamics of vegetatic activity by the Kerdo index. Sedation was assessed using the Richmond Sedation Scale RASS.Results. It was found that the difference in the frequency of adverse effects of the appointment of Dexmedetomidine clearly confirms the need to adjust the dose of Dexmedetomidine, depending on the state of the autonomic nervous system. The use of Dexmedetomidine according to the recommendations made it possible to achieve a safe level of sedation and eliminate side effects in ambulant ophthalmic surgery.Conclusions: Parenteral continuous infusion of Dexmedetomidine provides an effective level of sedation for ambulant ophthalmic surgery and maintaining patientsurgeon contact. Safety is confirmed by a low level of critical incidents, no respiratory depression at the target sedation level. The patency of the upper airways was better compared to previous experience with propofol.

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A cross-sectional study on interference control: age affects reactive control but not proactive control

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.8365 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

pp. e8365 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yanfang Peng ◽

Qin Zhu ◽

Biye Wang ◽

Jie Ren

Keyword(s):

Middle Ages ◽

Middle Age ◽

The Elderly ◽

Efficiency Score ◽

Interference Control ◽

Reactive Control ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Age Related ◽

The Difference ◽

The Impact

Background Working memory updating (WMU), a controlled process to continuously adapt to the changing task demand and environment, is crucial for cognitive executive function. Although previous studies have shown that the elderly were more susceptible to cognitive interference than the youngsters, the picture of age-related deterioration of WMU is incomplete due to lack of study on people at their middle ages. Thus, the present study investigated the impact of age on the WMU among adults by a cross-sectional design to verify whether inefficiency interference control accounts for the aging of WMU. Methods In total, 112 healthy adults were recruited for this study; 28 old adults (21 female) ranging from 60 to 78 years of age; 28 middle-age adults (25 female) ranging from 45 to 59 years of age; 28 adults (11 female) ranging from 26 to 44 years of age; and 28 young adults (26 female) ranging from 18 to 25 years of age. Each participant completed a 1-back task. The inverse efficiency score was calculated in various sequences of three trials in a row to quantify the performance of WMU for adults of various ages. Results Inverse efficiency score of both young groups (young adult and adult) were significantly shorter than the old group in both Repeat-Alternate (RA, including □□○ and ○○□) and Alternate-Alternate (AA, including ○□○ and □○□) sequential patterns and they were additionally better than the middle-age group in AA sequential pattern. Conclusion With the increase of difficulty in the task, the difference in reactive interference control between young and middle age was gradually revealed, while the difference between young and old remained to apparent. The degradation of WMU aging may begin from middle-age and presents selective impairment in that only reactive interference control, but not proactive interference control, shows pronounced age-related decline. The preliminary results can inform future studies to further explore the whole lifespan trajectories of cognitive functions.

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Gambaran Penilaian Status Malnutrisi dan Lama Rawat Inap Pasien Hipertensi di RSUD Ir. Soekarno Sukoharjo

Jurnal Gizi ◽

10.26714/jg.8.2.2019.70-80 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 70

Author(s):

Andi Kurniawan ◽

Rusjiyanto Rusjiyanto

Keyword(s):

Length Of Stay ◽

Global Assessment ◽

Middle Age ◽

Female Gender ◽

Subjective Global Assessment ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Level Of Education ◽

Consecutive Sampling ◽

The Difference ◽

Poor Nutrition

Hypertension disease in Indonesia are increasing every year. Manifestation of hypertension’s symptom can affect to malnutrition status and indirectly affect to length of stay. The objective of this research to know the overviews of malnutrition and length of malnutrition and length of stay of hypertension patient at RSUD Ir. Soekarno, SukoharjoThe research description research with observational approach andcross sectional study design. The sampling techniqueused is consecutive sampling as much as 24 respondents. The assessment of malnutrition using Subjective Global Assessment, while the patient’s length of stayis obtained by calculating the difference between date of attendance and date of left the hospital. Respondent with female gender is 58,9%. Most respondents are middle age (50%). Level of education elementary school is 41% respondents. The job of respondents 41% are labor. Respondent with hypertension stage 2 with length of stay are 52%. Hypertension stage 2 respondent with length of stay that classified medium as much as 52%. Respondent’s nutritional status that classified as bad nutrition 10,5% and poor nutrition 21,2%. The majority of SGA score of patients is A or not malnutrition.Keywords : Hypertension, Malnutrition, Length of Stay

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The system of the quality control and the safety of baby food, the prospects of its development

Hygiene and Sanitation ◽

10.18821/0016-9900-2016-95-11-1091-1095 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 95 (11) ◽

pp. 1091-1095

Author(s):

Olga V. Georgieva ◽

L. S. Konovalova ◽

I. Ya. Kon'

Keyword(s):

Human Milk ◽

Infant Nutrition ◽

Baby Food ◽

Customs Union ◽

Quality And Safety ◽

Food Ration ◽

Essential Components ◽

Legislative Framework ◽

The Difference ◽

European Standards

In the article there is considered the substantiation of raise demands to the chemical composition of children’s food and indices of their safety, with taking into account the immaturity of metabolic and physiological processes and limitations of “depot” of nutrients in babies. Based on research results of leading experts in the field of children’s nutritiology and according to the recommendations of the Codex Alimentarius of the Commission of FAO/WHO, ESPGHAN Committee on Nutrition, the EFSA recommendations and EUDirectives there were specified requirements for the ingredient composition, content of essential components and indices of the nutritional value of substitutes for human milk and functional products for the nutrition of infants of the first year of life. There are shown stages of the development of the Russian system of hygienic requirements for baby food, and the direction of its harmonization with international and European standards, particularly for substitutes for human milk and products of dietary therapeutic and dietary preventive nutrition for babies. There are considered aspects of the introduction ofproducts and weaning food dishes into the food ration of infants. There is presented the classification ofproducts of children’s food and the assortment of each group of weaning foods. There is provided the modern legislative framework in the field of the quality and safety for infant nutrition. There was shown the difference between domestic legislation and regulatory framework of the EurAsEC Customs Union of the European countries in the field offood products safety for children older three years. There are presented proposals on the creation of the single regulatory base within the framework of the EurAsEC Customs Union for control the quality and safety of all the baby foods

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Mouth and nose resistance in newborn kittens and puppies

Journal of Applied Physiology ◽

10.1152/jappl.1981.51.3.641 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 641-645 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

J. P. Mortola ◽

J. T. Fisher

Keyword(s):

Mechanical Properties ◽

Airway Obstruction ◽

Flow Rate ◽

Muscle Tone ◽

Upper Airway ◽

Upper Airway Obstruction ◽

Upper Airways ◽

Airway Patency ◽

The Difference ◽

Adult Cats

Newborn mammals, including infants, have difficulties in mouth breathing when the nasal passages are occluded. In this study we examined the possibility that differences in the passive mechanical properties of the upper airways could fully explain this behavior. Steady inspiratory flows through the upper airways in anesthetized supine newborn kittens and puppies resulted in upper airway obstruction, even at flows less than those occurring during resting breathing, suggesting that in the unanesthetized condition muscle tone plays an important role in maintaining upper airway patency. Mouth (Rm) and nose (Rn) resistances have been measured during steady expiratory flows with nostrils closed and mouth passively open or nostrils open and mouth closed. In all the newborns, Rn was substantially smaller than Rm. In contrast, the Rn/Rm in adult dogs is greater than unity. In adult cats Rn/Rm is above or below unity depending upon the flow rate, but the ratio is always larger than in newborn kittens. The difference between newborns and adults is entirely due to the small Rn of the newborn, as Rm is not greater in the newborn than in the adult. We conclude that the obligatory nose breathing behavior of newborns is not fully explained by the passive mechanical properties of the upper airways.

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Balanced Total Intravenous Anaesthesia and Intraocular Pressure

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x8100900308 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 255-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. Norbury ◽

A. D. Rocke ◽

J. G. Brock-Utne ◽

R. Mackenzie ◽

N. Welsh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Rate ◽

Intraocular Pressure ◽

Anaesthetic Techniques ◽

Systolic Arterial Pressure ◽

Total Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽

Physical Status ◽

Ophthalmic Surgery ◽

Safe Alternative ◽

Intravenous Anaesthesia ◽

Group I

Twenty patients, aged 21 to 48 years and rated ASA physical status I, were studied during ophthalmic surgery. Ten subjects (Group I) received thiopentone, halothane and nitrous oxide in oxygen, and ten (Group II) received total intravenous anaesthesia, using flunitrazepam and ketamine. Ventilation was controlled mechanically with the aid of a muscle relaxant. Both anaesthetic techniques caused a significant decrease in intraocular pressure. After an initial decline in systolic arterial pressure and an increase in heart rate, cardiovascular status was well maintained in the two series. Side effects were uncommon with both techniques. Balanced total intravenous anaesthesia with flunitrazepam, ketamine and relaxant appears to offer a safe alternative to conventional inhalation narcosis for intraocular surgery.

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Activity, duration of rest, daytime sleepiness and sleep quality in schizophrenia patients treated with sertindole and olanzapine

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73234-5 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (S2) ◽

pp. 1530-1530

Author(s):

A. Wichniak ◽

A. Wierzbicka ◽

K. Czasak ◽

I. Musińska ◽

T. Jakubczyk ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Quality ◽

Daytime Sleepiness ◽

Sedative Effect ◽

Sleep Diaries ◽

Athens Insomnia Scale ◽

Time In Bed ◽

Activity Duration ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Medication Side ◽

The Difference

ObjectivesLow activity and long rest times are frequent in patients with schizophrenia and are related to increased risk for metabolic disorder. We investigated whether patients who were switched from sedative antipsychotics to sertindole, an antipsychotic drug without sedative effect, were more active than patients with good tolerance to sedative effect of olanzapine.Methods18 patients with schizophrenia treated with sertindole (9 females, mean age 27.9 ± 4,1, mean dose 15.6 ± 3.0 mg/d) and 18 sex and age matched patients treated with olanzapine (mean dose 15.3 ± 6.5 mg/d) underwent actigraphy for seven days. Daytime sleepiness and sleep quality were evaluated with Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS), Athens insomnia scale (AIS) and sleep diaries. PANSS, UKU, BARS scales were used to rate mental state and medication side effects.ResultsAt the time of the assessment PANNS score was similar in sertindole (43.6 ± 7.1) and olanzapine (42.3 ± 12.2) groups. The difference in time in bed as measured by actigraphy was not significant between patients treated with sertindole (572.7 ± 54.8 min.) and olanzapine (600.6 ± 53.6 min.). Also mean 24-h-activity was comparable in both groups (86.6 ± 29.6 and 81.6 ± 27.9 units, respectively). There were not any significant differences in AIS and ESS scales.ConclusionsAlthough sertindole does not induce sedation, patients who were switched from sedative antipsychotics to sertindole were not more active than patients treated with olanzapine. Adjustment of pharmacological treatment has to be supplemented with non-pharmacological interventions to promote activity in patients with schizophrenia.

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ASSA13-16-5 The Difference of Postprandial Plasma Triglyceride, Adiponectin and C-Reactive Protein Between Young and Middle Age Men

Heart ◽

10.1136/heartjnl-2013-303992.239 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 99 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. A77.3-A77

Author(s):

Liao Chenghong ◽

Li Juxiang ◽

Zhang Zhihong ◽

Su Hai ◽

Peng Qiang

Keyword(s):

Middle Age ◽

Plasma Triglyceride ◽

C Reactive Protein ◽

Reactive Protein ◽

The Difference

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On the relation of the lunar recession and the length-of-the-day

Astrophysics and Space Science ◽

10.1007/s10509-021-04004-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 366 (10) ◽

Author(s):

Andre M. Maeder ◽

Vesselin G. Gueorguiev

Keyword(s):

Middle Age ◽

Major Change ◽

Atmospheric Effects ◽

Earth Planet ◽

Lunar Laser Ranging ◽

Isostatic Adjustment ◽

Lunar Laser ◽

Variation Rate ◽

The Difference ◽

Length Of The Day

AbstractWe review the problem of the consistency between the observed values of the lunar recession from Lunar Laser Ranging (LLR) and of the increase of the length-of-the-day (LOD). From observations of lunar occultations completed by recent IERS data, we derive a variation rate of the LOD equal to 1.09 ms/cy from 1680 to 2020, which compares well with McCarthy and Babcock (Phys. Earth Planet. Inter. 44: 281, 1986) and Sidorenkov (Astron. Astrophys. Trans. 24: 425, 2005). This rate is lower than the mean rate of 1.78 ms/cy derived by Stephenson et al. (Proc. R. Soc. A 472: 20160404, 2016) on the basis of eclipses in the Antiquity and Middle Age. The difference in the two observed rates starts at the epoch of a major change in the data accuracy with telescopic observations. The observed lunar recession appears too large when compared to the tidal slowing down of the Earth determined from eclipses in the Antiquity and Middle Age and even much more when determined from lunar occultations and IERS data from 1680 to 2020. With a proper account of the tidal effects and of the detailed studies on the atmospheric effects, the melting from icefields, the changes of the sea level, the glacial isostatic adjustment, and the core-mantle coupling, we conclude that the long-standing problem of the presence or absence of a local cosmological expansion is still an open question.

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Alternation of EEG Characteristics During Transcutaneous Acupoint Electrical Stimulation–Induced Sedation

Clinical EEG and Neuroscience ◽

10.1177/1550059420976303 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 155005942097630

Author(s):

Fei Yan ◽

Dawei Song ◽

Zhen Dong ◽

Yun Zhang ◽

Haidong Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Stimulation ◽

Sedative Effect ◽

Permutation Entropy ◽

Functional Connections ◽

Band Power ◽

Delta Band ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Sedative Effects ◽

The Difference ◽

Global Strength

Recent studies have shown that applying acupuncture during general anesthesia can reduce the dosage of anesthetics. Hence, it is speculated that acupuncture may have a sedative effect. However, existing studies employed acupuncture in combination with anesthetics, which makes determine acupuncture’s role in producing sedation difficult. In this work, we investigated the sedative effect of acupuncture by using transcutaneous acupoint electrical stimulation (TAES) at bilateral Zusanli (ST36), Shenmen (HT7) and Sanyinjiao (SP6). Using a cross-over design, 2 separate sessions, that are, the resting and TAES sessions, were conducted for each subject. The sedative effect was quantified by using the bispectral index (BIS). The difference in brain activities between resting and TAES sessions was investigated by analyzing the simultaneously recorded EEG signals. Our results showed that a statistically significant difference in BIS values existed between resting and TAES sessions, which suggested that TAES alone was capable of inducing observable sedation. Using power spectrum analysis, we showed that TAES-induced sedation was accompanied by a reduction in alpha band power and an increment in delta band power. Permutation entropy was lower during the TAES session, which suggested that TAES reduced the complexity of the EEG signal. Moreover, a significant reduction in the global strength of brain functional connections was observed during TAES. These findings suggest that TAES alone can induce observable sedative effects, and this sedation effect is accompanied by changes in brain activities that have shown to be correlated with consciousness.

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