scholarly journals Fermented rice bran supplementation ameliorates obesity via gut microbiota and metabolism modification in female mice

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiro Tochitani ◽  
Yoshiteru Maehara ◽  
Takahiro Kawase ◽  
Takamitsu Tsukahara ◽  
Ryoichi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Female Mice

scholarly journals Distinct Changes in Gut Microbiota Are Associated with Estradiol-Mediated Protection from Diet-Induced Obesity in Female Mice

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Kalpana D. Acharya ◽  
Hye L. Noh ◽  
Madeline E. Graham ◽  
Sujin Suk ◽  
Randall H. Friedline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Glucose Turnover ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Adult Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Metabolic Dysregulation ◽  
Regulation Of Metabolism ◽  
Junction Protein

A decrease in ovarian estrogens in postmenopausal women increases the risk of weight gain, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and chronic inflammation. While it is known that gut microbiota regulates energy homeostasis, it is unclear if gut microbiota is associated with estradiol regulation of metabolism. In this study, we tested if estradiol-mediated protection from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity and metabolic changes are associated with longitudinal alterations in gut microbiota in female mice. Ovariectomized adult mice with vehicle or estradiol (E2) implants were fed chow for two weeks and HFD for four weeks. As reported previously, E2 increased energy expenditure, physical activity, insulin sensitivity, and whole-body glucose turnover. Interestingly, E2 decreased the tight junction protein occludin, suggesting E2 affects gut epithelial integrity. Moreover, E2 increased Akkermansia and decreased Erysipleotrichaceae and Streptococcaceae. Furthermore, Coprobacillus and Lactococcus were positively correlated, while Akkermansia was negatively correlated, with body weight and fat mass. These results suggest that changes in gut epithelial barrier and specific gut microbiota contribute to E2-mediated protection against diet-induced obesity and metabolic dysregulation. These findings provide support for the gut microbiota as a therapeutic target for treating estrogen-dependent metabolic disorders in women.

scholarly journals Red Clover Isoflavones Influence Estradiol Concentration, Exercise Performance, and Gut Microbiota in Female Mice

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Ming Chen ◽  
I-Lin Wang ◽  
Xin-Yi Zhu ◽  
Wan-Chun Chiu ◽  
Yen-Shuo Chiu
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Red Clover ◽  
Intestinal Barrier Function ◽  
Vehicle Group ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Main Compound ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

In red clover (Trifolium pratense L.; RC) the main compound is isoflavones, which are selective estrogen receptor modulators for maintaining female health. Isoflavones exert antifatigue effects during exercise in high-temperature environments. This study aimed to investigate the effect of RC supplementation on gut microbiota composition to determine whether it improves intestinal barrier function and exercise performance. Female ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 8 per group) and orally administered RC once daily for 6 weeks at 0 (vehicle), 308 (RC-1X), 615 (RC-2X), and 1,538 (RC-5X) mg/kg. RC supplementation decreased the fat mass and increased exhaustive swimming time, grip strength, and muscle glycogen in female mice. In the RC supplementation group, serum levels of lactate, ammonia, and creatine kinase decreased after swimming. The estradiol and progesterone levels were higher in the RC group than in the vehicle group. Regarding gut microbiota composition, the RC-2X group may increase intestinal health related to the microorganisms Pseudobutyrivibrio and Parabacteroide. Thus, the use of RC supplements as nutraceuticals could have positive effects on athletes' gut and overall health.

scholarly journals In Vitro Fecal Fermentation Patterns of Arabinoxylan from Rice Bran on Gut Microbiota in Normal Weight and Overweight/Obese Subjects

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1560-1560
Author(s):  
Inah Gu ◽  
Wing Shun Lam ◽  
Daya Marasini ◽  
Cindi Brownmiller ◽  
Brett Savary ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Block Design ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequencing ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Arabinoxylan is a non-starch polysaccharide and rich in wheat, rice and many other cereal grains. Diets high in fiber help promoting gut health in obesity. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact of arabinoxylan from rice bran on the gut microbiota and short chain fatty acids (SCFA) in normal weight (NW) and overweight/obese (OO) subjects through in vitro fecal fermentation. Methods Arabinoxylan was extracted from rice bran fiber. For in vitro fecal fermentation, each fecal sample from NW (n = 6, 3 males and 3 females) and OO (n = 7, 3 males and 4 females) was diluted into anaerobic medium with three treatments: control (no substrates), fructooligosaccharides (FOS, a well-known prebiotic), and arabinoxylan. Samples were incubated at 37˚C and aliquots were taken at 0, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. SCFA content from samples at all timepoints was analyzed using HPLC. Samples at 0 and 24 h were used for gut microbiota analysis through 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Statistical analyses were performed for the randomized complete block design, where the weight classes are confounded with blocks (subjects). Friedman test was used to determine the difference at 5% level of significance. Results As a result, arabinoxylan treatment significantly increased total SCFA concentration in both NW and OO subjects than control (P < 0.05), comparable to FOS treatment. Between weight classes under arabinoxylan treatment, OO group showed a significantly higher total SCFA content than NW group (P < 0.05). Arabinoxylan changed gut microbial population at the genus level, stimulating Bifidobacterium, Collinsella and Blautia and decreasing Clostridium XIVa and b, Dorea and Oscillibacter (P < 0.05). In addition, different microbiome population was shown in weight classes with three treatments, showing higher Bacteroides in NW and higher Prevotella in OO. Conclusions These results showed that arabinoxylan from rice bran modified gut microbiota in both weight classes, increasing total SCFA content. This study suggests that arabinoxylan from rice bran may have a potential impact on microbial gut health in obesity with prebiotic activities. Funding Sources University of Arkansas.

scholarly journals Gut microbiota from androgen‐altered donors alter pulmonary responses to ozone in female mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross S. Osgood ◽  
Hiroki Tashiro ◽  
David I. Kasahara ◽  
Vladimir Yeliseyev ◽  
Lynn Bry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Female Mice

scholarly journals Sexually Dimorphic Regulation of Gut Microbiota and Body Weight by a Naturally Occurring Flavonoid

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 472-472
Author(s):  
Priyanka Sharma ◽  
Guojun Wu ◽  
Hong Ye ◽  
Yan Y Lam ◽  
Deeptha Kumaraswamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Intestinal Microbiome ◽  
Sexually Dimorphic ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Principal Coordinates ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Microbiota Structure

Abstract Objectives 7,8-Dihydroxyflavone (DHF) is a naturally occurring flavonoid that is being actively investigated as a therapeutic modality in the treatment of neurological disorders. A recent study also indicated that oral DHF supplementation protected female but not male mice from diet-induced obesity. However, the mechanisms underlying this sexually-dimorphic effects of DHF were not known. The aim of the work is to investigate the mechanisms underlying sex-specific effects of flavonoid. Methods Age-matched male and female mice were given ad libitum access to high fat-diet and drinking water containing vehicle or DHF for 12 weeks. Body weights, body composition, food, and water intake, were assessed. Immunohistological analysis, immunohistochemistry staining, plasma triglycerides, plasma bile acids, and hepatic lipids were investigated. Fresh fecal samples were collected, genomic DNA was extracted and hypervariable region V4 of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified. Gut microbiota structure was evaluated using alpha diversity indices and beta diversity distance metrices. Principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) was performed using the R “ape” package to visualize differences in gut microbiota structure between treatment groups along principal coordinates that accounted for most of the variations. Results Oral administration of DHF, remodels the intestinal microbiome of female, but not male, prior to divergence in body weight. This is concomitant with increase in brown adipose tissue thermogenesis, mediated by increased expression of UCP1 and Pgc -1α protecting the female mice from diet-induced obesity. Conclusions This study demonstrates sexually-dimorphic effects of a clinically relevant natural compound. Importantly, it points to a role for sex-dependent remodeling of the intestinal microbiome as a mechanism for weight control in females. Thus, our discoveries pave the way for personalized nutrition strategies that account for sex differences in metabolism. Funding Sources NIH.

Gut microbiota characterization and lipid metabolism disorder found in PCB77-treated female mice

Toxicology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 420 ◽  
pp. 11-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulang Chi ◽  
Hongou Wang ◽  
Yi Lin ◽  
Yanyang Lu ◽  
Qiansheng Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Metabolism Disorder

Effects of Estradiol and High-Fat Diet on Anxiety and Gut Microbiota in Female Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. S389
Author(s):  
Harshini Raman ◽  
Madeline Graham ◽  
Kalpana Acharya ◽  
Abigail Parakoyi ◽  
Alexis Corcoran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Female Mice

scholarly journals In Vitro Fermentation Patterns of Rice Bran Components by Human Gut Microbiota

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Pham ◽  
Keat Teoh ◽  
Brett Savary ◽  
Ming-Hsuan Chen ◽  
Anna McClung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
In Vitro Fermentation ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

scholarly journals Positive Synergistic Effects of Quercetin and Rice Bran on Human Gut Microbiota Reduces Enterobacteriaceae Family Abundance and Elevates Propionate in a Bioreactor Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudeep Ghimire ◽  
Supapit Wongkuna ◽  
Ranjini Sankaranarayanan ◽  
Elizabeth P. Ryan ◽  
G. Jayarama Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Fatty Acid Production ◽  
Microbiome Composition ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota

Dietary fiber and flavonoids have substantial influence on the human gut microbiota composition that significantly impact health. Recent studies with dietary supplements such as quercetin and rice bran have shown beneficial impacts on the host alongside a positive influence of the gut microbiota. The specific bacterial species impacted by quercetin or rice bran in the diet is not well understood. In this study, we used a minibioreactor array system as a model to determine the effect of quercetin and rice bran individually, as well as in combination, on gut microbiota without the confounding host factors. We found that rice bran exerts higher shift in gut microbiome composition when compared to quercetin. At the species level, Acidaminococcus intestini was the only significantly enriched taxa when quercetin was supplemented, while 15 species were enriched in rice bran supplementation and 13 were enriched when quercetin and rice bran were supplemented in combination. When comparing the short chain fatty acid production, quercetin supplementation increased isobutyrate production while propionate dominated the quercetin and rice bran combined group. Higher levels of propionate were highly correlated to the lower abundance of the potentially pathogenic Enterobacteriaceae family. These findings suggest that the combination of quercetin and rice bran serve to enrich beneficial bacteria and reduce potential opportunistic pathogens. In vivo studies are necessary to determine how this synergy of quercetin and rice bran on microbiota impact host health.

scholarly journals SUN-092 Distinct Changes in Gut Microbiota Are Associated with Estradiol-Mediated Protection from Diet-Induced Obesity in Female Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpana Acharya ◽  
Madeline Graham ◽  
Hye Lim Noh ◽  
Sujin Suk ◽  
Randall Friedline ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Female Mice ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity
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