scholarly journals Manufacturing entities flare systems fire hazard analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
Kostiantyn AFANASENKO ◽  
Volodymyr LYPOVYI ◽  
Serhii ZIMIN
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Hazard Analysis ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Combustible Liquids

Industrial enterprises of chemical, petrochemical, energy complexes, in the technological process of which combustible gases, flammable and combustible liquids rotate, have flare systems, which are designed for smokeless combustion of combustible and toxic gases or vapors as a result of their periodic, emergency or permanent venting. The main task of flare systems at enterprises is to prevent gas from atmosphere entering by flaring. Flare systems of a manufacturing entities are a complex of structures of high fire danger. The task of the work is to analyze the parameters of the explosion that may occur during the formation of an emergency situation on flare systems.

THE PROBLEM OF MINIMIZING THE PROBABILITY OF ACCIDENTS AT WELDING IN ROBOTIZED TECHNOLOGICAL COMPLEXES

2017 ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Dmitry Sergeevich Fominykh ◽  
Aleksey Sergeevich Bogomolov ◽  
Vladimir Andreevich Ivashchenko ◽  
Vadim Alekseevich Kushnikov ◽  
Alexander Fedorovich Rezchikov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Oriented Graph ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Robotic Welding ◽  
Logical Function ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Comprehensive Plan ◽  
Discrete Device

The article studies the problems, mathematical models and algorithms that allow reducing the probability of emergency situations during welding in robotic complexes. Since the application of methods of the calculus of variations is difficult, the task is reduced to the development and verification of the implementation of a detailed comprehensive plan of measures to remove the emergency situation, leading to a shutdown of the technological process. A comprehensive plan of measures based on the causal relationship between the parameters of the process and the study of the experience of the dispatching personnel has been developed. The plan is presented in the form of an oriented graph in which the vertices are the activities of the plan, and the arcs determine their relationship and sequence of implementation. The conditions affecting the technological process and the implementation of the plan are presented in the form of a production model. To verify the implementation of the plan in accordance with the principles and conditions for their implementation, a logical function was developed and a circuit of a discrete device constructed according to this function was drawn up. By specifying the values of the function arguments, the possibility of implementing the plan can be checked at any time. In the article the scheme of introducing educational mathematics in the structure of the existing complex of technical controls of the robotized welding complex is presented. The algorithms of the solution at various time intervals are analyzed with the help of the information-logic scheme. The introduction of the developed models and algorithms in industrial enterprises using robotic welding systems allows to reduce the damage from emergency situations and shutdown of the technological process.

APPLICATION OF CGI-ANIMATIONS FOR LABORATORY WORKS ON FIRE SAFETY IN TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES COURSE IN DISTANCE LEARNING

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Shvyrkov S. ◽  
◽  
Shvyrkov A. ◽  
Petrov A. ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Explosion Hazard ◽  
Technological Processes ◽  
Video Clips ◽  
Fire And Explosion ◽  
Combustible Gases ◽  
Combustible Liquids

Purpose. The article demonstrates the capabilities of CGI-animation technologies in creating video clips for laboratory works on the course of Fire Safety in Technological Processes and the options for their use in both traditional and distance learning, which is especially timely taking into consideration threat of spreading coronavirus infection. Methods. To create video clips for laboratory works, methods and techniques of 3D graphics have been used, including the creation of volumetric models of the objects best matching the real ones, scene formation, animation, visualization and working with video. Findings. CGI-animation technologies have been used for creating video clips for laboratory works on the following topics of Fire Safety in Technological Processes course: – studying fire hazard of pressure increase in a heated apparatus with a liquid; – studying flammability of sparks impact and friction; – studying the parameters of fire and explosion hazard during flammable and combustible liquids evaporation into still environment; – studying the parameters of fire and explosion safety when ventilating devices from combustible gases and vapors. Research application field. The video clips for laboratory works created on the CGI-animation technologies basis are successfully used both in traditional and distance types of training on the course of Fire Safety in Technological Processes at State Fire Academy of EMERCOM of Russia. Conclusions. Laboratory works using CGI-animation can be successfully applied both in distance and traditional learning formats, which diversifies the educational process and makes it more intense. CGI-animation technologies can be successfully used for developing educational content for various subjects not only for distance learning, but also for the other forms of education. In the future laboratory works can be improved through creating virtual laboratory works on their basis.

Emergency Ventilation of Clean Rooms

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-77
Author(s):  
В. М. Попов ◽  
А. В. Бараков ◽  
С. Н. Кузнецов
Keyword(s):  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Material Balance ◽  
Emergency Situation ◽  
The State ◽  
Clean Room ◽  
Toxic Gases ◽  
Emergency Ventilation ◽  
Modern Industry ◽  
Air Exchange

Постановка задачи. В современной промышленности для обеспечения контроля за состоянием воздушной среды часто используют технологии чистых помещений. Использование токсичных газов в чистых помещениях может приводить к аварийным ситуациям, для ликвидации которых необходима аварийная вентиляция. Для расчета аварийного воздухообмена необходимо создание модели аварийного воздухообмена, учитывающей значительное количество влияющих факторов. Результаты. Модель аварийного воздухообмена для чистого помещения разработана на основе уравнения материального баланса по вредному газу, выделяющемуся из оборудования при возникновении аварийной ситуации. Получено решение модели аварийного воздухообмена для чистого помещения, позволяющее рассчитать концентрации вредного газа в зависимости от расчетной аварийной ситуации. Исследованы свойства полученного решения. Введено понятие аккумулирующей способности вентилируемого помещения и оценено влияние аккумулирующей способности на изменение концентраций вредного газа. Выводы. Выполненные расчеты позволяет глубже понять процессы развития аварийной ситуации в чистом помещении и учесть эти риски при проектировании аварийной вентиляции чистых помещений. Statement of the problem. In modern industry, clean room technology is commonly used to monitor the state of the air. The use of toxic gases in clean rooms might result in emergencies that call for emergency ventilation. In order to calculate the emergency air exchange, it is necessary to design a model of emergency air exchange considering a significant number of influencing factors. Results. The model of emergency air exchange for a clean room is developed based on the equation of material balance on the harmful gas allocated from the equipment in case of an emergency. The solution of the model of the emergency air exchange for a clean room is obtained allowing the concentrations of harmful gas to be calculated depending on a specific emergency. The properties of the resulting solution are investigated. The concept of accumulating capacity of the ventilated room is introduced and the influence of accumulating capacity on change of concentrations of harmful gas is evaluated. Conclusions. The performed calculations allow one to understand the processes of development of an emergency situation in a clean room more profoundly and to allow for these risks while designing emergency ventilation of clean rooms.

scholarly journals FIRE RESISTANCE OF BUILDING STRUCTURES OF FLAMMABLE AND COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS STORES

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
O. I. Bashynskiy ◽  
M. Z. Peleshko ◽  
T. G. Berezhanskiy
Keyword(s):  
Fire Resistance ◽  
Fire Safety ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Safety Measures ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Combustible Liquids

The article is dedicated to the fire resistance limit of building structures of the objects for the storage of flammable and combustible liquids. Today, oil stores are very important elements of the oil supply system in Ukraine. The analysis of literary sources has shown that fires in oil stores cause extra fire hazard of surrounding objects. Increasing of their scales requires further improvement of fire safety measures during planning and using of oil stores. Fires in such buildings are tricky and large; they cause great harm and often lead to the death of people; their liquidation is very difficult. Theoretical calculations shown that the collapse of structures of the packaged oil stores and, as a result, significant material losses and the threat to people's life and health, were resulted from the incorrect selection of building structures and the discrepancy between the fire resistance of these structures and the applicable norms and requirements for such buildings. Fire Safety, №34, 2019 9 Fire resistance limit of the metal double-T pillar made of steel ВСт3пс4 (profile size number 30) was calculated in the article. Such constructions are used in oil stores. The obtained fire resistance limit of a metal double-T pillar is about 16 minutes (R 16). According to the normative documents for buildings of this type (the degree of fire resistance of the building – III), it should be 120 minutes (R 120). Even if the calculation method has an error due to the choice of another steel grade, objectively none of the double-T profiles from the assortment list would provide proper fire resistance limit.

scholarly journals ARTISTIC COMPONENT IN MODERN INDUSTRIAL ARCHITECTURE

2020 ◽  
pp. 123-128
Author(s):  
A. A. Kharytonova ◽  
◽  
Y. R. Kravchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
Human Perception ◽  
City Development ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Industrial Buildings ◽  
Industrial Architecture ◽  
Spatial Composition ◽  
The Aesthetic

The article is devoted to the consideration of the features of the formation of the appearance of objects, taking into account the technological process, the identification of fixed assets and methods of creating the spatial-spatial composition of buildings within the existing city development. These are: the Nestle plant in Mexico, the Fagus factory, the construction of the Leeds incinerator, etc. Industrial architecture is an integral part of society. The presence and functioning of industrial enterprises characterizes the economic and political independence of the state. Industrial areas are usually large in area. and environmental friendliness. It is extremely important for modern industrial design to take into account the energy efficiency of a building, as industrial buildings are directly related to the consumption of natural resources, most of which are exhausted. in the design and reconstruction of industrial facilities nowadays, in addition to taking into account the technological process, it is extremely important to pay attention to the exterior and interior decoration of buildings. This not only affects the aesthetic component of human perception, but also promotes the productivity of workers. Many industrial structures are included in the social and cultural life of the city, combining several additional functions, in addition to the main (industrial). The development of industrial architecture is closely linked to the development of facing materials, which are often used aluminum. But in the construction of industrial buildings can be used and other materials that allow you to create many color schemes. All factors determine the need to create an aesthetic environment that meets the needs of society.

Management accounting in forest processing: market research and forecast of planned actions

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-41
Author(s):  
Gamlet Yakovlevich Ostaev ◽  
Grigory Rolanovich Alborov ◽  
Konstantin Akakievich Dzhikiya
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Management Accounting ◽  
Objective Assessment ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Market Conditions ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Management Actions

The article reveals the key points of accounting and management actions in terms of studying market conditions, PR and forecasting planned actions. The main accounting and management tools in management accounting are: planning, management, accounting, organization, analysis and monitoring of business processes. Determination of the incurred costs of the business and its further sustainable development is the conceptual basis of management accounting. The aim of the study is to develop criteria for management accounting in the study of the sawn timber market and to study consumer demand for this product, identify consumer preferences, assess the frequency of purchasing products and factors affecting demand. The subject of the research is management accounting as a complex mechanism in terms of research (monitoring) market conditions, PR and forecast of planned actions. In accordance with this goal, the main task was determined: to predict the development of the market, adequately (in a timely manner, taking into account all factors) to respond to them, thereby ensuring high efficiency of economic activity, and strengthening its competitiveness in the Udmurt Republic. It is concluded that, despite the complexity and specifics of this type of activity, with a competent management approach, industrial enterprises in order to gain competitive advantages must constantly collect and process accounting and management information, including marketing information for an objective assessment of the external environment, analyze their own activities in order to reduce financial risks.

Evaluation of critical atmospheric patterns for the occurrence of forest fires in a climate change context in the northwest of Argentine Patagonia.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verónica Dankiewicz ◽  
Matilde M. Rusticucci ◽  
Soledad M. Collazo
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Forest Fires ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Fire Season ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Fire Weather Index ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Argentine Patagonia ◽  
In Fire

<p>Forest fires are a global phenomenon and result from complex interactions between weather and climate conditions, ignition sources, and humans. Understanding these relationships will contribute to the development of management strategies for their mitigation and adaptation. In the context of climate change, fire hazard conditions are expected to increase in many regions of the world due to projected changes in climate, which include an increase in temperatures and the occurrence of more intense droughts. In Argentina, northwestern Patagonia is an area very sensitive to these changes because of its climate, vegetation, the urbanizations highly exposed to fires, and the proximity of two of the largest and oldest National Parks in the country. The main objective of this work is to analyze the possible influence of climate change on some atmospheric patterns related to fire danger in northwestern Argentine Patagonia. The data were obtained from two CMIP5 global climate models CSIRO-Mk3-6-0 and GFDL-ESM2G and the CMIP5 multimodel ensemble, in the historical experiment and two representative concentration pathways: RCP2.6 and RCP8.5. The data used in this study cover the region's fire season (FS), from September to April, and were divided into five periods of 20 years each, a historical period (1986-2005), which was compared with four future periods: near (2021-2040), medium (2041-2060), far (2061-2080) and very far (2081-2100). The statistical distribution of the monthly composite fields of the FS was studied for some of the main fire drivers: sea surface temperature in the region of the index EN3.4 (SST EN3.4), sea level pressure anomalies ​​(SLP), surface air temperature anomalies (TAS), the Antarctic Oscillation Index (AOI) and monthly accumulated precipitation (PR). In addition, the partial correlation coefficient was calculated to determine the independent contribution of each atmospheric variable to the Fire Weather Index (FWI), used as a proxy for the mean FS danger. As a result, we observed that SST EN3.4 is the only one that could indicate a reduction in fire danger in the future, although no variable presented a significant contribution to the FWI with respect to the others. In the RCP8.5 scenario, greater fire danger is projected by the TAS, the PR, the SLP, and relative by the AOI, while in the RCP2.6 scenario, only the TAS shows influence leading to an increase, which would be offset by the opposite influence of SST EN3.4 for the same periods in this scenario. In conclusion, in RCP8.5 it could be assumed that there is a trend towards an increase in fire danger given the influence in this sense of most of the variables analyzed, but not in RCP2.6 where there would be no significant changes.</p>

scholarly journals Modeling Drying of Degenerated Calluna vulgaris for Wildfire and Prescribed Burning Risk Assessment

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Torgrim Log
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Mass Loss ◽  
Diffusion Coefficients ◽  
Prescribed Burning ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Fire Risk ◽  
Calluna Vulgaris ◽  
Fire Danger ◽  
Drying Process

Research highlights: Moisture diffusion coefficients for stems and branches of degenerated Calluna vulgaris L. have been obtained and a mathematical model for the drying process has been developed and validated as an input to future fire danger modeling. Background and objectives: In Norway, several recent wildland–urban interface (WUI) fires have been attributed to climate changes and accumulation of elevated live and dead biomass in degenerated Calluna stands due to changes in agricultural activities, i.e., in particular abandonment of prescribed burning for sheep grazing. Prescribed burning is now being reintroduced in these currently fire prone landscapes. While available wildfire danger rating models fail to predict the rapidly changing fire hazard in such heathlands, there is an increasing need for an adapted fire danger model. The present study aims at determining water diffusion coefficients and develops a numerical model for the drying process, paving the road for future fire danger forecasts and prediction of safe and efficient conditions for prescribed burning. Materials and methods: Test specimens (3–6 mm diameter) of dead Calluna stems and branches were rain wetted 48 h and subsequently placed in a climate chamber at 20 °C and 50% relative humidity for mass loss recordings during natural convection drying. Based on the diameter and recorded mass versus time, diffusion coefficients were obtained. A numerical model was developed and verified against recoded mass loss. Results: Diffusion coefficients were obtained in the range 1.66–10.4 × 10−11 m2/s. This is quite low and may be explained by the very hard Calluna “wood”. The large span may be explained by different growth conditions, insect attacks and a varying number of years of exposure to the elements after dying. The mathematical model described the drying process well for the specimens with known diffusion coefficient. Conclusions: The established range of diffusion coefficients and the developed model may likely be extended for forecasting moisture content of degenerated Calluna as a proxy for fire danger and/or conditions for efficient and safe prescribed burning. This may help mitigate the emerging fire risk associated with degenerated Calluna stands in a changing climate.

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